Correlation and predictive value of oxygenation and oxygen saturation indices in extremely preterm infants: a prospective study.

Aims: This study aims to evaluate the association between the Oxygenation Index (OI) and the Oxygen Saturation Index (OSI) in extremely preterm infants. In addition, the study seeks to determine the predictive value of these indices for mortality in the first 7 days and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) at 36 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA).

Methods: This is a prospective observational study conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh between October 2023 and May 2024, involving extremely preterm infants with clinical and ventilator data collected during the first 7 days of life.

Differential Expression of Branched-Chain Aminotransferase in the Rat Ocular Tissues.

Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) play vital roles in metabolic and physiological processes, with their catabolism initiated by two branched-chain aminotransferase isozymes: cytosolic (BCATc) and mitochondrial (BCATm). These enzymes have tissue and cell-specific compartmentalization and are believed to shuttle metabolites between cells and tissues. Although their expression and localization have been established in most tissues, ocular tissues remain unknown.

Associations between oxygen saturation Index and oxygenation index in neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Objective: To explore the relationship between Oxygenation Index (OI) and Oxygen Saturation Index (OSI) among infants with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH), both within the first 24 h after birth and in extended observations in those who survived until their surgical intervention.

Methods: Seven- years retrospective review of CDH cases at a single Level III neonatal intensive care unit. The correlations of various combinations of OI-OSI pairs were assessed using the Spearman's rho Correlation Coefficient.

Proteomics of for a Deeper Understanding of Lead (Pb) Metal Bioremediation.

(), a ubiquitous filamentous fungus, has demonstrated remarkable potential in the bioremediation of lead-contaminated environments. Its inherent tolerance and bioaccumulation capacity for lead (Pb), coupled with its relatively rapid growth rate, make it an attractive candidate for bioremediation applications. This study aims to identify the proteomic changes in induced by Pb metal stress and unravel the roles of identified proteins in molecular mechanisms and cellular responses.

Plasma-based proteomic profiling identifies the distinct regulation of proteins in hyperplasia and endometrial cancer.

Background: Among gynaecological malignancies, endometrial cancer (EC) is the most prevalent type of uterine cancer affecting women. This study explored the proteomic profiles of plasma samples obtained from EC patients, those with hyperplasia (Hy), and a control group (CO). A combination of techniques, such as 2D-DIGE, mass spectrometry, and bioinformatics, including pathway analysis, was used to identify proteins with modified expression levels, biomarkers and their associated metabolic pathways in these groups.

Prevalence of Electronic Cigarette Smoking Among Students of Shaqra University, Saudi Arabia.

Background Electronic cigarettes are devices that use a flavored nicotine solution instead of burning tobacco leaves. Since their emergence, e-cigarettes have gained popularity in Saudi Arabia, particularly among young adults. Recently, many non-smoking youths have begun to use e-cigarettes as an alternative social behavior.

Hemp Seed Oil Inhibits the Adipogenicity of the Differentiation-Induced Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Suppressing the Cannabinoid Type 1 (CB1).

Central and peripheral mechanisms of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) favor energy intake and storage. The ECS, especially cannabidiol (CBD) receptors, controls adipocyte differentiation (hyperplasia) and lipid accumulation (hypertrophy) in adipose tissue. In white adipose tissue, cannabidiol receptor 1 (CB1) stimulation increases lipogenesis and inhibits lipolysis; in brown adipose tissue, it decreases mitochondrial thermogenesis and biogenesis.

The effect of mephedrone on human neuroblastoma and astrocytoma cells.

Mephedrone is an illegal drug that is used recreationally. Few studies have been conducted to investigate the mechanisms by which mephedrone is harming cells. In this research, we investigated the effect of mephedrone using toxicology coupled with LC-MS/MS based metabolomics in the two CNS derived cell lines.

Co-Delivery of Naringin and Ciprofloxacin by Oleic Acid Lipid Core Encapsulated in Carboxymethyl Chitosan/Alginate Nanoparticle Composite for Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity.

A novel combination of antibiotic, ciprofloxacin (CIP) with herbal counterpart naringin (NAR) was encapsulated by an oleic acid lipid core and carboxymethyl chitosan (CM-CS)/Alginate (AG) nanoparticle composite (CIP + NAR-CM-CS/AG-NPs) for improved antimicrobial efficacy of antibiotic. Herein, this study explored the design and preparation of a composite system that enables to deliver both CIP and NAR from the oleic acid lipid core of CM-CS/AG nanoparticles using a nonsolvent ionic gelation technique. The nanoparticles (NPs) were fabricated with improved long-acting antimicrobial activity against and .

Synthesis and Characterization of Graphene Oxide/Polyethylene Glycol/Folic Acid/Brucine Nanocomposites and Their Anticancer Activity on HepG2 Cells.

Background: Liver cancer is the sixth most prevalent form of cancer and the second major cause of cancer-associated mortalities worldwide. Cancer nanotechnology has the ability to fundamentally alter cancer treatment, diagnosis, and detection.

Objective: In this study, we explained the development of graphene oxide/polyethylene glycol/folic acid/brucine nanocomposites (GO/PEG/Bru-FA NCs) and evaluated their antimicrobial and anticancer effect on the liver cancer HepG2 cells.

Plasma Proteomic Signature of Endometrial Cancer in Patients with Diabetes.

