Digital Intervention for behaviouR changE and Chronic disease prevenTION (DIRECTION): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial of a web-based platform integrating nutrition, physical activity, and mindfulness for individuals with obesity.

Excess body weight, suboptimal diet, physical inactivity, alcohol consumption, sleep disruption, and elevated stress are modifiable risk factors associated with the development of chronic diseases. Digital behavioural interventions targeting these factors have shown promise in improving health and reducing chronic disease risk. The Digital Intervention for behaviouR changE and Chronic disease prevenTION (DIRECTION) study is a parallel group, two-arm, randomized controlled trial evaluating the effects of adding healthcare professional guidance and peer support via group-based sessions to a web-based wellness platform (experimental group, n = 90) compared to a self-guided use of the platform (active control group, n = 90) among individuals with a body mass index (BMI) of 30 to <35 kg/m and aged 40-65 years.

Age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index and its association with body composition and overall survival in patients with colorectal cancer.

Objective: To examine the relationship between the age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (A-CCI) with body composition and overall survival in patients newly diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC).

Research Methods And Procedures: In this cohort study, patients (≥ 18 years old) with CRC were followed for 36 months. Computed tomography images of the third lumbar were analyzed to determine body composition, including skeletal muscle area (SMA), skeletal muscle index (SMI), skeletal muscle radiodensity (SMD), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT).

Examining variations in body composition among patients with colorectal cancer according to site and disease stage.

Patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) often exhibit changes in body composition (BC) which are associated with poorer clinical outcomes. Many studies group colon and rectal cancers together, irrespective of staging, potentially affecting assessment and treatment strategies. Our study aimed to compare BC in patients with CRC focusing on tumor location and metastasis presence.

Muscle mass evaluation in hospitalized patients: Comparison between doubly indirect methods.

Background: Loss of muscle mass (MM) in hospitalized patients has been associated with negative outcomes, thus, evaluating this biomarker is important to stratify risk. Although studies have been showing that calf circumference (CC) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) are valid for estimating MM in hospitalized patients, we do not know if they are associated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between CC and BIA in hospitalized patients.

Is there a difference in the parameters of the bioelectrical impedance obtained from devices from different manufacturers? A cross-sectional study in hospitalized cancer patients.

Background: Cancer is a disease with high and increasing incidence rates in the world and its course tends to harm the body composition. Monitoring these body changes is very important. Therefore, it is essential to have reliable, accessible, and practical methods for evaluating body compartments.

Early nutritional intervention does not prevent long-term adverse events in women with breast cancer: A pilot study.

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the effect of early nutritional intervention on adverse clinical events in women with breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Design And Settings: This is a randomized clinical trial performed at the beginning of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for women with breast cancer treated at an oncology referral center (Brazil) and followed until the end of radiotherapy period, at least. Registered under ClinicalTrials.

SARC-F Is a Predictor of Longer LOS and Hospital Readmission in Hospitalized Patients after a Cardiovascular Event.

It is already established that sarcopenia is associated with adverse outcomes; however, few studies have focused on patients who have suffered an acute cardiovascular event. The use of SARC-F, a 5-item sarcopenia screening questionnaire, in these patients remains to be investigated. We aimed to investigate whether SARC-F can predict adverse outcomes in patients admitted to a hospital with a suspected infarction.

Is the standardized phase angle a predictor of short- and long-term adverse cardiovascular events in patients with acute myocardial infarction? A cohort study.

Objectives: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is myocardial necrosis resulting from myocardial ischemia, and its risk factors are usually a combination of the consumption of tobacco, inadequate diet, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle, in addition to preexisting comorbidities. These risk factors may compromise cellular integrity, affecting physiologic and nutritional components. The phase angle (PhA) has been measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to identify the quality of the cell membrane and the distribution of body fluids.

Comparative assessment of abdominal and thigh muscle characteristics using CT-derived images.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the assessment of skeletal muscle area (SMA in cm²), skeletal muscle index (SMI in cm²/m²), and skeletal muscle density (SMD in HU) between third lumbar vertebra (L3) and thigh landmarks, and the agreement in diagnosing low muscle mass and low SMD (L3 as the reference method).

Methods: This was a multicenter, cross-sectional study including healthy individuals (≥18 y of age) of both sexes, who had an elective computed tomography exam including abdominal and pelvic regions. Computed tomography images were analyzed to evaluate SMA, SMI, and SMD.

Comparison of revised EWGSOP2 criteria of sarcopenia in patients with cancer using different parameters of muscle mass.

Calf circumference (CC) has been established as a marker of muscle mass (MM) with good performance for predicting survival in individuals with cancer. The study aims to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2) criteria and to evaluate the accuracy of sarcopenia using low CC relative to MM assessment by computed tomography (CT) at third lumbar vertebra level (L3) as a reference. Cross-sectional study with cancer patients aged ≥ 60 years.

Accuracy of isolated nutrition indicators in diagnosing malnutrition and their prognostic value to predict death in patients with gastric and colorectal cancer: A prospective study.

Background: The study aims to evaluate the accuracy of isolated nutrition indicators in diagnosing malnutrition in patients with gastric and colorectal cancer and their association with mortality.

Methods: Prospective cohort study involving patients with cancer (n = 178) attending a reference center of oncology at any point in the disease trajectory or treatment. Nutrition status was evaluated in a unique moment by body mass index (BMI), Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), handgrip strength (HGS), and calf circumference (CC).

Low skeletal muscle radiodensity is the best predictor for short-term major surgical complications in gastrointestinal surgical cancer: A cohort study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether body composition, muscle function, and their association are predictive factors for short-term postoperative complications in patients with gastric and colorectal cancer. A prospective cohort study was conducted with patients undergoing resection of gastric and colorectal tumors. Nutritional status was assessed using Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) and anthropometric techniques.

New insights on how and where to measure muscle mass.

Purpose Of Review: This article will discuss different muscle mass assessment methods and emphasize their highlights.

Recent Findings: Several measurement techniques can be used to evaluate muscle mass, recognized as important prognostic markers for adverse functional and clinical outcomes. Choosing the best method depends on the knowledge regarding their theoretical and practical limitations and the purpose of the assessment.

Is skeletal muscle radiodensity able to indicate physical function impairment in older adults with gastrointestinal cancer?

Background: Worsening nutritional status in older adult cancer patients can lead to sarcopenia, a condition that occurs with low quantity or quality of muscle mass associated with low physical function. However, most of the studies with cancer patients have only analyzed the quantity of muscle mass for diagnostic of sarcopenia, without exploring muscle characteristics and physical function. The purpose of the present study is to explore the associations between muscle mass characteristics and physical function in older adult patients with cancer.

Cardiovascular risk assessment using the lipid accumulation product index among primary healthcare users: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The lipid accumulation product (LAP) index is an abdominal adiposity marker.

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the cardiovascular risk of primary healthcare users through the LAP index and correlate it with anthropometric and biochemical indicators.

Design And Setting: Cross-sectional study in primary care units in a city in northeastern Brazil.

Hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype in primary health care: comparison of two cutoff points.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW) phenotype among users of primary health care using two different cutoff points used in the literature.

Methods: We evaluated adults and elderly individuals of both sexes who attended the same level of primary health care. HTGW phenotype was determined with measurements of waist circumference (WC) and triglyceride levels and compared using cutoff points proposed by the National Cholesterol Education Program - NCEP/ATP III (WC ≥102 cm for men and ≥88 cm for women; triglyceride levels ≥150 mg/dL for both sexes) and by Lemieux et al (WC ≥90 cm for men and ≥85 cm for women; triglyceride levels ≥177 mg/dL for both).