Risk factors associated with the reported scores on the symptoms severity and functional limitations scales of the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire: a cross-sectional study.

Unlabelled: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy. It presents with numbness, paresthesias, and pain. Multiple risk factors are associated with CTS, such as pregnancy, oral contraceptive use, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and diabetes mellitus (DM).

Red Cell Alloimmunization in Repeatedly Transfused Sudanese Patients with leukemia in Northern Sudan.

Background: Leukemia frequently causes anemia; thus patients need products containing normal blood or RBCs for treatment. Anti-red blood cell alloantibody formation is still a critical challenge in transfusion.

Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate RBC alloantibodies in Sudanese leukemia patients who receive multiple blood transfusions at the cancer center in Dongola and Maroyee, Northern Sudan.

TNF-α-308A allele Carrier Induced to Development of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia in Sudanese Population at Earlier Age.

Background: several studies have been performed to investigate the association of TNF-α-308G>ASNP and CLL susceptibility However, the results are inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate the association between TNF-α-308G>ASNP of the TNF-α gene and CLL risk in the Sudanese population and correlated genotypes with clinicopathological features.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted in Khartoum state, during the period from April 2017 to April 2018, involved 110 CLL patients and 50 healthy volunteers.

The SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies, Their Diagnostic Utility, and Their Potential for Vaccine Development.

Antibodies (Abs) are important immune mediators and powerful diagnostic markers in a wide range of infectious diseases. Understanding the humoral immunity or the development of effective antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 is a prerequisite for limiting disease burden in the community and aids in the development of new diagnostic, therapeutic, and vaccination options. Accordingly, the role of antiviral antibodies in the resistance to and diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection was explored.

Association of TNF-α rs1800629 with Adult Acute B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

TNF−α influences lymphomagenesis by upregulating proinflammatory and antiapoptotic pathways. In this study, we evaluated the frequency of TNF−α rs1800629 (−308 G>A) polymorphism in newly diagnosed adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and its correlation with age at diagnosis, gender and subtype of ALL. In this case control study, a total of 330 individuals were recruited, including 165 newly diagnosed adult patients with ALL, from the Radiation and Isotope Center in Khartoum (RICK) and 165 healthy normal controls.

Pharmacological testing of therapeutics using normothermic machine perfusion: A pilot study of 2,4-dinitrophenol delivery to steatotic human livers.

Introduction: Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) provides a platform for drug-delivery. However, pharmacological considerations for therapeutics delivered during NMP are scarcely reported. We aimed to demonstrate the ability of NMP as a platform for pharmacological testing, using a drug which increases metabolism (2,4-dinitrophenol; DNP) as an example therapeutic.

Multi-factorial Mechanism Behind COVID-19 Related Thrombosis.

Background: Thrombosis plays a crucial role in the morbidity and mortality of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). About one-third of COVID-19 patients experience a thrombotic event, most commonly pulmonary embolism. Based on published data, the mechanism of thrombosis in COVID-19 patients seems to be multi-factorial.

Increased Risk of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Adult Patients with GSTM1 Null Genetic Polymorphism.

Purpose: Glutathione S-transferases (GSTT1 and GSTM1) detoxify various endogenous and exogenous compounds and provide cytoprotective role against reactive species. This study aimed to assess the frequency of , and polymorphisms in newly diagnosed Sudanese adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and to evaluate the association of these polymorphisms with age, gender and type of ALL.

Patients And Methods: This case-control study included 128 adult Sudanese, untreated newly diagnosed patients with ALL, aged 18 to 74 years and 128 age-gender matched healthy controls.

Assessment of risk factors for deep vein thrombosis associated with natural anticoagulants and fibrinolytic regulatory proteins.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a critical condition and a potential cause of mortality and morbidity in Africa and worldwide with a high recurrence rate. The study was designed to assess the roles of natural anticoagulants and fibrinolytic regulatory factors in the development of DVT in Sudanese patients. A case-control study was conducted in Omdurman Teaching Hospital, Khartoum State over a period of 1 year.

Combined GSTT1 Null, GSTM1 Null and XPD Lys/Lys Genetic Polymorphisms and Their Association with Increased Risk of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

Purpose: Glutathione -transferases (GSTT1 and GSTM1) are instrumental in detoxification process of activated carcinogens. Nucleotide excision repair is carried out by DNA helicase encoded by xeroderma pigmentosum group D (XPD) genes and aberrations in the gene predisposes to increased risk of cancer. The present study aimed to investigate GSTT1, GSTM1 and XPD polymorphisms in newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients and to examine the association of these polymorphisms with the risk of developing CML.

Conformation sensitive gel electrophoresis for the detection of calreticulin mutations in BCR-ABL1-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms.

Introduction: Calreticulin (CALR) mutations in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) have been reported to be key markers in the molecular diagnosis, particularly in patients lacking JAK2 V617F mutation. In most current reports, CALR mutations were analysed by either allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR), or the more expensive quantitative real-time PCR, pyrosequencing and next-generation sequencing. Hence, we report the use of an alternative method, the conformation sensitive gel electrophoresis (CSGE) for the detection of CALR mutations in BCR-ABL1-negative MPN patients.

Too Fat for Transplant? The Impact of Recipient BMI on Pancreas Transplant Outcomes.

Background: In many transplant centers, a recipient body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m2 would be considered a contraindication for pancreas transplantation. This study aims to investigate the impact of recipient BMI on graft outcomes after pancreas transplantation.

