Environmental management of construction and demolition waste in Kuwait.

There is an increasing pressure on the construction industry to reduce costs and improve the quality of our environment. The fact is that both of these goals can be achieved at the same time. Although construction and demolition (C&D) constitutes a major source of waste in terms of volume and weight, its management and recycling efforts have not yet seen the light in Kuwait.

Management of recycling in the Gulf Co-operation Council states.

Although some of the Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC) member states have placed recycling at the top of their waste management priorities, the low cost of landfill and the availability of land, usually old sand or gravel quarries, make recycling programs infeasible, uneconomical and unachievable. The only comprehensive form of recycling available within the GCC states is recycling of paper and cartons. The majority of the GCC states never set national or regional recycling targets.

Performance-based characterization of a contact stabilization process for slaughterhouse wastewater.

This paper evaluates the effluent treatment plant of a slaughterhouse in Hawalli City, Kuwait processing 1100 heads of livestock a day. Results indicated that the proposed process effectively reduces pollution potential of slaughterhouse wastewater. Influent Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) ranged from 3335 to 7580 mg L(-1), of which approximately 30% were in the form of suspended solids (SS).

Nitrogen transformations during aerobic/anoxic sludge digestion.

Laboratory experiments were conducted to study and compare nitrogen transformations occurring under both aerobic digestion and aerobic/anoxic (A/A) digestion. The process performance was examined at different sludge residence times (SRTs), temperatures and anoxic cycles. Both modes of operation gave comparable solids reduction results.