Barriers for continuous medical education: a cross-sectional questionnaire study among Danish GPs.

Background: GPs' participation in continuous medical education (CME) is essential for patient care, GPs' wellbeing, and healthcare expenditure. However, one-quarter of Danish GPs did not use their reimbursement for CME in 2022. Knowledge of barriers for participating in CME is limited.

Exposing the benefits of a pedagogy of partnership in health professions education.

Background: Literature indicates the need to prepare health professionals who are clinically competent and socially conscious. Engagement in community projects, as an extension of workplace learning, can build professional competence and social awareness.

Aim: To interrogate one such engagement; an emergency first aid responder training course was orchestrated by undergraduate students studying Emergency Medical Care.

"We don't need no education" - a qualitative study of barriers to continuous medical education among Danish general practitioners.

Background: Continuous medical education is essential for the individual patient care, the society, and the wellbeing of the general practitioner. There has been research into the reasons for participation in continuous medical education, but little is known about the barriers to participation. To tailor continuous medical education targeting general practitioners who are currently deselecting education, systematic knowledge of the barriers is needed.

How to enhance and assess reflection in specialist training: a mixed method validation study of a new tool for global assessment of reflection ability.

Background: In Danish GP training we had the ambition to enhance and assess global reflection ability, but since we found no appropriate validated method in the literature, we decided to develop a new assessment tool. This tool is based on individual trainee developed mind maps and structured trainer-trainee discussions related to specific complex competencies. We named the tool Global Assessment of Reflection ability (GAR) and conducted a mixed method validation study.

On the transition from a nurse-led hypertension clinic to hypertension control in primary care: identifying barriers to and factors acting against continuous hypertension control.

Many hypertensive patients are not treated to target and hence do not benefit fully from the blood pressure-related improvements in cardiovascular health. Hypertensive patients who had primarily been treated to a target goal in a nurse-led hypertension clinic were re-examined to evaluate whether their target goal blood pressure was maintained after their discharge from the hypertension clinic for further control in primary care, and to evaluate potential barriers to and factors acting against continuous hypertension control. The median observation time was 3.

Cuff size influences blood pressure measurement in obese children and adolescents.

Introduction: Recently, we established that a group of obese children and adolescents had a higher blood pressure (BP) than a healthy control group. In the present study, we investigate whether the higher BP in the obese group was influenced by BP cuff sizes.

Methods: A total of 104 obese patients aged 10-18 years were compared with 50 controls.

Blood pressure variability predicts cardiovascular events independently of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and target organ damage: a LIFE substudy.

Background: Assessment of antihypertensive treatment is normally based on the mean value of a number of blood pressure (BP) measurements. However, it is uncertain whether high in-treatment visit-to-visit BP variability may be harmful in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH).

Methods: In 8505 patients randomized to losartan vs.

Adipocytokines, C-reactive protein, and cardiovascular disease: a population-based prospective study.

Background: Being overweight or obese is associated with a greater risk of coronary heart disease and stroke compared with normal weight. The role of the specific adipose tissue-derived substances, called adipocytokines, in overweight- and obesity-related cardiovascular disease (CVD) is still unclear.

Objective: To investigate the associations of three adipose tissue-derived substances: adiponectin, leptin, and interleukin-6 with incident CVD in a longitudinal population-based study, including extensive adjustments for traditional and metabolic risk factors closely associated with overweight and obesity.

Higher serum concentrations of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide associate with prevalent hypertension whereas lower associate with incident hypertension.

Background: The role of the natriuretic peptides (NPs) in hypertension is complex. Thus, a higher blood NP concentration is a robust marker of pressure-induced cardiac damage in patients with hypertension, whereas genetically elevated NP concentrations are associated with a reduced risk of hypertension and overweight individuals presumably at high risk of hypertension have lower NP concentrations.

Objective: To investigate the associations between serum N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), used as a surrogate marker for active BNP, and prevalent as well as 5-year incident hypertension in a Danish general population sample.

Weight reduction and aortic stiffness in obese children and adolescents: a 1-year follow-up study.

