Assessing prion infectivity of human urine in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

Prion diseases are neurodegenerative conditions associated with a misfolded and infectious protein, scrapie prion protein (PrP(Sc)). PrP(Sc) propagate prion diseases within and between species and thus pose risks to public health. Prion infectivity or PrP(Sc) presence has been demonstrated in urine of experimentally infected animals, but there are no recent studies of urine from patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD).

Consensus statement on the bio-safety of urinary-derived gonadotrophins with respect to Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

Human transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) encompass a group of rare neurodegenerative diseases. In April 2004, a group of international experts and regulators met in Buenos Aires, Argentina, to review the safety and to reach consensus on the use of urinary-derived gonadotrophins with respect to TSE. Iatrogenic transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) from pituitary-derived gonadotrophins has been reported, no infectivity in urine has been demonstrated, and no definite cases of transmission via urine have been reported.