Non-O Blood Group Is Associated with High Thrombus Burden and Poor Short- and Long-Term Prognosis in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients.

Introduction: This study investigated how non-O blood groups relate to thrombus burden (TB) and prognosis in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients, aiming to shed light on their association with thrombotic complications in cardiovascular diseases.

Methods: Retrospectively, 1,180 STEMI patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention were included. The study population was divided into groups according to TB status and the groups were compared in terms of basic clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters and ABO blood group types.

The predictive value of the HALP score for no-reflow phenomenon and short-term mortality in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

Objective: ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a medical emergency demanding immediate intervention, and primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) is the standard of care for this condition. While PCI has proven highly effective, a subset of patients experience the devastating no-reflow phenomenon, and some face increased short-term mortality. The Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte, and Platelet (HALP) score, a novel biomarker-based tool, has recently surfaced as an innovative predictor of these adverse outcomes.

Effects of Autologous Serum and Platelet-Rich Plasma on Human Corneal Endothelial Cell Regeneration: A Comparative Study.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of autologous serum (AS) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on human corneal endothelial cell (HCEC) proliferation and apoptosis in comparison to Y-27632 as the commonly studied Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) inhibitor.

Methods: The human corneal endothelial primary cell line was used for this study. As the treatment groups, HCECs were incubated with AS, PRP, and Y-27632, whereas the control group received no treatment.

Revisiting Pentacam Parameters in the Diagnosis of Subclinical and Mild Keratoconus Based on Different Grading System Definitions.

Objectives: To retest the performance of Pentacam parameters in the detection of eyes with subclinical keratoconus (KC) and mild KC based on different definitions from the Amsler-Krumeich (AK), Collaborative Longitudinal Evaluation of Keratoconus (CLEK), and ABCD systems.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional university-based study comprised 24 eyes with subclinical KC, 144 eyes with mild KC (based on AK in 101 eyes, CLEK in 28 eyes, and ABCD in 15 eyes), and 70 controls. Diagnostic ability of the thinnest point (TP) pachymetry, KISA% index, inferior-superior asymmetry, corneal aberrations, Pentacam indices, front/back elevations, pachymetric progression index, Ambrósio-Relational Thickness (ARTmax), and Belin/Ambrósio Enhanced Ectasia Display scores (Df, Db, Dp, Dt, Da, and D-final) were evaluated.

The HbA1c/C-Peptide Ratio is Associated With the No-Reflow Phenomenon in Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction.

Currently, the gold standard treatment for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI), but even after successful pPCI, a perfusion disorder in the epicardial coronary arteries, termed no-reflow phenomenon (NR), can develop, resulting in short- and long-term adverse events. The present study assessed the relationship between NR and HbA1c/C-peptide ratio (HCR) in 1834 consecutive patients who underwent pPCI due to STEMI. Participants were divided into two groups according to NR status and the demographic, clinical and periprocedural characteristics of the groups were compared.

Comparative Evaluation of Intermountain Risk Score With Mehran Risk Score for Risk Estimation of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy and Short-Term Mortality in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients.

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) has become one of the most important causes of in-hospital acute renal failure with the increasing use of contrast-mediated imaging tools. This significantly increases the morbidity and mortality of the affected subjects and causes a financial burden on the health system. In this context, prediction of CIN is important and some risk scores have been developed to predict CIN.

The prevalence of keratoconus in northern Poland: A cross-sectional study of patients from a primary healthcare practice.

Introduction: Keratoconus is defined as central and/or paracentral corneal thinning and steepening with consequent irregular astigmatism. To date, no prospective study has reported its prevalence in Central Europe. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of keratoconus assessed with Scheimpflug imaging in a profile of general medicine practice in Poland.

Increased whole blood viscosity is associated with primary idiopathic complete atrioventricular block and poor clinical outcomes in these patients.

Background: Complete atrioventricular block is most commonly caused by age-related degeneration and fibrosis in the cardiac conduction system and is called primary idiopathic complete atrioventricular (iCAVB). Although many factors affect this situation, which increases with age in the cardiac conduction system, the relationship between whole blood viscosity (WBV) and iCAVB has not been clarified until now. In this study, we aim to reveal the relationship between iCAVB and WBV.

A three-dimensional morpho-volumetric similarity study of Down syndrome keratopathy vs. keratoconus.

Background: To compare and contrast morpho-volumetric features between Down syndrome (DS) cornea and non-DS keratoconic cornea by three-dimensional (3D) modelling.

Methods: Forty-three subjects (43 eyes) with DS and 99 patients matching their age and sex (99 eyes) with keratoconus (KC) were included in this single-center cross-sectional study. Main outcome measures were high-order aberrations (HOA), central corneal thickness (CCT), spherical equivalent refraction, and morpho-volumetric parameters established using a 3D corneal model, such as deviation of anterior and posterior corneal apices (D/D) and minimum thickness points (D/D) from corneal vertex, areas of the anterior and posterior surfaces (A/A), sagittal area passing through the anterior and posterior corneal apices (A/A) and minimum thickness point (A) and corneal volume of the complete cornea (V).

To what extent is pregnancy-induced keratoconus progression reversible? A case-report and literature review.

Purpose: This report aims to present a case with pregnancy-induced keratoconus (KC) progression and recovery in topographical parameters after a period from delivery/breastfeeding.

Methods: A 29-year-old woman with bilateral KC experienced progression in maximum keratometry (Kmax; from 47.6 to 48.

Increased epithelial backscatter: A novel finding in subclinical and clinical keratoconus.

Background: To assess alterations in backscatter from the corneal epithelium, anterior stroma and lens surface in eyes with subclinical, mild and moderate keratoconus (KC).