Little is known about the effect of weight reduction on aortic stiffness and especially so in the young. The present study investigates whether weight reduction influences aortic stiffness in obese children and adolescents. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and augmentation index at heart rate 75 (AIx@HR75) were measured in 72 obese patients aged 10-18 years at baseline and after 1-year of lifestyle intervention (follow-up).

[After weight loss a child fits a smaller blood pressure cuff but gets elevated blood pressure].

A ten-year-old boy referred to childhood obesity treatment lost weight after one year of lifestyle intervention to a degree where he was no longer obese. Contrary to anticipated beyond the effect of a normal growth, his clinical blood pressure (BP) was higher after weight loss. This observation was caused by the use of a smaller BP cuff compared to a larger cuff at baseline.

Five-year weight changes associate with blood pressure alterations independent of changes in serum insulin.

Objective: In overweight-related hypertension, the effect of weight changes on blood pressure (BP) is believed to be mediated by insulin. To test this hypothesis, we studied 5-year changes in weight, BP, and insulin in a general population of Danish adults (n = 3443; mean age 45.7 ± 7.

Impact of age and gender on the prevalence and prognostic importance of the metabolic syndrome and its components in Europeans. The MORGAM Prospective Cohort Project.

Objective: To investigate the influence of age and gender on the prevalence and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in Europeans presenting with the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS).

Methods: Using 36 cohorts from the MORGAM-Project with baseline between 1982-1997, 69094 men and women aged 19-78 years, without known CVD, were included. During 12.

Overweight, adipocytokines and hypertension: a prospective population-based study.

Objective: The adipocytokines, leptin, adiponectin, and interleukin-6, which stimulate liver C-reactive protein (CRP) production, are regarded as potential candidate intermediates between adipose tissue and overweight-induced hypertension.

Methods: We examined the associations between leptin, adiponectin, and CRP levels with both prevalent and 5-year incident hypertension (IHT) in a general population of Danish adults (n = 5,868, 51.3% women, mean age 45.

Effect of changes in BMI and waist circumference on ambulatory blood pressure in obese children and adolescents.

Background: Weight reduction has been accompanied with a reduction in clinic blood pressure (BP) in children and adolescents; however, the effect on ambulatory BP (ABP) is uncertain. The objective was to investigate the impact of weight changes on ABP in obese children and adolescents.

Methods: Sixty-one severely obese patients aged 10-18 years underwent lifestyle intervention at the Children's Obesity Clinic.

Obese children and adolescents have elevated nighttime blood pressure independent of insulin resistance and arterial stiffness.

Background: Insulin resistance has been related to elevated blood pressure (BP) in obese children and may adversely affect the vasculature by arterial stiffening. The objective was to investigate whether daytime and nighttime BP were elevated and related to insulin resistance and arterial stiffness in obese children and adolescents.

Methods: Ninety-two obese patients aged 10-18 years were compared with 49 healthy control individuals.

Association between albuminuria, atherosclerotic plaques, elevated pulse wave velocity, age, risk category and prognosis in apparently healthy individuals.

Method: Two thousand and fifty-nine healthy individuals aged 41, 51, 61 and 71 years examined in 1993, were divided in age, SCORE and Framingham risk score (FRS) groups. Subclinical vascular damage (SVD) was defined as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) at least 12 m/s, carotid atherosclerotic plaques or albuminuria defined as urine albumin/creatinine ratio at least 90th percentile of 0.73/1.

Self-reported knowledge and awareness about blood pressure and hypertension: a cross-sectional study of a random sample of men and women aged 60-74 years.

Background: In general, it is assumed that patient education, by increasing knowledge, may change behavior and lifestyle and promote health. In this context, it is a surprise that knowledge and awareness about blood pressure and hypertension among elderly people is poor. We hypothesized that knowledge about blood pressure and hypertension would be better among individuals with self-reported hypertension compared with subjects without self-reported hypertension.

Do other cardiovascular risk factors influence the impact of age on the association between blood pressure and mortality? The MORGAM Project.

Objective: To investigate age-related shifts in the relative importance of SBP and DBP as predictors of cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality and whether these relations are influenced by other cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods: Using 42 cohorts from the MORGAM Project with baseline between 1982 and 1997, 85 772 apparently healthy Europeans and Australians aged 19-78 years were included. During 13.