Exosomes, extracellular vesicles (EVs) with an average size of 50-150 nm, transfer various biomolecules and exchange signaling molecules between cells in a paracrine manner. Molecular investigations have revealed that EVs can reflect real-time metabolic changes in normal- and cancer-origin cells and thus harbor valid diagnostic biomarkers. Despite these advantages, the detection of low concentrations of cancer cell EVs in biological fluids is still a great challenge.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, a fast, reproducible and simple-to-apply a new potentiometric determination method was developed for the evaluation of iron (III) reducing power (FRAP), one of the antioxidant capacity tests. For this purpose, an all-solid-state contact iron (III)-selective poly vinyl chloride (PVC) membrane electrode (FRAP-PME) has been developed. In the structure of the developed polymeric membrane electrode (PME), Fe(II)-quercetin compound was used as the active ingredient.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA green, environmentally friendly protocol was developed for ultrasensitive and highly specific recognition of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) based on the ECL effect of luminol supported by chitosan-silver nanoparticles (CS/AgNPs) nanocomposites. The transducing surface was fabricated through two consecutive electrodeposition steps of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and chitosan (CS)-AgNPs-luminol electrochemiluminophore onto the glassy carbon electrode. In addition to an appropriate desirable biocompatibility, the electrochemical synthesis presents low-cost preparation and ultrafast determination opportunity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe tumor microenvironment consists of a multiplicity of cells such as cancer cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells within the specific parenchyma. It has been indicated that cancer cells can educate other cells within the tumor niche in a paracrine manner by the release of nano-sized extracellular vesicles namely exosomes (Exo), resulting in accelerated tumor mass growth. It is suggested that exosomal cargo with remarkable information can reflect any changes in metabolic and proteomic profiles in parent tumor cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF(1) Background: The standard treatment for periodontal disease, a chronic inflammatory state caused by the interaction between biofilms generated by organized oral bacteria and the local host defense response, consists of calculus and biofilm removal through mechanical debridement, associated with antimicrobial therapy that could be delivered either systemically or locally. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a hyaluronic acid membrane matrix as a carrier for the controlled release of the active compounds of a formulation proposed as a topical treatment for periodontal disease, and the influence of pH on the complex system's stability. (2) Methods: The obtained hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel membrane with dispersed melatonin (MEL), metronidazole (MZ), and tetracycline (T) was completely characterized through FTIR, XRD, thermal analysis, UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence microscopy, zeta potential and dielectric analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAs third generation feedstock, microalgae are microorganisms that can grow only in the optimum conditions. There are parameters including the concentration of macro and microelements in nutrient solution, pH, temperature and light intensity that have significant impact on microalgal growth. In recent years, various sensing devices have been developed for sensitive measurement of these parameters during microalgal growth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeveral fundamentally similar, miniaturized solid-state reference electrode designs, and their fabrication and comparison are described in this article. All electrodes were based on Ag/AgCl as their reference element. The best electrode (a three-layer assembly with graphite oxide, epoxy, and hardener as the framework providers and with well-mixed micro-Ag particles in the bottom layer, AgCl in the middle layer, and fine KCl powder in the top layer) exhibited satisfactory short-term performance to replace a commercial reference electrode in many cases and was rigorously tested in terms of pH response, long-term leakage, and the effect of oxygen to better evaluate its characteristics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExcess nitrogen in the body is converted to urea in the liver, and urea is disposed as a waste product in urine. Urea concentration can change in body fluids such as blood due to the presence of certain disorders. Therefore, the determination of urea is of high importance in various areas including medical diagnosis, as well as food quality control and environmental monitoring.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroalgae cultivation for exopolysaccharide production has getting more attention as a result of their high hydrocarbon biosynthesis skill. The aim of this study is to examine the exopolysaccharide production potential of different species of microalgae. In this context, exopolysaccharides were produced from Chlorella minutissima, Chlorella sorokiniana and Botryococcus braunii microalgae and the effects of carbon and nitrogen content in the growth medium and illumination time on exopolysaccharide production were analyzed statistically using Box-Behnken experimental design.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKnee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic multifactorial pathology and a current and essential challenge for public health, with a negative impact on the geriatric patient's quality of life. The pathophysiology is not fully known; therefore, no specific treatment has been found to date. The increase in the number of newly diagnosed cases of KOA is worrying, and it is essential to reduce the risk factors and detect those with a protective role in this context.