Methods: In this single-centre, cross-sectional study involving 24 eyes with subclinical KC, 107 eyes with manifest KC (mild = 40 and moderate = 67 eyes) and 90 controls, line densitometry was performed with Pentacam (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) to obtain simultaneous backscatter values for the corneal epithelium, anterior stroma and anterior lens surface. Backscatter values and Pentacam parameters were used in subsequent statistical analyses.

Severe Intraocular Inflammation following Hydrophilic Acrylic Phakic Intraocular Lens Implantation in A Case with Concealed History of COVID-19: A Case Report and Literature Review.

: To firstly present management of toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS) and possible postoperative endophthalmitis (POE) after implantation of a new hydrophilic-acrylic posterior chamber (PC) phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) in a case with undeclared history of COVID-19. A 21-year-old male without known disease represented severe anterior chamber inflammation (hypopyon), poor vision and corneal edema without vitreous involvement (TASS) at 24-hours after PC-pIOL implantation for unilateral high myopia (amblyopic). Preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.

Evidence of a Down Syndrome Keratopathy: A Three-Dimensional (3-D) Morphogeometric and Volumetric Analysis.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether a different and abnormal corneal profile is present in Down syndrome (DS) by personalized three-dimensional (3D) modelling. This single-centre cross-sectional study included 43 patients with DS (43 eyes) and 58 age-sex-matched control subjects (58 eyes) with normal karyotype and topography. Refraction, central corneal thickness (CCT), aberrations (high-order, coma and spherical), asphericity and morphogeometric/volumetric parameters based on a 3D corneal model that was generated from raw topographical data were evaluated.

Enhanced Ectasia Screening in Patients with Uveitis and Isolated Systemic Inflammatory Disease.

Purpose: To investigate corneal topographic alterations in patients with uveitis and isolated systemic inflammatory disease (SID).

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 44 patients with uveitis with anterior chamber inflammation (uveitis group), 39 subjects with isolated SID, and 91 healthy controls (control group). Topographic images were classified as "normal," "keratoconus (KC) suspect" and "KC" based on maps of axial curvature, corneal thickness, front and back elevation in combination with Belin/Ambrósio Enhanced Ectasia Display (BAD).

Three-Dimensional Morphogeometric and Volumetric Characterization of Cornea in Pediatric Patients With Early Keratoconus.

Purpose: To present morphogeometric and volumetric characteristics of the cornea and its diagnostic value in pediatric patients with keratoconus (KC) using 3-dimensional (3-D) corneal modeling.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: This single-center (VISSUM Innovation, Alicante, Spain) study comprised 49 eyes of 49 pediatric patients (age ≤16 years) with KC and 31 eyes of 31 healthy pediatric controls.

Accelerated contact lens-assisted corneal crosslinking and piggyback modification in a pediatric case with advanced keratoconus and thin cornea.

A 14-year-old girl presented with bilateral keratoconus (KC). Maximum keratometry was 63.9 diopters (D) in the right eye and 63.

Diagnostic Value of Corneal Epithelial and Stromal Thickness Distribution Profiles in Forme Fruste Keratoconus and Subclinical Keratoconus.

Purpose: To assess the diagnostic values of corneal epithelial and stromal thickness distribution characteristics in forme fruste keratoconus (FFKC) and subclinical keratoconus (KC).

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at VISSUM Innovation and Miguel Hernandez University, Alicante, Spain. Twenty-seven eyes (27 subjects) with FFKC, 50 eyes (50 subjects) with subclinical KC with a best spectacle corrected distance visual acuity ≥20/20 (Snellen) (grade zero KC according to the Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud classification), and 66 control eyes (66 subjects) were included.

Corneal transplantation outcomes after the extrusion of an intrastromal keratoprosthesis: a pilot study.

This short report includes 5 eyes of 5 patients (mean age 63.2 ± 12 years) who underwent a tectonic keratoplasty [deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) or penetrating keratoplasty (PK)] in order to rehabilitate the eye after the extrusion of the non-perforating keratoprosthesis (Kpro) KeraKlear (KeraMed, USA). The non-perforating Kpro was extruded after a mean period of 21.

Subclinical keratoconus detection with three-dimensional (3-D) morphogeometric and volumetric analysis.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy of morphogeometric and volumetric characterization of the cornea based on three-dimensional (3-D) modelling in diagnosis of subclinical keratoconus (KC).

Methods: Cross-sectional study. Ninety-three eyes with subclinical KC with a best spectacle-corrected distance visual acuity ≥20/20 (grade zero KC according to the RETICS classification) and 109 control eyes were included.

Oxidative Stress and Genotoxicity in Pterygium: A Systemic Investigation.

Objectives: To perform a systemic investigation on oxidative stress and DNA damage in patients with primary pterygium.

Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study included 32 patients with primary pterygium (60.1±2.

Early retinal neurodegeneration in preclinical diabetic retinopathy: a multifactorial investigation.

Background/objectives: To investigate effects of microalbuminuria (MA), diabetes duration, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level, hypertension (HT) and/or hyperlipidaemia (HL) coexistence on retinal layers in diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy (DR) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Subjects/methods: This cross-sectional study involved 95 (45 had MA and 50 had no MA) patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) without DR and 91 age- and gender-matched non-diabetic controls. Macular and peripapillary SD-OCT measurements (Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany), DM duration, HbA1c levels and presence of HT and/or HL were used for statistical analyses.

Effect of microalbuminuria on corneal endothelium in patients with diabetes without retinopathy.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of microalbuminuria on corneal endothelium in patients with diabetes without retinopathy.

Methods: This cross-sectional study comprised 100 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) without diabetic retinopathy and 92 control subjects without diabetes. Forty-five patients had microalbuminuria and 55 subjects were microalbuminuria negative.