[First description of the Prosimulium candicans Rubzov, 1956 males (Diptera: Simuliidae)].

First description of the previously unknown Prosimulium candicans males is given. Belonging of this species to the genus Prosimulium Roubaud, 1906 rather than to the genus Taeniopterna Enderlein, 1925 is confirmed.

[A new blackfly species Montisimulium birzhankolum Yankovsky, Isakaev et Khasanova, sp. n. (Diptera: Simuliidae) from northeastern Kazakhstan].

A new species of blackflies, Montisimulium birzhankolum Yankovsky, Isakaev et Khasanova, sp. n., is described from male, female, and pupa specimens collected in Pavlodar Province of Northeastern Kazakhstan.

[On the fauna of blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of Iran].

Collections of blacfklies from Iran have been examined; four species were recorded. Three new species are described--Tetisimulium iranicum sp. n.

[Additions to the fauna of blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of the Altai Republic].

Fauna of blackflies from the Altai Republic was investigated, four species were recorded. One new species, Sulcicnephia stekolnikovi sp. n.

[Morphology of the blackfly species group macropyga of the genus Prosimulium roubaud, 1906, and re-establishment of the generic name Taeniopterna Enderlein, 1925 for this group (Diptera: Simuliidae)].

The genus Taeniopterna with the types species Melusina macropyga Lundstrom, 1911 was proposed by Enderlein in 1925. Later this taxon was considered as the species group macropyga in the genus Prosimulium Roubaud, 1906 by many authors (Rubzov, 1956; Crosskey et Howard, 1997; Adler et al., 2004, and others).

[Blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of the Genera Hellichiella Rivosecchi et Cardinali, 1975 and Boreosimulium Rubzov et Yankovsky, 1982].

The genus name Boreosimulium Rubzov et Yankovsky, 1982 was considered for a long time as a junior synonym of the genus name Hellichiella Rivosecchi et Cardinali, 1975. The status of Boreosimulium as a separate generic (or subgeneric) name has been confirmed in the monograph by Adler, Currie and Wood (2004). In the present paper the indentification keys for the Boreosimulium and Hellichiella (subfam.

[A subjective evaluation of epibulbar and etrobulbar anesthesia in cataract phacoemulsification].

Described in the paper are comparative descriptions of the efficiency of epibulbar and retrobulbar anesthesia made through evaluating the sensation of pain experienced by patients in cataract phacoemulsification and IOL implantation. The patients (1046 subjects, aged 28 to 89) were shared between 2 groups; they received an identical premedication by midazolam, peroral administration, 3.75 mg in 1 h before surgery.

[5 new species of blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Siberia, the Far East and Central Asia].

Five new species of the family Simuliidae Stegopterna byrrangii Yankovsky, sp. n. and Cnephia chaurensis Yankovsky sp.

[4 new species of blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Central Asia, Siberia and the Far East].

Four new species of blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) are described. Helodon rezidentsii Yankovsky, sp. n.

[The procedure for the surgical treatment of spinal and spinal cord trauma in the acute period].

Examination and treatment policy is proposed for patients with complicated vertebral injury under the conditions of urgent neurosurgical service. Its practical use at Saint Petersburg city multidisciplinary hospital No. 26 in 207 patients with vertebral and spinal cord injury substantially improved the outcomes of this severe group of patients.

[Synonymy of generic and homonymy of species names for palearctic black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae)].

Some changes in the synonymy of several generic names are given (Ahaimophaga Chubareva, 1978 = Helodon Enderlein, 1921; Haimophaga Rubzov et Yankovsky, 1984 = Helodon, Enderlein, 1921; Astega Enderlein, 1930 = Cnephia Enderlein, 1921; Boreosimulium Rubsov et Yankovsky, 1982 = Hellichiella Rivosecchi et Cardinali, 1975; Odagmia Enderlein, 1921 = Simulium Latreille, 1802; Gnus Rubsov, 1940 = Simulium Latreille, 1802). For 18 preoccupied species names (junior homonyms) the new replacing names are proposed (alajensis Rubzov. 1972 = dubitskii.

[Systematics of black flies of the genus Phoretodagmia Rubzov].

A key for identification of species of the genus Phoretodagmia is given. Lectotype and paralectotypes of the species Ph. ephemerophila (Rubzov) are designated.

[New species of blackfly Wilhelmia talassica sp. n. (Diptera, Simuliidae) from Kirghizia].

A new species of black flies, Wilhelmia talassica Yankovsky, sp. n., is described from northwestern Kirgisia.

[The relationship between the population count of black fly larvae and pupae (Simuliidae) in bodies of water and the number of attacking females].

Species of black flies, which develop in abundance in water bodies of Lower Priamurje and are potentially capable of bloodsucking, have not been registered near the blood donors. Only a few number of species developing in water attack for bloodsucking that apparently depends on unfavourable conditions of the larval development. A part of emerging females do not possess sufficient nourishing resources for completion of their gonotrophic cycle and need an additional bloodsucking.