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUltrasensitive monitoring of cancer cells, especially metastatic ones, has a great interest in human medicine. Despite the early diagnosis of diseases, there is an essential need for any prediction in the severity of side effects for therapeutic outcomes like metastasis. Therefore, the inhibition of cancer cells metastasis to other organs is of utmost importance for cancer suffering patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe preparation of membranes from polymer solutions by the phase inversion method, the immersion-precipitation technique has proved since the beginning of obtaining technological membranes the most versatile and simple possibility to create polymeric membrane nanostructures. Classically, the phase inversion technique involves four essential steps: Preparation of a polymer solution in the desired solvent, the formation of the polymer solution film on a flat support, the immersion of the film in a coagulation bath containing polymer solvents, and membrane conditioning. All phase inversion stages are important for the prepared membrane's nanostructure and have been studied in detail for more than six decades.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this work, we proposed a new wireless sensor to contribute to research aimed at continuous monitoring of nitrate and ammonium in water, which as leading agents of water pollution have become the source of a serious problem today. In this research, a well-implemented application of an electroanalytical sensor was achieved by combining it with the internet of things (IoT) concept, which is the most modern technique for wireless data collection. We developed a portable IoT system and ion-selective nitrate and ammonium electrodes and monitored the nitrate and ammonium levels of the water online.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSince the specific proteins (carbohydrate antigens, ligands and interleukins) get raised up in body tissue or fluids in cancer cases, early detection of them will provide an effective treatment and survival rate. Sensitive and accurate determination of multiple cancer proteins can be engaged in chorus by simultaneous/multiplex detection in the biomedical fields. Bioassaying technology is one of the non-invasive, high-sensitive, and economical methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: The present study aimed to assess the eighteen month follow-up patient-centered outcomes of a simple and predictable protocol for 3D-printed functional complete dentures manufactured using an improved poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-nanoTiO. A detailed morphological and structural characterization of the PMMA-TiO nanocomposite, using SEM, EDX, XRD, and AFM, after 3D-printing procedure and post-wearing micro-CT, was also performed.
Methods: A total of 35 fully edentulous patients were enrolled in this prospective study.
There is an increased interest in recycling valuable waste materials for usage in procedures with high added values. Silica microparticles are involved in the processes of catalysis, separation, immobilization of complexants, biologically active compounds, and different nanospecies, responding to restrictive requirements for selectivity of various chemical and biochemical processes. This paper presents the surface modification of accessible and dimensionally controlled recycled silica microfiber with titanium dioxide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe detection of thrombin by using CdS nanocrystals (CdS NCs), gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and luminol is investigated in this work. Thrombin is detected by three methods. One is called the quenching method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis review (with 118 refs.) discusses the progress made in electroanalytical methods based on the use of organic and inorganic nanomaterials for the determination of bacteria, specifically of E. coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus, Mycobacterium, Listeria and Klebsiella species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe polymer-inorganic nanoparticles composite membranes are the latest solutions for multiple physicochemical resistance and selectivity requirements of membrane processes. This paper presents the production of polysulfone-silica microfiber grafted with titanium dioxide nanoparticles (PSf-SiO-TiO) composite membranes. Silica microfiber of length 150-200 μm and diameter 12-15 μm were grafted with titanium dioxide nanoparticles, which aggregated as microspheres of 1-3 μm, applying the sol-gel method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSilver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) were green synthesized at room temperature using different concentrations of the Thymbra spicata L. var. spicata (Zahter) aqueous leaf extracts for the first time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA series of sodium selective membranes with magnetic nano-inclusions using p-tertbutyl calix[4]arene as ionophore and polymeric matrix (polyvinyl chloride) have been developed, and the corresponding sodium selective sensors were obtained for the first time. A linear range was registered between 3.1 × 10 and 10moldm and near Nernstian electrochemical answer: 55.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArtif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol
June 2018
In this article, aldehyde derivative of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was synthesized directly with sodium periodate agent. To obtain a conjugate which possesses better stability, PEG aldehyde was bonded to native enzyme with different molar ratios. The conjugation reaction turned out to be efficient and mild.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA microliter dead-volume flow-through cell as a potentiometric detector is described in this article for sensitive, selective and simultaneous detection of common monovalent anions and cations in single column ion chromatography for the first time. The detection cell consisted of less selective anion- and cation-selective composite membrane electrodes together with a solid-state composite matrix reference electrode. The simultaneous separation and sensitive detection of sodium (Na(+)), potassium (K(+)), ammonium (NH4 (+)), chloride (Cl(-)) and nitrate (NO3 (-)) in a single run was achieved by using 98% 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPostepy Kardiol Interwencyjnej
December 2015
Introduction: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is still one of the most common causes of death worldwide. In recent years, for diagnosis of myocardial ischemia, a new parameter, called ischemia modified albumin (IMA), which is thought to be more advantageous than common methods, has been researched.
Aim: In this study, systematic analysis of parameters considered to be related to myocardial ischemia has been performed, comparing between control and myocardial ischemia groups.