Short-term ethanol intoxication in rat. Effect on the entorhinal cortex.

The effect of short-term ethanol intoxication in systems implicated in memory and other cognitive functions in rats has been assessed by studying the variation in the karyometry of the neurons in the different layers of the lateral entorhinal cortex. The analysis showed that short-term ethanol consumption produced a reduction in the nuclear area of neurons in layers V and VI, and to a lesser extent, in layers II and III. These results suggest that the deep layers of the entorhinal cortex are more sensitive to ethanol intoxication, thus more likely affecting cortical and subcortical projections than the hippocampal output.

Liver transplantation in malignant primary hepatic neoplasms.

Between April 1986 and August 1990, 151 liver transplantations were performed at our institution, 16 (11%) of them in 14 patients with primary hepatic tumors. There were 12 hepatocellular carcinomas, 1 angiosarcoma, and 1 Klatskin tumor. None of the tumors was resectable, and there was no preoperative evidence of extrahepatic tumoral extension.

[The sequelae of osteoporotic femoral fracture in Barcelona].

Background: The aim of the present was to study the long term sequelae of osteoporotic fracture of the femur in a general hospital of 300 beds in Barcelona, analyzing 1) mortality; 2) degree of functional capacity; 3) care requirements; 4) familial repercussion, and 5) psychic repercussion.

Methods: Structured telephone interviews were carried out between 1990-1991 with the patients attended for osteoporotic fracture of the femur in our center from 1988-1989. Of a total of 145 patients, 12 died within 1 month.

Arterial reperfusion in human orthotopic liver transplantation by anastomosis of the celiac trunk to the right or left hepatic artery of the recipient.

Fifteen orthotopic liver transplants were performed from 23 April 1986 to June 1987 in 14 patients (age range 3-56 years). In 12 transplants, extracorporeal bypass was used. The installation was effected by suprahepatic and infrahepatic cava-caval and portaportal anastomoses.

Ascites increases the resting energy expenditure in liver cirrhosis.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ascites on the energy metabolism of patients with liver cirrhosis. The resting energy expenditure was determined in 10 patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites of moderate or large volume. The resting energy expenditure measurement was performed using indirect calorimetry and the resting energy expenditure predictive value was calculated with the Harris-Benedict equation, both before and after removal of ascitic fluid by paracentesis.

[Evaluation of the use of digoxin in a primary care emergency service].

Digoxin is a widely used drug. Previous studies suggest a high prevalence of inadequate use, subtherapeutic levels and high toxicity rates. The aim of the present study was to evaluation the use of digoxin in our area.

[History of psychiatry in Venezuela: milestones in social work education].

A historical compilation, initiated with Dr. Lorenzo Campins y Ballester in 1773, covering the teaching aspect, and culminated with the creation of the first postgraduate in psychiatry at the Central University of Venezuela in 1939, is made. On the assistential side, the way in which patients were treated during colonial times is mentioned, introducing the attempts which were carried out up to 1892, when Dr.

Autonomic nervous control of the heart rate response to dynamic incremental exercise: evaluation of the Rosenblueth-Simeone model.

To evaluate the validity of the Rosenblueth-Simeone model for the heart rate response to incremental dynamic exercise, 11 healthy men performed maximal exercise tests on a cycle ergometer after administration of placebo, propranolol, atropine or both propranolol and atropine. The model showed that the influence of sympathetic activity on heart rate increased at intensities up to those which resulted in a heart rate 70% maximal heart rate on placebo, and levelled off at higher intensities, while there was a progressive withdrawal of the parasympathetic activity. The ratio between heart rate predicted by the model and the recorded heart rate following placebo treatment tended to be less than 1.

The accuracy of the Biox 3700 pulse oximeter in patients receiving vasoactive therapy.

The accuracy of pulse oximetry for the prediction of oxygen saturation of arterial blood in patients with shock has been hardly studied. This study was undertaken to determine if O2 arterial saturation estimated by the Biox 3700 pulse oximeter (SpO2) with an ear probe could reliably substitute for the measurements of O2 saturation (HbO2) with an IL-282 Co-Oximeter in samples of arterial blood obtained from 24 caucasian patients. All patients were mechanically ventilated and needed vasoactive drugs (dopamine and/or dobutamine).

Variations caused by physical training in the electrocardiographic outline of swine (Landrace X White Belgian).

To find the effect of exercise on the ECG, the electrocardiographic outlines in a training group of 7 two-month-old pigs (Landrace X White Belgian) were analyzed, compared with a nontraining control group of similar characteristics. In training animals a resting bradycardia was observed with a corresponding increase in the duration of the RR interval, as well as a duration increase in the ventricular activation time. On the contrary, the programmed training in this experiment has not influenced the amplitude of the electrocardiographic waves and the magnitude and orientation of the cardiac vectors.

