Osseous Metaplasia and Subsequent Spontaneous Pregnancy Chance: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Backgrounds: What is not clear as yet is not only the etiology, but also the management of osseous metaplasia. We describe an infertile patient with osseous metaplasia and subsequent pregnancy after treatment and review the literature from infertility perspective.

Method: We presented a 30-year-old woman with 8 years of secondary infertility who conceived spontaneously after removal of osseous tissue by operative hysteroscopy (HS) following one failed in vitro fertilization cycle.

Endometriosis is not associated with inferior pregnancy rates in in vitro fertilization: an analysis of 616 patients.

Background/aims: To analyze whether the presence of endometriosis per se is associated with inferior pregnancy rates in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Methods: Between July 2005 and November 2012, a total of 485 patients with endometriosis under the age of 38 years undergoing their first IVF attempt at our center were included; 72 patients had minimal-mild disease and the remaining 413 patients had moderate-severe disease. 131 patients with laparoscopically confirmed tubal factor infertility not harboring endometriosis and hydrosalpinx under the age of 38 years undergoing their first IVF attempt at our center served as the control group.

Mandatory single embryo transfer policy dramatically decreases multiple pregnancy rates.

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of a mandatory single embryo transfer (SET) policy on pregnancy rates and multiple pregnancy rates in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles.

Methods: One hundred and twenty-eight patients (154 cycles) underwent ICSI before the Turkish Ministry of Health's legislation, 55 patients (69 cycles) underwent ICSI after the legislation (day-3 embryo transfers only) and 35 patients (39 cycles) who underwent ICSI after the legislation (day-5 embryo transfers only).

Results: Groups were comparable regarding the women's mean age and body mass index.

Preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: cabergoline versus coasting.

Purpose: The use of cabergoline and coasting are both effective in reducing the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). Our aim was to compare the effectiveness of cabergoline with coasting to prevent moderate-severe OHSS.

Methods: Fifty-seven consecutive infertile patients (81 cycles) at risk of developing OHSS were enrolled through our computerized IVF database system.

Hyaluronan binding assay does not predict pregnancy rates in IUI cycles in couples with unexplained infertility.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between hyaluronan binding (HB) assay and pregnancy rates in intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles.

Methods: This prospective cohort study was done in Hacettepe University, a tertiary care center for reproductive medicine. Seventy-one consecutive couples who suffered from unexplained infertility and underwent controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) and IUI were enrolled into the study.

Endometrioma ≤3 cm in diameter per se does not affect ovarian reserve in intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles.

Background: Our aim was to determine the effect of single endometriomas ≤3 cm in diameter per se on ovarian reserve in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles.

Methods: We enrolled 19 consecutive infertile patients (29 cycles) who had unilateral single endometriomas ≤3 cm in diameter and who underwent ICSI.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 33.

Prevalence, phenotype and cardiometabolic risk of polycystic ovary syndrome under different diagnostic criteria.

Study Question: What is the prevalence, phenotype and metabolic features of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in the same population according to three different diagnostic criteria?

Summary Answer: The prevalence of PCOS under National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rotterdam and Androgen Excess and PCOS (AE-PCOS) Society criteria was 6.1, 19.9 and 15.

Pretreatment with oral contraceptive pills does not influence the pregnancy rate in the long leuprolide acetate protocol.

Background: To analyze the influence of oral contraceptive pill (OCP) pretreatment in intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles among normoresponders in whom leuprolide acetate is preferred for that kind of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist.

Methods: Between March 2001 and January 2010, a total of 821 cycles were pretreated with OCP in luteal-long leuprolide acetate in the IVF Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Hacettepe. Of these, a total of 169 consecutive patients were selected for the final analyses according to the selection criteria (OCP group) and compared with 349 age-matched controls (Control group).

Conservative management of a retroperitoneal hemorrhage following a ruptured renal angiomyolipoma in pregnancy.

Retroperitoneal hemorrhage following ruptured renal angiomyolipoma is usually managed surgically or by embolization. But when the same episode occurs in pregnancy, surgery which predisposes to preterm delivery and its subsequent sequelae, the unknown influences of radiation exposure on the fetus makes the management of such cases very challenging. A 21-year-old woman was seen in the emergency unit at the 25th week of her pregnancy with complaints of sudden onset left flank pain radiating to the back, nausea and hematuria.

Single intramural leiomyoma with normal hysteroscopic findings does not affect ICSI-embryo transfer outcome.

Where there is no distortion of the endo-myometrial junction, the effect of an intramural leiomyoma on reproductive performance is controversial. The current study compared the performance of patients having a single leiomyoma and intact endometrium confirmed by hysteroscopy (study group) with that of controls having intact endometrium alone in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. A total of 61 consecutive infertile patients were retrospectively enrolled into the study group from a computerized IVF database.

The impact of endometrial thickness and texture on intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcome.

Objective: To determine the impact of endometrial thickness and texture on clinical pregnancy, implantation and miscarriage rates in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and embryo transfer cycles.

Study Design: A total of 758 consecutive infertile women (n = 1,087 cycles) undergoing ICSI and embryo transfer (ET) because of severe male factor infertility were retrospectively enrolled in Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine. Three groups of patients undergoing ICSI were identified based on endometrial thickness on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration: < 7 mm (group A: 26 patients, 42 cycles), 7-14 mm (group B: 663 patients, 956 cycles) and > 14 mm (group C: 69 patients, 89 cycles).

