Co-exposure to highly allergenic airborne pollen and fungal spores in Europe.

The study is aimed at determining the potential spatiotemporal risk of the co-occurrence of airborne pollen and fungal spores high concentrations in different bio-climatic zones in Europe. Birch, grass, mugwort, ragweed, olive pollen and Alternaria and Cladosporium fungal spores were investigated at 16 sites in Europe, in 2005-2019. In Central and northern Europe, pollen and fungal spore seasons mainly overlap in June and July, while in South Europe, the highest pollen concentrations occur frequently outside of the spore seasons.

A temporally and spatially explicit, data-driven estimation of airborne ragweed pollen concentrations across Europe.

Ongoing and future climate change driven expansion of aeroallergen-producing plant species comprise a major human health problem across Europe and elsewhere. There is an urgent need to produce accurate, temporally dynamic maps at the continental level, especially in the context of climate uncertainty. This study aimed to restore missing daily ragweed pollen data sets for Europe, to produce phenological maps of ragweed pollen, resulting in the most complete and detailed high-resolution ragweed pollen concentration maps to date.

Predictions of the Biological Effects of Several Acyclic Monoterpenes as Chemical Constituents of Essential Oils Extracted from Plants.

Acyclic terpenes are biologically active natural products having applicability in medicine, pharmacy, cosmetics and other practices. Consequently, humans are exposed to these chemicals, and it is necessary to assess their pharmacokinetics profiles and possible toxicity. The present study considers a computational approach to predict both the biological and toxicological effects of nine acyclic monoterpenes: beta-myrcene, beta-ocimene, citronellal, citrolellol, citronellyl acetate, geranial, geraniol, linalool and linalyl acetate.

Bioaerosols on the atmospheric super highway: An example of long distance transport of Alternaria spores from the Pannonian Plain to Poland.

Alternaria spores are pathogenic to agricultural crops, and the longest and the most severe sporulation seasons are predominantly recorded in rural areas, e.g. the Pannonian Plain (PP) in South-Central Europe.

Airborne Alternaria and Cladosporium fungal spores in Europe: Forecasting possibilities and relationships with meteorological parameters.

Airborne fungal spores are prevalent components of bioaerosols with a large impact on ecology, economy and health. Their major socioeconomic effects could be reduced by accurate and timely prediction of airborne spore concentrations. The main aim of this study was to create and evaluate models of Alternaria and Cladosporium spore concentrations based on data on a continental scale.

Spatial and temporal variations in airborne pollen in Europe.

The European Commission Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action FA1203 "SMARTER" aims to make recommendations for the sustainable management of across Europe and for monitoring its efficiency and cost-effectiveness. The goal of the present study is to provide a baseline for spatial and temporal variations in airborne pollen in Europe that can be used for the management and evaluation of this noxious plant. The study covers the full range of L.

A retrospective, multi-center cohort study evaluating the severity- related effects of cerebrolysin treatment on clinical outcomes in traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability for which there is currently no effective drug therapy available. Because drugs targeting a single TBI pathological pathway have failed to show clinical efficacy to date, pleiotropic agents with effects on multiple mechanisms of secondary brain damage could represent an effective option to improve brain recovery and clinical outcome in TBI patients. In this multicenter retrospective study, we investigated severity-related efficacy and safety of the add-on therapy with two concentrations (20 ml/day or 30 ml/day) of Cerebrolysin (EVER Neuro Pharma, Austria) in TBI patients.

Rare complication of the cervical spine trauma--traumatic esophageal fistula: case report and review of the literature.

Background And Study Aims: Esophageal fistula due to cervical spine trauma is a rare, potentially fatal complication, which changes significantly the treatment and the prognosis of the trauma patient. There is scarce data regarding this associated pathology of cervical trauma and it consists only of isolated cases, most of them being reported as a complication of the surgical treatment. We present the case of a female patient who suffered a fall from a wagon and who was diagnosed at presentation with cervical fracture and esophageal fistula.

Neurosurgical approach in orbital pathology -unicentric study.

Unlabelled: Orbital pathology represents a unique entity because is located in a border region that requires neurosurgery, ophthalmology and oncology collaboration. The modern surgery includes the orbital surgery and skull base surgery.

Material And Methods: This study presents neurosurgical approaches in 17 cases of orbital pathology in a period of 4 years in the Neurosurgery Department of Emergency Hospital "Prof.

Pathology of the optic nerve injury.

Unlabelled: The optic nerve injury is produced by damaging the optic nerve within a craniocerebral trauma. The anatomo-pathology and the pathology of posttraumatic visual impairments are fundamental data for the therapeutic indications. The microscopic examination reveals only the particular cases of very serious or severe extensive lesions.

[Statistical data on head trauma with frontal sinus involvement at the Emergency Hospital Clinic "Prof. Dr. Nicolae Oblu", Iaşi, Romania].

Unlabelled: We present here some interesting points of view concerning head and brain injury with frontal sinus involvement.

Material And Methods: In general neurosurgical practice the frontal sinus traumatic involvement is about 3-5 per cent from all head trauma; we proposed to realise a extensive 5 years study to finnaly sumarise the characteristical elements for our geographical area. The amount of patients hospitalized in our clinic was about 80 000 in five years.