The incidence and mortality of endometrial cancer (EC) have increased in recent years. There is mounting evidence that diabetes may play a role in the greater incidence of EC. The molecular mechanisms of the interaction between type 2 diabetes and EC are not yet clearly understood yet.

Therapeutic strategy of biological macromolecules based natural bioactive compounds of diabetes mellitus and future perspectives: A systematic review.

High blood glucose levels are a hallmark of the metabolic syndrome known as diabetes mellitus. More than 600 million people will have diabetes by 2045 as the global prevalence of the disease continues to rise. Contemporary antidiabetic drugs reduce hyperglycemia and its consequences.

Proteomic Profiling Identifies Distinct Regulation of Proteins in Obese Diabetic Patients Treated with Metformin.

: Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are characterized by underlying low-grade chronic inflammation. Metformin has been used as the first line of therapy in T2DM as it decreases hepatic glucose production and glucose intestinal absorption, enhances insulin sensitivity and weight loss, and is known to ameliorate inflammation. The mechanisms through which metformin exerts its effect remain unclear.

Chitosan biopolymer functionalized with graphene oxide and titanium dioxide with Escin metallic nanocomposites for anticancer potential against colon cancer.

Our study produced GO-TiO-chitosan-escin nanocomposites (GTCEnc), characterized them using physical and biological methods, and evaluated their potential as cancer treatment candidates. Standard protocols were used to produce GTCEnc. Nanocomposites are created using XRD, FTIR, UV-Vis, and PL spectroscopy analysis.

An application of carbohydrate polymers-based surface-modified gold nanoparticles for improved target delivery to liver cancer therapy - A systemic review.

Gold nanoparticles have been broadly investigated as cancer diagnostic and therapeutic agents. Gold nanoparticles are a favorable drug delivery vehicle with their unique subcellular size and good biocompatibility. Chitosan, agarose, fucoidan, porphyran, carrageenan, ulvan and alginate are all examples of biologically active macromolecules.

Anti-nociceptive and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Visnagin in Different Nociceptive and Inflammatory Mice Models.

Pain management has been a severe public health issue throughout the world. Acute pain if not treated at the appropriate time can lead to chronic pain that can cause psychological and social distress. Nothing can be more rewarding than treating pain successfully for a physician.

Carbohydrate polymers-based surface modified nano delivery systems for enhanced target delivery to colon cancer - A review.

Carbohydrate polymers-based surface-modified nano-delivery systems have gained significant attention in recent years for enhancing targeted delivery to colon cancer. These systems leverage carbohydrate polymers' unique properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and controlled release. These properties make them suitable candidates for drug delivery applications.

Effects of Rhazya Stricta plant organic extracts on human induced pluripotent stem cells derived neural stem cells.

Rhazya Stricta (R. stricta) has been employed as a natural remedy for several diseases for centuries. Numerous studies revealed that R.

Metabolomics Analysis as a Tool to Measure Cobalt Neurotoxicity: An In Vitro Validation.

In this study, cobalt neurotoxicity was investigated in human astrocytoma and neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells using proliferation assays coupled with LC-MS-based metabolomics and transcriptomics techniques. Cells were treated with a range of cobalt concentrations between 0 and 200 µM. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay revealed cobalt cytotoxicity and decreased cell metabolism in a dose and time-dependent manner was observed by metabolomics analysis, in both cell lines.

COVID-19 and severity of liver diseases: Possible crosstalk and clinical implications.

COVID-19-infected individuals and those who recovered from the infection have been demonstrated to have elevated liver enzymes or abnormal liver biochemistries, particularly with preexisting liver diseases, liver metabolic disorders, viral hepatitis, and other hepatic comorbidities. However, possible crosstalk and intricate interplay between COVID-19 and liver disease severity are still elusive, and the available data are murky and confined. Similarly, the syndemic of other blood-borne infectious diseases, chemical-induced liver injuries, and chronic hepatic diseases continued to take lives while showing signs of worsening due to the COVID-19 crisis.

SARS-CoV-2 Detection and COVID-19 Diagnosis: A Bird's Eye View.

The battle against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) associated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is continued worldwide by administering firsttime emergency authorized novel mRNA-based and conventional vector-antigen-based anti- COVID-19 vaccines to prevent further transmission of the virus as well as to reduce the severe respiratory complications of the infection in infected individuals. However; the emergence of numerous SARS-CoV-2 variants is of concern, and the identification of certain breakthrough and reinfection cases in vaccinated individuals as well as new cases soaring in some low-to-middle income countries (LMICs) and even in some resource-replete nations have raised concerns that only vaccine jabs would not be sufficient to control and vanquishing the pandemic. Lack of screening for asymptomatic COVID-19-infected subjects and inefficient management of diagnosed COVID-19 infections also pose some concerns and the need to fill the gaps among policies and strategies to reduce the pandemic in hospitals, healthcare services, and the general community.

Artemisia sieberi Besser essential oil inhibits the growth and migration of breast cancer cells via induction of S-phase arrest, caspase-independent cell death and downregulation of ERK.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Artemisia sieberi Besser is a medicinal herb that has been traditionally used across the Middle East for the treatment of cancer. Further pharmacological studies on its extracts revealed that they possess cytotoxic activity against certain cancer cells, however, there were no studies conducted on the anticancer potential of Artemisia sieberi essential oil (ASEO).

Aim Of The Study: To evaluate the anticancer potential of ASEO, elucidate the oil's mode of action for the first time and investigate its chemical composition.