Comparative metabolomic analysis reveals shared and unique features of COVID-19 cytokine storm and surgical sepsis.

The clinical manifestations of the cytokine storm (CS) associated with COVID-19 resemble the acute phase of sepsis. Metabolomics may contribute to understanding the specific pathobiology of these two syndromes. The aim of this study was to compare serum metabolomic profiles in CS associated with COVID-19 vs.

The Regulation of Pea ( L.) Symbiotic Nodule Infection and Defense Responses by Glutathione, Homoglutathione, and Their Ratio.

In this study, the roles of glutathione (GSH), homoglutathione (hGSH), and their ratio in symbiotic nodule development and functioning, as well as in defense responses accompanying ineffective nodulation in pea () were investigated. The expression of genes involved in (h)GSH biosynthesis, thiol content, and localization of the reduced form of GSH were analyzed in nodules of wild-type pea plants and mutants (weak allele, "locked" infection threads, occasional bacterial release, and defense reactions) and (strong allele, "locked" infection threads, defense reactions), and (abnormal bacteroids, oxidative stress, early senescence, and defense reactions). The effects of (h)GSH depletion and GSH treatment on nodule number and development were also examined.