Ovarian cancer is the second most common gynecologic malignancy, but it is the deadliest of the gynecologic cancers. Out of 21,410 new cases of ovarian cancer in the United States in 2021, more than half were fatal. In this case study, a 53-year-old sexually active postmenopausal patient with a family history of breast cancer presented to her gynecologist for an annual exam.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHormonal derangements should be suspected whenever a patient experiences amenorrhea with no abnormal physical exam findings. Clinical suspicion is increased if she also reports psychological trauma that could affect her nervous system and, by association, her hormones since the pituitary gland is present in the brain. Additional exams that aid in the diagnosis of amenorrhea include a variety of blood panels and imaging scans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPregnancy should be suspected whenever a woman in her childbearing years misses a menstrual period. Clinical suspicion is increased if she also reports any sexual activity while not using contraception or is inconsistent in her use of contraception. Laboratory findings that aid in the diagnosis of pregnancy include the detection of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in blood or urine.
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