[Influence of systematic antibiotic prophylaxis and/or cystoscope cleaning/disinfecting method on urinary culture becoming positive after outpatient flexible cystoscopy.].

Introduction And Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis as well as the cleaning/disinfection procedures to prevent urinary tract infection in patients undergoing office flexible cystoscopy.

Methods: A prospective, randomized study was performed between June 2015 to May 2016 including every patient who underwent flexible cystoscopy at the Urology outpatient unit. Patients with temporary or permanent urinary stents were excluded from the study as well as procedures that involved bladder biopsies.

Stress-stones-stress-recurrent stones: a self-propagating cycle? Difficulties in solving this dichotomy.

Numerous studies have reported an association between stress and urolithiasis. Although urinary risk factors have been measured in several of these, compelling evidence of a causal relationship has not been established. A shortcoming is that alterations in single urinary parameters rather than ratios and quotients, which provide a more synergistic risk evaluation, have been measured.

[Diet in the lithiasic patient: A practical guide.].

The incidence and prevalence of lithiasic disease in developed countries has increased over the last years. Being diet one of the risk factors for urolithiasis, and having it evolved in conjunction with lifestyle over the last decades, such changes could explain the increase in lithiasis case-load. In this article, we analyze how the exercise of the urologist has been regarding the preventive role of diet in the lithiasis patient, what are the scientific evidences on the relationship of diet and lithiasis, and, on this base, what general dietetic recommendations we can give currently to our patients.

Dermatological side effects of intravesical Mitomycin C: Delayed hypersensitivity.

Objective: To know the dermatologic side effects of intravesical treatment with Mitomycin C in non muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Methods: We describe two cases of palm and plantar dermatitis after such treatment.

Result: We describe two types of dermatitis pathogenesis during treatment with intravesical Mitomycin C: contact dermatitis and delayed hypersensitivity dermatitis.

Intraoperative injection of (99mm)Tc- nanocolloid for localization of nonpalpable intratesticular tumours in organ-sparing surgery.

Objective: Radical orchidectomy is the standard treatment for malignant testis tumours. Radical orchidectomy results in androgen deprivation, infertility and impaired psychological well-being, especially in synchronous bilateral tumours, metachronous contralateral tumours or tumour in a solitary testis. According to the European Association of Urology Guidelines, if pre-operative testosterone level is normal and the tumour volume is less than 30% of the testicular volume, organ preserving surgery can be performed.

Neoplasm in kidney graft. Analysis of the cause of the tumour and treatment options.

Kidney transplant is the treatment of choice for chronic kidney disease. Cardiovascular disease, infections, and postransplant de novo neoplasms are the main causes of death in transplant patients. The most frequent kind of post kidney transplant neoplasms are lymphoproliferative processes and cutaneous neoplasms.

Chronic stress and calcium oxalate stone disease: influence on blood cortisol and urine composition.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of chronic stress (CS) on urine composition of calcium oxalate (CaOx) stone patients and controls.

Methods: This case-control study enrolled 128 patients during a period of 20 months. The cases were CaOx stone formers with a recent stone episode.

Chronic stress and calcium oxalate stone disease: is it a potential recurrence risk factor?

Chronic emotional stress is associated with increased cortisol release and metabolism disorders. However, few studies have evaluated the influence of chronic stress on calcium oxalate (CaOx) stone disease and its recurrence. A total of 128 patients were enrolled in this case-control study over a period of 20 months.

[Practical treatment approach of radiation induced cystitis].

Objective: Establish a pattern of behavior and treatment algorithm at the onset of hematuria in patients with a previous history of pelvic radiation, checking for this different treatment options reflected in the literature.

Material And Methods: Through performing a PubMed literature review of articles related to IC lies, searching items includes the different treatment options: intravesical hyaluronic acid, conjugated estrogens, pentosan polysulfate, oral aminocaproic acid, recombinant factor VIIa, hyperbaric chamber, embolization, aluminum intravesical, Helmstein ball and formalin. Limits the search to english or spanish publications and excluding those related to animal experimentation.

[Primary lymphoma of penis].

We describe a case of primary penis lymphoma in a 71 yr old man. We review the bibliography and we emphasize the peculiarity and different sorts of clinical presentation. The initial symptoms were insidious.

Can infundibular height predict the clearance of lower pole calyceal stone after extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy?

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) on lower calyceal calculi in relation to the renal anatomical factors and determine which of these factors can be used to select patients who will benefit from SWL.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed retrospectively 78 patients with single radiopaque lower calyceal stones treated with SWL. The patients were evaluated 3 months after lithotripsy with a simple abdominal X-ray and a kidney ultrasound scan.

[The history of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy in Spain].

We give a historical outline of urinary lithiasis with emphasis in the alternative therapeutic options to surgery. We expose the previous steps that led to the birth of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy and its implementation in our country.

[Arteriovenous fistula of the renal stump after nephrectomy].

An arteriovenous fistula of the renal pedicle is a rare complication after nephrectomy. Most of cases we identify it time along after surgery. We present a case of an arteriovenous fistula of the right renal pedicle after nephrectomy done for pyonephrosis 40 years before.

[Cystic lymphangioma. Our experience].

Objective: To comment on the most relevant aspects and to review the literature on this unusual pathology.

Material And Methods: We present two cases of cystic lymphangioma, their clinical, diagnosis, therapy and development, and we review the actual literature. The first case is a young man with the diagnosis of cystic lymphangioma of the scrotum and pelvis.

[Isolated intraepithelial prostatic neoplasia and positive prostate adenocarcinoma results at repeated biopsy. Review of our series].

Objective: To review the incidence of isolated prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) as well as the positive prostate cancer results in repeat biopsy in our series of transrectal biopsy of the prostate. We compare these results with the actual literature.

Materials And Methods: We review the 2.

[Female urethra diverticula].

Objectives: To remind the most relevant features on the presenting clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment of this disease, which is not uncommon although many times is not suspected.

Methods: We review five cases of female urethra diverticula diagnosed in our department over the last five years. We describe the clinical picture, physical examination, diagnostic tests, as well as treatment undertaken in each, comparing them with current bibliography up to date.

[Infective lithiasis. Treatment and complications].

Objective: To establish the criteria for treatment of staghorn stones according to stone surface and distribution in cadaver kidneys.

Methods: Retrospective study of 344 cases treated from 1985 to 1992 and classified into two groups according to treatment by extracorporeal lithotripsy or by percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL).

Results: Mean age 48.

[Malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis].

Case report of a new case of malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis. A mediterranean male age 62, presented with enlargement and swelling of the scrotum, treated as orchiepydidymitis within the previous 3 months. Physical and ultrasonography examination showed a left scrotal mass with extension to the skin of the scrotum.

[Supraselective embolization of renal pseudoaneurysm caused by an abdominal stab wound].

Objective: To report the results of conservative management of post-traumatic (abdominal stab wound) pseudoaneurysm with arteriovenous fistula in segmental artery of left kidney and secondary persistent hematuria in an HIV positive patient.

Methods/results: A supraselective left renal arteriography revealed a pseudoaneurysm. We performed embolization of the aneurysmal artery with coils and fibrin particles.