Systematic review of potential health risks posed by pharmaceutical, occupational and consumer exposures to metallic and nanoscale aluminum, aluminum oxides, aluminum hydroxide and its soluble salts.

Abstract Aluminum (Al) is a ubiquitous substance encountered both naturally (as the third most abundant element) and intentionally (used in water, foods, pharmaceuticals, and vaccines); it is also present in ambient and occupational airborne particulates. Existing data underscore the importance of Al physical and chemical forms in relation to its uptake, accumulation, and systemic bioavailability. The present review represents a systematic examination of the peer-reviewed literature on the adverse health effects of Al materials published since a previous critical evaluation compiled by Krewski et al.

Opportunities abound to improve mental health and psychological safety in the workplace.

This commentary provides a brief synopsis of the views expressed by the authors of the invited essay "The Business Case," Sari Sairanen, Deanna Matzanke and Doug Smeall. It then discusses the authors' views in light of the Mental Health Commission's framework for a Mental Health Strategy for Canada, titled Toward Recovery and Well-Being, and Dr. Martin Shain's two reports to the Mental Health Commission of Canada - Stress at Work, Mental Injury and the Law in Canada and Tracking the Perfect Legal Storm.

Risk assessment practice for essential metals.

This article addresses the content of the workshop, including a panel discussion relevant to delineation of a path forward in relation to risk assessment of essential metals. The state of the art of risk assessment and associated issues for essential metals are outlined initially, followed by brief illustration by the case studies considered at the workshop (i.e.