Piezoelectric Actuation Mechanism Involving Extrinsic Nanodomain Dynamics in Lead-Free Piezoelectrics.

Piezoelectric materials play a key role in applications, while there are physically open questions. The physical origin of piezoelectricity is understood as the sum of contributions from intrinsic effects on lattice dynamics and those from extrinsic effects on ferroic-domain dynamics, but there is an incomplete understanding that all but intrinsic effects are classified as extrinsic effects. Therefore, the accurate classification of extrinsic effects is important for understanding the physical origin of piezoelectricity.

Thickness dependence of dielectric nonlinearity of lead zirconate titanate films.

The first-order reversal curves (FORC) distribution of PbZr(0.52)Ti(0.48)O3 thin films was characterized as a function of film thickness.