Utilizing polygenic risk score for breast cancer risk prediction in a Taiwanese population.

Background: Breast cancer has been the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women in Taiwan since 2003. While genetic variants play a significant role in the elevated risk of breast cancer, their implications have been less explored within Asian populations. Variant-based polygenic risk scores (PRS) have emerged as valuable tools for assessing the likelihood of developing breast cancer.

Bessel beam propagation using radial beam propagation method at different propagation scales.

This paper is devoted to studying the Bessel beam propagation in cylindrical coordinates using the Hankel transform beam propagation method (HT-BPM) and their behavior in different scenarios in the microscale and meter scale of propagation distances. The study compares the results obtained from the HT-BPM with another fast Fourier transform beam propagation method (FFT-BPM) to validate the accuracy and effectiveness of the HT-BPM in modeling Bessel beam propagation. The axial intensity of Bessel beam propagation is analyzed using the HT-BPM.

Copper Chelation Therapy Attenuates Periodontitis Inflammation through the Cuproptosis/Autophagy/Lysosome Axis.

Periodontitis development arises from the intricate interplay between bacterial biofilms and the host's immune response, where macrophages serve pivotal roles in defense and tissue homeostasis. Here, we uncover the mitigative effect of copper chelator Tetrathiomolybdate (TTM) on periodontitis through inhibiting cuproptosis, a newly identified form of cell death which is dependent on copper. Our study reveals concurrent cuproptosis and a macrophage marker within murine models.

Comparative Effectiveness of Different Exercises for Reducing Pain Intensity in Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Studies have demonstrated that exercise can mitigate the intensity of menstrual pain in primary dysmenorrhea, but the most effective type of exercise remains unclear. The objective of this systematic review and network meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of different exercise regimens in reducing pain associated with primary dysmenorrhoea.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials investigating the relationship between menstrual pain and exercise were selected from major electronic databases until February 2, 2024.

Acetyl-CoA-dependent acC acetylation promotes the osteogenic differentiation of LPS-stimulated BMSCs.

The impaired osteogenic capability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) caused by persistent inflammation is the main pathogenesis of inflammatory bone diseases. Recent studies show that metabolism is disturbed in osteogenically differentiated BMSCs in response to Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment, while the mechanism involved remains incompletely revealed. Herein, we demonstrated that BMSCs adapted their metabolism to regulate acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) availability and RNA acetylation level, ultimately affecting osteogenic differentiation.

Retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy for large adrenal tumors-analysis of tumor size and adverse events: a retrospective single-center study.

Introduction: Adrenal tumors are relatively common, and adrenalectomy is the third most common endocrine surgery. Patients with adrenal tumors were categorized into two groups for analysis: those with intermediate (4-6 cm, Group 1) and large (>6 cm, Group 2) tumors undergoing Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy (RLA). The primary outcome is to compare the surgical outcomes between these two groups.

Differential Impact of Exercises on Quality-of-Life Improvement in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of various exercise interventions in enhancing the quality of life for breast cancer survivors. To achieve this, randomized controlled trials were identified from major electronic databases, focusing on the relationship between exercise and quality of life in breast cancer survivors. The primary outcome was the impact of exercise on quality of life 12 weeks after the intervention, with a secondary outcome comparing dropout rates between intervention groups and a regular care control group.

Preliminary outcomes of accelerated partial breast irradiation by interstitial multicatheter brachytherapy with intraoperative free-hand catheter implantation in early breast cancer.

Background: To evaluate the clinical feasibility of interstitial brachytherapy by intraoperative free-hand catheter implantation in the treatment of early breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery (BCS).

Methods: Between January 2018 and December 2019, 44 patients with early breast cancer after BCS who met the inclusion criteria ≥45 years old, invasive carcinoma ≤3 cm or ductal carcinoma in situ <2.5 cm, estrogen receptor positive, lymph node negative, surgical margin negative, no distant metastasis, and an ECOG performance score ≤1 were enrolled in this phase II single-arm study.

Pontisma blauvikense sp. nov. the first member of the early-diverging oomycete genus Pontisma parasitizing brown algae.

Holocarpic oomycetes have been neglected over several decades, until interest in these organisms has recently resurged. One of the most widespread genera of holocarpic oomycetes is Pontisma, parasitic to red seaweeds throughout all oceans. Recently, the genus Sirolpidium (parasitic to green algae) was found to be congeneric with Pontisma.

Comparison of overall survival after neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with early breast cancer with immediate breast reconstruction after mastectomy: A retrospective, matched case-control study.

Immediate breast reconstruction after mastectomy combined with chemotherapy is the preferred option for patients with early-stage breast cancer who require both superior clinical and aesthetic outcomes. The present study aimed to determine the survival benefits of neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with early-stage breast cancer who have undergone immediate breast reconstruction after mastectomy in Taiwan. The present study compared overall survival (OS) following neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy in 139 patients with early-stage breast cancer who underwent immediate breast reconstruction after mastectomy.

Impact of sarcopenia on the prognosis and treatment of lung cancer: an umbrella review.

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Sarcopenia, defined as the loss of muscle mass and function, is known to cause adverse health outcomes. The purpose of this umbrella review was to integrate published systematic reviews and meta-analyses exploring sarcopenia and lung cancer to provide comprehensive knowledge on their relationship.

