Primary Synovial Sarcoma of the Thyroid: Challenges in Cytologic Diagnosis and Review of the Literature.

Background: Primary synovial sarcoma (SS) of the thyroid (PSST) is extremely rare. Its differential diagnosis from other neoplasms is essential since it has different management protocols and prognosis.

Case: A 26-year-old man with a 4.

Laryngeal cytology: A cytological, histological, P16 and human papillomavirus study.

Background: Invasive diagnostic methods, such as punch biopsies, have a potential to produce undesirable side effects in the larynx, such as scarring and vocal dysfunction. This study is an attempt to assess the diagnostic potential of cytology to efficiently diagnose premalignant and malignant laryngeal lesions, while sparing patients the risk of complications of punch biopsies.

Methods: Laryngeal smears, using endocervical-type brushes, and punch biopsies were procured from each patient.

Perspectives on signet ring stromal cell tumor and related signet ring cell lesions of the gonads.

In this article, we discuss advances in our knowledge of the pathology of signet ring stromal cell tumor and related signet ring cell lesions of the ovary and a single case of signet ring stromal cell tumor of the testis. We divide ovarian signet ring cell lesions into 3 categories that reflect differences in their pathogenesis and histologic appearance. With 1 exception, all authentic cases of signet ring stromal cell tumor have been unilateral.

Signet ring stromal cell tumor revisited and related signet ring cell lesions of the ovary.

In this article, we revisit the first reported case of ovarian signet ring stromal cell tumor (SRSCT) using modern immunohistochemical techniques and compare it to a case of signet ring cell transformation of lutein cells in an ovarian stromal tumor having components of luteinized thecoma and sclerosing stromal tumor. We introduce a new classification of signet ring stromal cell lesions of the ovary that serves as a framework to distinguish pathogenetically distinct ovarian stromal lesions that may be confused with cases of true SRSCT. The SRSCT in our first case most likely arose directly from the ovarian stroma without an identifiable precursor neoplasm.

Primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenoma with a sarcoma-like mural nodule: an immunohistochemical study with histogenetic considerations and literature review.

Primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenomas (PRMCs) are extremely rare tumors and their association with sarcoma-like mural nodules (SLMNs) has not been described thoroughly. The aim of this study is to characterize the gross and microscopic features and the immunohistochemical profile of the first case of PRMC with SLMN and to discuss the differential diagnosis of SLMNs. The literature related to primary retroperitoneal mucinous tumors is reviewed in an attempt to clarify the histogenesis of the epithelial and sarcomatoid components of the associated mural nodules.

Reduced annexin II protein expression in high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and prostate cancer.

Context: Annexin II is a calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein that plays a role in many cellular functions, including apoptosis, signal transduction, and cellular motility. The protein is strongly expressed in normal prostatic epithelial glands, but its expression in benign prostatic lesions has not been reported. Although commonly underexpressed in prostate cancer, the association of reduced expression with pathologic grade and stage is unknown.

Intraoperative consultation in gynecologic pathology.

Context: Gynecologic specimens are commonly submitted for intraoperative consultation, primarily to confirm the presence and histologic type of malignancy, as well as to determine the adequacy of resection by examining the surgical margins.

Objective: To review and discuss the application, indications, contraindications, and limitations of intraoperative consultation regarding gynecologic specimens, as well as the causes of false-positive or false-negative frozen section results.

Data Sources: Review of the pertinent literature and the authors' expertise and experience.

Thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy in children and adolescents: experience with 218 aspirates.

To evaluate the role of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy of thyroid nodules in pediatric and adolescent patients, the cytology reports of 218 thyroid FNA biopsies performed on children and adolescents ranging from 10 to 21 yr of age were reviewed. The cytology diagnoses were categorized into four groups: unsatisfactory, benign, suspicious, and malignant. One hundred nineteen (54%) of the aspirates were diagnosed as "benign," 20 (9%) were diagnosed as suspicious for malignancy; and 17 (8%) were diagnosed as malignant.

Cytological diagnosis of endocrine tumors of the pancreas by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) in the diagnosis of pancreatic endocrine tumors and to analyze their cytomorphology. Between March 1999 and June 2004, a total of 30 patients with a cytological diagnosis of pancreatic endocrine tumors were found. Their records were retrieved and the cytological materials were analyzed.

The utility of p16INK4a and Ki-67 staining on cell blocks prepared from residual thin-layer cervicovaginal material.

Background: Cell blocks can be prepared from residual thin-layer cervicovaginal (ThinPrep) material and can be used in immunohistochemical staining assays for p16INK4a and Ki-67, which are surrogate markers related to human papillomavirus infection and cell proliferation, respectively. The objectives of the current study were 1) to investigate the feasibility and the role of cell block preparations in identifying significant neoplastic and preneoplastic lesions of the uterine cervix and 2) to assess the feasibility of using p16INK4a and Ki-67 immunohistochemical staining patterns on cell blocks to identify significant preneoplastic cervical lesions.

Methods: Cervicovaginal cytology specimens from 85 patients were analyzed.

Glandular lesions of the cervix on thin-layer Pap tests. Validity of cytologic criteria used in identifying significant lesions.

Objective: To determine the cytologic features that are most helpful in characterizing significant glandular lesions of the cervix observed on the ThinPrep (TP) Pap test (Cytyc Corp., Boxborough, Massachusetts, U.S.

Large B-cell lymphomas: fine-needle aspiration plays an important role in initial diagnosis of cases which are falsely negative by flow cytometry.

Large B-cell lymphomas (LBCLs) have significant false-negative results when immunophenotyped by flow cytometry (FC). To clarify the role fine-needle aspiration (FNA) in reducing this false-negative rate, 28 cases ultimately diagnosed as LBCL that had FNA as part of the workup and a negative FC were identified. We examined their clinical and cytologic features, in comparison with cases of LBCL with FNAs that were positive by FC.

Parathyroid cytology: avoiding diagnostic pitfalls.

Background: Interpretation of parathyroid fine-needle aspirates (FNA) remains problematic not only because this type of specimen is rare but also because the pertinent literature is very limited. We systematically reviewed parathyroid FNAs in our files and sought to delineate additional diagnostic criteria.

Design: Review of all thyroid and parathyroid aspirates from January 1990 to June 1998 disclosed 12 parathyroid lesions.

Transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis the diagnostic role of pelvic washings.

One hundred renal pelvic washings were reviewed blindly for 12 cytologic features. Of 52 washings with tissue confirmation, the cytologic diagnosis suggestive of or positive for transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) was made in 36 cases; 11 were negative, and 5 were unsatisfactory. Of 36 positive washings, histology confirmed the TCC diagnosis in 35 but revealed only reactive changes in 1.