In situ bone regeneration of large cranial defects using synthetic ceramic implants with a tailored composition and design.

The repair of large cranial defects with bone is a major clinical challenge that necessitates novel materials and engineering solutions. Three-dimensionally (3D) printed bioceramic (BioCer) implants consisting of additively manufactured titanium frames enveloped with CaP BioCer or titanium control implants with similar designs were implanted in the ovine skull and at s.c.

Barrier membranes: More than the barrier effect?

Aim: To review the knowledge on the mechanisms controlling membrane-host interactions in guided bone regeneration (GBR) and investigate the possible role of GBR membranes as bioactive compartments in addition to their established role as barriers.

Materials And Methods: A narrative review was utilized based on in vitro, in vivo and available clinical studies on the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying GBR and the possible bioactive role of membranes.

Results: Emerging data demonstrate that the membrane contributes bioactively to the regeneration of underlying defects.

Guided bone regeneration: materials and biological mechanisms revisited.

Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is commonly used in combination with the installment of titanium implants. The application of a membrane to exclude non-osteogenic tissues from interfering with bone regeneration is a key principle of GBR. Membrane materials possess a number of properties which are amenable to modification.

Guided bone regeneration is promoted by the molecular events in the membrane compartment.

The working hypothesis of guided bone regeneration (GBR) is that the membrane physically excludes non-osteogenic tissues from interfering with bone healing. However, the underlying mechanisms are insufficiently explained. This study aimed to investigate the molecular and structural pattern of bone healing in trabecular bone defects, with and without naturally derived resorbable membrane.

Guided bone regeneration using resorbable membrane and different bone substitutes: Early histological and molecular events.

Unlabelled: Bone insufficiency remains a major challenge for bone-anchored implants. The combination of guided bone regeneration (GBR) and bone augmentation is an established procedure to restore the bone. However, a proper understanding of the interactions between the bone substitute and GBR membrane materials and the bone-healing environment is lacking.

Molecular and structural patterns of bone regeneration in surgically created defects containing bone substitutes.

Several biomaterials have been introduced for bone augmentation. However, information is lacking about the mechanisms of bone regeneration and/or integration of these materials in the recipient bone. This study aimed to determine the molecular and structural events in bone defects after augmentation with synthetic tetrapod-shaped calcium phosphate (Tetrabone; TetraB) compared with natural deproteinized bovine bone (DBB).

Strontium-doped calcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite granules promote different inflammatory and bone remodelling responses in normal and ovariectomised rats.

The healing of bone defects may be hindered by systemic conditions such as osteoporosis. Calcium phosphates, with or without ion substitutions, may provide advantages for bone augmentation. However, the mechanism of bone formation with these materials is unclear.