Prenatal SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Exposure Induces Autism-Like Neurobehavioral Changes in Male Neonatal Rats.

Recent research on placental, embryo, and brain organoids suggests that the COVID-19 virus may potentially affect embryonic organs, including the brain. Given the established link between SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and neuroinflammation, we sought to investigate the effects of exposure to this protein during pregnancy. We divided pregnant rats into three groups: Group 1 received a 1 ml/kg saline solution, Group 2 received 150 μg/kg adjuvant aluminum hydroxide (AAH), and Group 3 received 40 μg/kg spike protein + 150 μg/kg AAH at 10 and 14 days of gestation.

Assessment of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Parameters and Coefficient of Variance in Discrimination of Receptor Status and Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the diagnostic power of apparent diffusion coefficient/coefficient of variance (ADCcV) as well as ADC parameters formed based on magnetic resonance images (MRI) in the distinction of molecular breast cancer subtypes.

Methods: The study involved 205 patients who had breast cancer at stages 1-3. Estrogen receptor (EsR), progesterone receptor (PrR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2), and proliferation index (Ki-67) were histologically analyzed in the tumor.

Demonstration of ameliorating effect of papaverine in sepsis-induced acute lung injury on rat model through radiology and histology.

Background: Our target was to show the role of high mobility group box-1/receptor for (HMGB1/RAGE) interaction in feces intraperitoneal injection procedure (FIP)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) pathophysiology, to investigate the effect of papaverine on RAGE associated NF-κB pathway by determining the level of soluble RAGE (sRAGE) and HMGB1, and to support this hypothesis by evaluating inflammatory biochemical, oxidative stress markers, Hounsfield unit (HU) value in computed tomography (CT), and histo-pathological results.

Methods: FIP was performed on 37 Wistar rats for creating a sepsis-induced ALI model. The animals were assigned into four groups as follows: Normal control (no treatment), placebo (FIP and saline), and receiving 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg per day papaverine.

Reparative, Neuroprotective and Anti-neurodegenerative Effects of Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor in Radiation-Induced Brain Injury Model.

Objective: This animal model aimed to compare the rat group that received brain irradiation and did not receive additional treatment (only saline) and the rat group that underwent brain irradiation and received Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatment. In addition, the effects of G-CSF on brain functions were examined by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and histopathologically.

Methods: This study used 24 female Wistar albino rats.

Chronic disseminated intravascular coagulation in a patient with Takayasu arteritis.

Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a large-vessel vasculitis that predominantly affects the aorta and although it usually causes stenosis, aneurysms have been reported in ∼10-25% of the patients. Here, we present a male TA patient with chronic disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) as a rare complication of endovascular grafted aortic aneurysm (AA). Chronic DIC usually presents as mild or even hidden clinical symptoms, and early diagnosis of this condition can only be possible with laboratory tests.

Vitamins C and E protect from sepsis-induced lung damage in rat and CT correlation.

Background: Sepsis is one of the leading causes of death in intensive care units worldwide. Vitamins C and E are natural antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents. Suppressing the inflammation is an important treatment target because it plays a role in the pathophysiology of sepsis.

Demonstration of ameliorating effect of vardenafil through its anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties in autism spectrum disorder induced by propionic acid on rat model.

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with complex etiology. In this study, we aimed to determine the ameliorating effects of vardenafil in the ASD rat model induced by propionic acid (PPA) in terms of neurobehavioral changes and also support these effects with histopathological changes, brain biochemical analysis and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) findings.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-one male rats were randomly assigned into three groups.

What are the main factors affecting the outcome of tocilizumab therapy in COVID-19-induced cytokine release syndrome?

Objective: Recommendations for the treatment of cytokine release syndrome/macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) associated with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) are still of poor quality. IL-6 is an important therapeutic target as a main mediator of cytokine storm. The aim of our study was to evaluate the tocilizumab (TCZ) efficacy and factors affecting the therapy outcome.

Effects of flexible ureteroscopy on renal blood flow: a prospective evaluation.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of flexible ureteroscopy (F-URS) on renal blood flow using renal Doppler ultrasound (US).

Materials And Method: Patients undergoing F-URS were scheduled for Doppler US preoperatively and postoperatively. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) were reported.