[Posterior fossa meningiomas--topographic and anatomopathologic aspects].

Unlabelled: Meningiomas are the most frequent met intracranial tumors. Many authors tried to order them according to location, origin and histopathologic type.

Material And Method: Our study is focused on posterior fosa meningiomas, initially classified according to their origin based on IRM and surgical findings in order to identify correlations between demographic data, topographic tumor origin and anatomopathologic characteristics for each subgroup.

[Neurological and abdominal lesional associations in polytrauma].

Unlabelled: Polytraumatisms have always been a concern in human history, their number increasing especially during wars. Their forecast depends on many factors, starting from means of transportation, first aid's promptitude, technical endowment which evolved a lot within the years. Amongst the thoracal-abdominal, the cranial-cerebral and vertebral-medullary injuries, the cranial-cerebral and the abdominal injuries are the most severe ones.

[Papillary edema in expansive intra-cranial tumors].

Unlabelled: The aim was: correlation between frequency of papillary edema in intra-cranial tumours and to verify Romanian medical legislation for ophthalmoscopy. This paper is a retrospective study for a period of 2 years (2005-2006). We included in study 446 patients treated in Hospital "Sf Treime" Iaşi, Romania for expansive intra-cranial tumours.

[Celioscopic exploration in polytrauma with neurosurgical component].

Unlabelled: Caelioscopic surgery has been introduced in the medical practice for only two decades and imposed as a method due to its multiple advantages, expanding its application to therapy and exploration. If, initially the traumatic pathology of the abdomen has been used, this paper proposes the expansion of this method in polytraumatisms with neuralsurgical components, and not only.

Material And Method: This paper presents a study made on 67 cases with the Emergency Hospital of Piatra Neamt, of which 22 patients (33%) after the caelioscopic exploration requested surgical intervention.

Mechanical ventilation in vascular coma patients.

Vascular coma is one of the leading complications in patients suffering cerebrovascular accidents and it is therefore entirely appropriate that we should consider what critical care has to offer in this devastating disease process. Vascular coma patients need ventilatory assistance; Intubation and mechanical ventilation represent a life saving intervention. As critical care is subjected to progressive changes, careful definition of the role of mechanical ventilation, its types, and the ability of such a form of life sustaining support to affect patient outcome in multi-sided directions is mandatory.

Current trends in minimally invasive neurosurgery: neuro-endoscopy.

Minimal invasive neurosurgery refers to the technological advances accomplished in refining surgical access thus enabling neurosurgeons to reduce the morbidity and improve the accuracy and quality of neurosurgical procedures. Neuro-endoscopy comprises a promising minimal invasive technique being applied in an increasing amount of cases as diseases of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics, brain and spinal tumours, cysts, infections, evacuation of haematomas et al. Representing an important scientific modality neuro-endoscopy favours the rapid recovery of the patient and improves its postoperative quality of life.

Cheyne stokes respiration in stroke patients.

Cerebral-vascular events represent a major cause of mortality worldwide. Resulting respiratory complications are common and possibly composing a marker of severe neurological disorder. Cheyne-Stokes respiration is a disorder characterised by recurrent central apnoeas during sleep, alternating with a crescendo-decrescendo pattern of tidal volume, thus constituting an additional burden to the patient.

[Complications of intracerebral hemorrhage caused by arterial hypertension].

Intracerebral hematoma represent a frequent complication of hypertension. It is accompanied by significant mortality and complications. It is mainly a surgical condition but we prefer conservative therapeutic options in cases where feasible.

[Spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage. An update of conservative treatment].

In our article we analysed the current conservative therapeutic options in spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage as well as a few controversies regarding the efficiency of some types of treatment. Spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage represents a major neurosurgical emergency. In spite of the severe prognosis of the disease, there is reason for optimism.

[Role of calcium and magnesium ions in cerebrospinal fluid in alcoholic-traumatic coma].

The goal of investigation was to determine the role of calcium and magnesium ions in the cerebrospinal fluid in ethylic-traumatic coma. We measured the level of calcium in the cerebrospinal fluid within simple photometric test and the magnesium level within xylidyl blue photometric test. We found a high mortality in patients with high level of calcium in cerebrospinal fluid and low level of magnesium in cerebrospinal fluid.

[Tumors of the third ventricle].

This paper presents 17 cases of tumours of the third ventricle which have been hospitalized, explored and treated in the Neurosurgical Clinic of the St. Trinity Hospital during the last ten years (1986-1996). There are emphasized the histopathological features of these tumours, according to pathological anatomy exams and to the dates in the literature, the main elements of the clinical picture typical for these tumours, the main paraclinical investigating methods, possibilities of healing and postoperative results.

[The evolution of the incidence of glial brain tumors in Moldova in 1981-1991: the effect of excessive accidental hyper-radioactivity].

The authors discussed the effects of nuclear accident from Chernobyl (1986) upon the histotypes of cerebral glial tumors, first diagnosed during 1981-1991 at the Department of Pathology, Neurosurgical Hospital, Iaşi. It's microscopic diagnosis was determined according to the World Health Organization criterion (1979). The investigations established a tendency to diminish the incidence of astrocytomas and to increase the oligo-astrocytic tumors number, after 1986.