Methods: Retrospective data on all UK solid organ pancreas transplants from 1994 to 2016 were obtained from the National Health Service Blood and Transplant UK Transplant Registry, n = 2618.

Novel delivery of cellular therapy to reduce ischemia reperfusion injury in kidney transplantation.

Ex vivo normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) of donor kidneys prior to transplantation provides a platform for direct delivery of cellular therapeutics to optimize organ quality prior to transplantation. Multipotent Adult Progenitor Cells (MAPC ) possess potent immunomodulatory properties that could minimize ischemia reperfusion injury. We investigated the potential capability of MAPC cells in kidney NMP.

Dual MicroRNA Blockade Increases Expression of Antioxidant Protective Proteins: Implications for Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs which each cause repression of many target genes. Previous work has demonstrated that therapeutic blockade of single miRNAs is possible. miR-24-3p and miR-145-5p are reported to have a detrimental role in ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Hypothermic machine perfusion is superior to static cold storage in deceased donor kidney transplantation: A meta-analysis.

Background: There remains a lack of consensus on the optimal storage method for deceased donor kidneys. This meta-analysis compares storage with hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) vs traditional static cold storage (SCS).

Methods: The Cochrane Kidney and Transplant Specialised Register was searched to identify (quasi-) randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to include in our meta-analysis.

Molecular epidemiology of malaria parasite amongst patients in a displaced people's camp in Sudan.

Background: Despite the importance of epidemiological studies in the development of effective control strategies and provision of basic health services for refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs), data on the prevalence of malaria are limited. Thus, this study was conducted to estimate the molecular prevalence of malaria amongst the displaced population in Ardamata IDP camp in Al-Geneina City, Sudan.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2018 to December 2018 to estimate malaria prevalence amongst the displaced population in Ardamata IDP camp in Al-Geneina City, Sudan.

Alpha-hemoglobin-stabilizing protein (AHSP): a modulatory factor in β-thalassemia.

Hemoglobin (Hb) is an iron-containing metalloprotein that transports oxygen molecules from the lungs to the rest of the human body. Among the different variants of Hb, HbA1 is the most common and is composed of two alpha (αHb) and two beta globin chains (βHb) constructing a heterotetrameric protein complex (αβ). Due to the higher number of AHSP genes, there is a tendency to produce approximately twice as much of α subunit as β subunit.

Interleukin-10 (1082G/A) Polymorphism is Associated with Susceptibility of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients in Sudanese Population.

Background: Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a multifunctional cytokine with both immunosuppressive and antiangiogenicfunctions and may have both tumor-promoting and -inhibiting properties. We examined the association between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in IL-10 -1082G/A (rs1800896) in Sudanese acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients and to assess the association between polymorphisms in IL-10 -1082G/A (rs1800896) and the hematological profile in Sudanese patients with AML. Methods: A total of 30 patients with acute myeloid leukemia and 30 control subjects were enrolled in this study.

TP53 Gene 72 Arg/Pro (rs1042522) Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Contribute to Increase the Risk of B-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia in the Sudanese Population.

Objective: This study aimed at exploring the association of TP53 72Arg/Pro polymorphism and Risk of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and to assess the correlation between TP53 72Arg/Pro polymorphism and clinical parameter, hematological profile and some biological prognostic markers among Sudanese patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in Khartoum state, Sudan, during the period from April 2017 to April 2018, involved 110 B-CLL patients and 80 healthy volunteers as a control group. Physical examination, Complete Blood Count and Immunophenotype were performed in all patients to confirm the diagnosis.

Combined analysis of ZAP-70 and CD38 expression in sudanese patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Objective: To investigate the ZAP-70 and CD38 expressions and their combined expressions in Sudanese B-CLL patients and their relationships with clinical and hematological characteristics as well as the disease staging at presentation.

Results: In the present cross-sectional descriptive study, analysis of ZAP-70 expression showed that 36/110 (32.7%) patients positively expressed ZAP-70 and insignificant higher presentation in intermediate and at advanced stages as well as no correlation was seen with hematological parameters and clinical features compared with negatively ZAP-70, on the other hand, 41/110 (37.

Clinical presentation and hematological profile among young and old chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients in Sudan.

Objective: To assess the clinical presentation and hematological profile among young (≤ 55 years) and old (> 55 years) chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients in Sudan.

Result: In the present cross-sectional descriptive study, out of 110 cases studied, among them 31 (28.2%) were young (≤ 55 years) patients with mean age 48 years, and 79 (71.

Polycythaemia Vera among Sudanese Patients with Special Emphasis on JAK2 Mutations.

Background: In recent years, a somatic point mutation in the Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2) gene (1849 G→T, V617F) has been reported to occur in over 90% of patients with polycythemia vera (PV). Another JAK2 mutation in exon 12 had been described and shown capable of activating erythropoietin signaling pathways. Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine the frequency of Jak2 mutations (JAK2V617F and JAK2 exon 12) as well as their relationships with hematological parameters in Sudanese patients with myeloproliferative disorders (MPD).

UK registry analysis of donor substance misuse and outcomes following pancreas transplantation.

Substance abuse is unfortunately common in organ donors. Often, these organs are declined for transplant, not only because of concerns around blood-borne virus transmission but also because of perceived poor outcomes. In kidney transplantation, previous studies have demonstrated donor smoking status significantly impacts transplant outcome, but intravenous drug use or alcohol dependence does not.