Predominance of CD137 And TNF-α Expressing CD8 Central Memory T Cells in Mild COVID-19 Recovered Patients Upon SARS-CoV-2 Re-Exposure.

Introduction: Memory CD8 T cells are essential for long-term immune protection in viral infections, including COVID-19.

Methods: This study examined the responses of CD8 TEM, TEMRA, and TCM subsets from unvaccinated individuals who had recovered from mild and severe COVID-19 by flow cytometry.

Results And Discussion: The peptides triggered a higher frequency of CD8 TCM cells in the recovered mild group.

Leishmaniasis: Immune Cells Crosstalk in Macrophage Polarization.

Leishmaniasis is a complex infectious parasitic disease caused by protozoa of the genus , belonging to a group of neglected tropical diseases. It establishes significant global health challenges, particularly in socio-economically disadvantaged regions. Macrophages, as innate immune cells, play a crucial role in initiating the inflammatory response against the pathogens responsible for this disease.

Leishmanicidal Activity of Guanidine Derivatives against .

Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical infectious disease with thousands of cases annually; it is of great concern to global health, particularly the most severe form, visceral leishmaniasis. Visceral leishmaniasis treatments are minimal and have severe adverse effects. As guanidine-bearing compounds have shown antimicrobial activity, we analyzed the cytotoxic effects of several guanidine-bearing compounds on in their promastigote and amastigote forms in vitro, their cytotoxicity in human cells, and their impact on reactive nitrogen species production.

Multi-purpose Disinfecting Solutions only Partially Inhibit the Development of Ocular Microbes Biofilms in Contact Lens Storage Cases.

Purpose: Certain ocular resident or pathogenic microbes may remain viable in the presence of multi-purpose disinfectant solutions (MPDSs), subsequently developing biofilms inside contact lens storage cases (CLSCs) which pose a risk of infection to wearers. This study evaluated the formation of ocular microbiota biofilms exposed to three top selling MPDS.

Methods: Crystal violet assay was carried out for the verification of biofilm formation.

Biological activity of Morita-Baylis-Hillman adduct homodimers in L. infantum and L. amazonensis: anti-Leishmania activity and cytotoxicity.

This study is a report on the anti-Leishmania activity of Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) homodimers adducts against the promastigote and axenic amastigote forms of Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum and Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis and on the cytotoxicity of these adducts to human blood cells. Both studied homodimers, MBH 1 and MBH 2, showed activity against the promastigote forms of L. infantum and L.

Ecotoxicity of water-soluble lectin from Moringa oleifera seeds to zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and larvae.

The evaluation of ecotoxicity of mosquito larvicidal agents (such as the water-soluble lectin from Moringa oleifera seeds, WSMoL) is an essential step to establish the guidelines for their use. In this sense, this work evaluated the toxicity of WSMoL to Danio rerio embryos and larvae. Embryos were exposed to waterborne WSMoL (0.

Anticonvulsive activity of (1S)-(-)-verbenone involving RNA expression of BDNF, COX-2, and c-fos.

(1S)-(-)-verbenone (VRB) is a monoterpene present in the essential oils of many plants which has shown therapeutic effect; however, its anticonvulsant activity has not yet been evaluated. The present work sought to investigate the anticonvulsant activity of VRB using pilocarpine and pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure testing; seeking also probable mechanisms of action. VRB caused no significant changes in motor coordination.