Pelvic exenteration and composite sacral resection in the surgical treatment of locally recurrent rectal cancer.

Background: The incidence of rectal cancer recurrence after surgery is 5-45%. Extended pelvic resection which entails En-bloc resection of the tumor and adjacent involved organs provides the only true possible curative option for patients with locally recurrent rectal cancer.

Aim: To evaluate the surgical and oncological outcome of such treatment.

When would we advocate a total thyroidectomy in cases of hypopharyngeal carcinoma?

Background And Aim: The incidence of invasion of the thyroid gland by hypopharyngeal carcinomas is reported to be up to 57%. Our aim was to analyze the frequency of thyroid gland invasion in hypopharyngeal carcinoma treated by thyroidectomy with total laryngopharyngectomy and to identify patients in whom preservation of the thyroid gland is oncologically feasible and hence reduces post-operative hypothyroidism.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 58 patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma treated by thyroidectomy with total laryngopharyngectomy at the National Cancer Institute, Cairo University between May 1996 and October 2005.

Outcome of fertility preserving surgery in early stage ovarian cancer.

Aim: To assess the role of fertility preserving surgery in treatment of patients with stage IA, G1 or G2 ovarian carcinoma without adjuvant chemotherapy.

Patients And Methods: From 2006 to 2008, a prospective non-randomized study recruited 150 women, with suspicious early malignant ovarian mass.

Results: Among the 150 explored patients, only 43 (28.

Breast cancer laterality among Egyptian patients and its association with treatments and survival.

Background And Aim: Breast cancers (BCs) involve the left side (LS) more than the right side (RS). Among the Egyptians, neither BC laterality nor its association with demographic factors, tumor locations, treatments and outcomes were previously reported.

Patients And Methods: Laterality was analyzed among 5459 BCs from the Gharbiah population-based cancer registry covering >5% of the Egyptian population.

Distribution of axillary lymph node metastases in different levels and groups in breast cancer, a pathological study.

Background: It was observed during dissection of heavy deposits of axillary lymph nodes (LNs) in breast cancer that there were grossly positive LNs outside the confines of classical axillary dissection.

Aim Of Study: To know the extent of LN metastases in these new basins by dissecting and labeling them separately, for pathological examination and proper staging of those patients.

Patients And Methods: From 2005 to 2009, 59 private patients with breast cancer who had positive axillary LNs were subjected to axillary dissection with accurate leveling according to its relation to pectoralis minor.

Delayed Cystectomy for T1G3 Transitional Cell Carcinoma (TCC) of the Urinary Bladder, NCI Retrospective Case Series.

Aim: We aim to evaluate the National Cancer Institute (NCI) treatment protocol and its outcome regarding recurrence, progression and survival in patients with T1G3 urinary bladder transitional cell carcinoma.

Patients And Methods: In a retrospective study, between January 2001 and December 2007, all 34 patients with T1G3 bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), after complete transurethral resection (TURBT), received intravesical BCG as adjuvant therapy. A conservative approach was adopted, whereby those with superficial recurrences were eligible to TURBT, with delayed cystectomy for progression to muscle invasion.

Assessment of the Proliferative Marker Ki-67 and p53 Protein Expression in HBV- and HCV-related Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cases in Egypt.

Background: Chronic HBV and HCV infections are the major risk factors for the development of HCC through a multistep pathway that involves viral and non-viral dependent pathophysiological steps. Hepatic expression of the nuclear proliferative marker ki-67 and the p53 oncoprotein were found to be associated with poor outcome. So, the present study was done to evaluate the changes in expression of Ki-67 and p53 oncoprotein, and to determine p53 gene mutation in HBV/HCV-related HCC Egyptian patients.

Cytoreductive surgery for advanced epithelial tumors of the ovary: technical considerations and outcome.

Purpose: To study the role of cytoreductive surgery in the management of advanced epithelial tumors of the ovary and its effect on survival.

Patients And Methods: A prospective study of fifty eight female patients presenting with stage III and VI epithelial ovarian tumors attending the National Cancer Institute, Cairo University during the period from January 2003 to of December 2004. All patients were evaluated clinically, radiologically (including plain chest-X-ray and abdomino-pelvic ultrasound and/or CT), laboratory work up and CA-125.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)'s surgical treatment, NCI experience.

Purpose: To review the clinical presentation, surgical management, and prognostic factors for gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

Patients And Methods: A prospective study which was carried out between January 2002 and March 2004 on thirty-three patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) at the National Cancer Institute, Cairo University. All patients were evaluated preoperatively and underwent exploratory laparotomy with a curative intent, they were followed up for period ranging between 14-35 months.