TESE-ICSI in patients with non-mosaic Klinefelter syndrome: a comparative study.

There are limited data in the literature on the performance of testicular sperm extraction (TESE) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment in patients with Klinefelter syndrome. The current study compared TESE-ICSI treatment in patients with non-mosaic Klinefelter syndrome with controls having non-obstructive azoospermia and normal karyotype. Thirty-three consecutive patients (39 TESE-ICSI cycles) with Klinefelter syndrome (study group) and 113 consecutive patients (130 TESE-ICSI cycles) with non-obstructive azoospermia and normal karyotype (control group) were recruited in a private IVF setting.

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcome of women over 39: an analysis of 668 cycles.

Purpose: To evaluate intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcome of women over age 39 and to determine when to discourage such couples to undergo IVF using their own oocytes.

Methods: Four hundred ninety-five consecutive women (n=668 cycles) over age 39 were evaluated by year-by-year age increments to discriminate the independent prognostic factors for the achievement of pregnancy.

Results: Although the ovarian hyperstimulation performance (COH) and embryological data were not too diverse, the clinical pregnancy rates per embryo transfer decreased from 26 to 13% from age 40 to 44.

ICSI outcome following conservative fertility sparing management of endometrial cancer.

Approximately 5% of cases of endometrial cancer occur in women aged 40 years or younger. In the presence of early staged endometrial cancer, fertility sparing management may be considered in selected patients. Following high dose progestin therapy and confirmation of the regression of cancer, the patient might attempt to conceive spontaneously.

Repeat LEEP conization in patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 and positive ectocervical margins.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of repeat loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) conization in patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 3 and positive ectocervical margins.

Method: A retrospective study of 56 women who underwent repeat LEEP conization for CIN 3 and positive ectocervical margins.

Results: Final diagnosis after repeat LEEP conization revealed 6 women (10.

What is the role of office hysteroscopy in women with failed IVF cycles?

Recurrent implantation failure (RlF) may be due to unrecognized uterine pathology. Hysterosalpingography, transvaginal ultrasonography, saline infusion sonography and hysteroscopy are the tools to assess the inner architecture of the uterus. Hysteroscopy is considered to be the gold standard; however, the validity of hysteroscopy may be limited in the diagnosis of endometritis and endometrial hyperplasia.

Association of assisted reproductive technology with twinning and congenital anomalies.

Recently many reports have been published on the use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and the increased risk of congenital major malformations or syndromes. We present three cases with Goldenhar syndrome (one of them a twin pair) and one case with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RTS), also a twin pair. All four female cases are derived from ICSI.

Antagonist/letrozole protocol in poor ovarian responders for intracytoplasmic sperm injection: a comparative study with the microdose flare-up protocol.

Objective: To compare the effect of the GnRH antagonist/letrozole protocol (AL) with the microdose GnRH agonist flare-up (MF) protocol in poor ovarian responders for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).

Design: Retrospective, case-control study.

Setting: Anatolia Women and IVF Center.

Polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with elevated plasma soluble CD40 ligand, a marker of coronary artery disease.

Objective: To determine the level of plasma soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Baskent University School of Medicine in Turkey.

An oocyte pick-up procedure complicated with pseudoaneurysm of the internal iliac artery.

Objective: To describe a patient with a pseudoaneurysm of the internal iliac artery after oocyte retrieval, during an intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and embryo transfer cycle.

Design: Case report.

Setting: Tertiary center for assisted reproductive technologies (ART).

CYP1A1 gene polymorphism and polycystic ovary syndrome.

The aim of this study was to assess the rates of variant alleles of cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It was designed as a case-control study in Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Genetics. Forty-eight patients with PCOS served as the study group.

Immunohistochemical characteristics of intramural leiomyomata that enlarge during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for in vitro fertilization.

Background/aims: This study aimed to determine the immunohistochemical characteristics of intramural leiomyomata that enlarged during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) for in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Methods: For this retrospective case-control clinical study and immunohistochemical analysis, 5 patients with enlarged intramural leiomyomata during COH for IVF, who had undergone myomectomy immediately after a failed IVF cycle, were recruited retrospectively. Fifteen consecutive patients who had had myomectomy for intramural leiomyomata <5 cm, but had never undergone any infertility treatment, served as the control group.

Genistein causes regression of endometriotic implants in the rat model.

Objective: To determine the effects of raloxifene and genistein on experimentally induced endometriosis in a rat model.

Design: Prospective, randomized animal study.

Setting: Animal surgery laboratory in a university hospital.

The effect of raloxifene in association with vitamin D on vaginal maturation index and urogenital symptoms in postmenopausal osteoporotic women.

In elderly women with osteoporosis, raloxifene treatment with vitamin D supplementation improves vaginal maturation index and vaginal pH.

High-dose atorvastatin causes regression of endometriotic implants: a rat model.

Background: This prospective randomized-controlled animal study was designed to determine the effects of atorvastatin on experimentally induced endometriosis in a rat model.

Methods: Thirty-seven Wistar-Albino rats in which endometriotic implants were induced were randomly divided into four groups. Group I (Low-dose atorvastatin group, eight rats) were given 0.