[Diagnosis for osseointegrated implants].

It is discussed the importance of the diagnostic, prognostic and treatment design procedures in the oral rehabilitation where osseointegrated implants are used, doing a detail of the sequence to follow during this important treatment stage.

Atrial natriuretic peptide response to endurance physical training in the rat.

The effect of an endurance physical training programme on the plasma and atrial natriuretic peptides (ANP) and on renal glomerular ANP receptors was evaluated in male normotensive Wistar rats. Maximal O2 uptake was significantly greater in the endurance trained (117.1 ml O2.

Effects of swim training alone and in combination with clonidine and rilmenidine on blood pressure, plasma electrolytes, vasopressin, and renin activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Adaptations to the effects of clonidine (CL) and rilmenidine (R) were studied during a 12-week training program (swimming) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was regularly measured during this period. Body weight (BW) was determined at the beginning and at the 12th week.

[Diagnostic wax-up in bone supported implant occlusal rehabilitation planning].

In this article is demonstrated the practical application of the diagnostic wax-up in the osteointegrated implant oral rehabilitation.

Enhanced gentamicin nephrotoxicity after experimental biliary obstruction in rats.

To explore whether bile duct ligation increased the risk for gentamicin nephrotoxicity, male Wistar rats were subjected to bile duct ligation or sham surgery and given either gentamicin 20 mg/kg or saline twice daily intraperitoneally for 8 days. Bile duct ligated and gentamicin injected rats elicited a decline in renal function and tubular cell necrosis after 8 days of treatment whereas equal dosage regimen in sham operated rats exhibited no evidence of renal dysfunction. In addition, though serum and kidney gentamicin levels were higher in bile duct ligated rats (1.

Effect of age on the orientation of the auricular activation vector in pig.

The effects of cardiac maturation on the orientation of the auricular activation mean vectors (AP and SAP) in Landrace X White Belgian pigs has been analyzed. The magnitudes of AP and SAP vectors undergo a significant increase between 5 and 20 days of age. On the contrary, physical maturation does not appear to have any effect on the sequence of auricular activation in pigs, since in all the age groups analyzed, the same orientation for P vectors on the horizontal plane and in space was maintained.

Onthogenic changes in the orientation of the ventricular activation and recovery mean vector in pig.

The effect of physical maturation on the ventricular activation and recuperation mean vectors has been analyzed in pigs during a period of time between 1 day and 6 months of age. The results showed that whilst the vectorial magnitude of AQRS on the horizontal plane was not affected by physical maturation, that of the spatial vector (SAQRS) underwent an increase during the period of study. Likewise, it was determined that the ventricular activation front showed an inclination to change its orientation from caudal, sinistral or dextral, to dextrocranial, maintaining the dorsal orientation in all individuals.

[Fulminant hepatic insufficiency].

We studied the patients admitted to the Intensive Medicine Department of the "Carlos Haya" Regional Hospital of Málaga (Spain) with a diagnosis of fulminant liver failure (IHF) between 1980 and October 1986. There were 7 patients, 6 women and one man: 5 had a picture of fulminant hepatitis, one pregnant female had fatty liver, and the man had fulminant hepatitis due to accidental inhalation of carbon tetrachloride. The average age of the group was 32 years.

Computer-based automation of concentration measurements with ion-selective electrodes.

An integrated computer system consisting of an expandable ionanalyzer and a PC has been used to automate concentration measurements with ion-selective electrodes (ISEs). The ionanalyzer determines ionic concentrations using a reference electrode coupled with an ISE. The measurements and calibrations are carried out in a thermostated sample changer equipped with a flow cell.

Validation of a new closed circuit indirect calorimetry method compared with the open Douglas bag method.

New equipment designed for the routine measurement of oxygen uptake (VO2) using a closed circuit method has been validated by comparing it with a standard Douglas bag method. The equipment (The Caloric Measurement Unit, CMU) has been tested in 10 critically ill patients during mechanical ventilation (MV) and in 10 spontaneously breathing healthy subjects. Determinations of VO2 and of the resting energy expenditure (REE) were measured in duplicate with the standard method and once with the CMU.

[Laser therapy in temporomandibular dysfunction (soft laser application points)].

It is work out and discuss one of the principal problems in the laser therapy use during the TMJ dysfunction treatment: the determination of the application points for the soft-laser stay, detailing the position of some of them that are essentials to obtain the objectives of this type of treatment.