Analysis of EZH2 Genetic Variants on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Susceptibility and Pathology.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the third most common female cancer in Taiwan. EZH2 plays an important role in cancer development through transcriptional repression by chromatin remodeling. However, the expression of EZH2 in breast cancer is highly correlated with tumorigenesis, and patient survival is not matched to TNBC.

Does suprascapular nerve release provide additional benefits for rotator cuff repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: There is still a lack of consensus regarding whether suprascapular nerve decompression should be routinely performed with rotator cuff repair. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to evaluate whether additional suprascapular nerve release (SSNR) could improve shoulder functional outcomes and pain relief more than rotator cuff repair alone.

Materials And Methods: We performed a literature review of electronic databases for noncomparative and comparative studies investigating the effect of SSNR in patients undergoing rotator cuff repair.

Clinical Outcomes of Neoadjuvant Therapy in Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Breast Cancer Patients: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

(1) Background: Neoadjuvant therapy is widely used to treat locally advanced breast cancer. It has been recently shown that it can also improve the prognosis of patients during the early stages of breast cancer. In the past, advanced breast cancer with positive Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 2 (HER2+) resulted in poor prognoses; however, outcomes have since changed after the introduction of HER2-targeting therapy.

The Effect of Curcumin Differs on Individual Cognitive Domains across Different Patient Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Curcumin is a polyphenol with strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects that has been shown to be effective in ameliorating cognitive decline in animal studies. However, its clinical effectiveness is inconclusive, and relevant gastrointestinal adverse events (AEs) have been reported. The aim of this meta-analysis was to summarize the existing evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of effects of curcumin on overall cognitive function, individual cognitive domains, and gastrointestinal AE.

Upcycling fruit peel waste into a green reductant to reduce graphene oxide for fabricating an electrochemical sensing platform for sulfamethoxazole determination in aquatic environments.

Fruit and vegetable wastes contribute to a substantial proportion of global food waste. While these wastes could potentially be repurposed for a wide range of applications, the majority of them are discarded without effective utilization. To address the current challenges of fruit waste accumulation and sustainable nanomaterial synthesis, natural reductants derived from discarded dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peels are proposed as an alternative to conventional hazardous reductants for graphene-based material synthesis.

Molecular Phylogenetic Diversity and Biological Characterization of Species Associated with Leaf Spots of in Taiwan.

is one of the major crops grown in Taiwan and has been widely cultivated around the island. Tea leaves are prone to various fungal infections, and leaf spot is considered one of the major diseases in Taiwan tea fields. As part of a survey on fungal species causing leaf spots on tea leaves in Taiwan, 19 fungal strains morphologically similar to the genus were collected.

Stemphylium Leaf Blight of Welsh Onion (): An Emerging Disease in Sanxing, Taiwan.

Welsh onion ( L.) is one of the main and oldest vegetable crops grown in Taiwan. A severe epidemic of leaf blight in Welsh onion caused by a -like pathogen was found in Sanxing, Taiwan, from 2018 to 2020.

Capsanthin induces G1/S phase arrest, erlotinib-sensitivity and inhibits tumor progression by suppressing EZH2-mediated epigenetically silencing of p21 in triple-negative breast cancer cells.

Capsanthin is a naturally occurring red pepper carotenoid with possible antitumor activity, but its antitumor mechanisms have yet to be delineated. We tested the anti-proliferative activity of capsanthin with human triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and found that cell proliferation was inhibited after 24, 48 and 72 h of treatment. We also investigated the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the antitumor efficacy of capsanthin on TNBC cells and found that capsanthin delayed cell-cycle progression at the G1/S stage, that cyclin A expression was suppressed, and that p21 expression was upregulated.

Efficacy Of Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin-based Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy In Breast Cancer: A Single Center Experience.

Purpose: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy using a doxorubicin-based regimen has recently become a common therapeutic option for operable breast cancer. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of polyethylene glycol-coated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD)-based chemotherapy for breast cancer in neoadjuvant settings.

Methods: A total of 227 female operable breast cancer patients who were diagnosed between January 2009 and December 2017 and completed neoadjuvant PLD-based chemotherapy were retrospectively included.

Species diversity of Pleosporalean taxa associated with Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze in Taiwan.

Pleosporales species are important plant pathogens, saprobes, and endophytes on a wide range of economically important plant hosts. The classification of Pleosporales has undergone various modifications in recent years due to the addition of many families described from multiple habitats with a high level of morphological deviation. Numerous asexual genera have been described in Pleosporales that can be either hyphomyceteous or coelomycetous.

Cryptic Diversity, Molecular Systematics, and Pathogenicity of Genus and Allied Genera Causing Gray Blight Disease of Tea in Taiwan, With a Description of a New Species.

(L.) O. Kuntze, commonly known as tea, is widely cultivated around the world in tropical and subtropical areas.

The Efficacy of Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin-Based Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Case-Control Study in Taiwan.

Breast cancer is a global issue regarding women's health, and high incident rates remain in the Taiwanese female population. Chemotherapy, using anthracycline-based chemotherapeutic agents in neoadjuvant settings, has been introduced as a promising new therapeutic option for treatment of invasive breast cancer. Set apart from conventional anthracycline regimens such as epirubicin, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (Lipo-Dox®, PLD) was introduced for providing a justifiable treatment effect, while offering a favorable toxicity profile for breast cancer patients in a metastatic setting.