Effectiveness and safety of modified fully oral 9-month treatment regimens for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis: a prospective cohort study.

Background: In 2020, WHO guidelines prioritised the use of a standard fully oral short treatment regimen (STR) consisting of bedaquiline, levofloxacin or moxifloxacin, ethionamide, ethambutol, high-dose isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and clofazimine for the management of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis. A high prevalence of resistance to constituent drugs precluded its widespread use by countries in the WHO European region. We evaluated three 9-month fully oral modified STRs (mSTRs) in which ethionamide, ethambutol, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide were replaced by linezolid, cycloserine, or delamanid (or a combination).

Incidence and Mortality of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Ukraine: Analysis of National Surveillance Data.

Background: Improved understanding of the epidemiology and mortality risk factors of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) may facilitate successful diagnosis and management.

Methods: We analyzed national surveillance data from Ukraine to characterize EPTB subtypes (ie, localized in different anatomic sites). We calculated annual reported incidence, stratified by age, sex, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status.

Clinical manifestations and epidemiology of adolescent tuberculosis in Ukraine.

Background: During adolescence, childhood and adult forms of tuberculosis (TB) overlap, resulting in diverse disease manifestations. Knowing which patient characteristics are associated with which manifestations may facilitate diagnosis and enhance understanding of TB pathophysiology.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included 10-19-year-olds in Ukraine's national TB registry who started TB treatment between 2015 and 2018.