Acceptability measures for evaluating smoking cessation interventions among individuals with diabetes.

Background: The literature indicates that individuals with diabetes do not easily adopt smoking cessation interventions. Given that the success of such interventions depends on patient involvement and attitudes, assessing intervention acceptability, including patient satisfaction and perceived usefulness, is crucial before implementing a smoking cessation intervention. This paper reports the preliminary validation of the satisfaction and perceived usefulness questionnaires for evaluating smoking cessation interventions among individuals with diabetes.

Exploring the smoking cessation needs of individuals with diabetes using the Information-Motivation-Behavior Skills model.

Introduction: Smoking cessation is an important aspect of diabetes management. Despite the increased risk for diabetes complications when smoking, evidence suggests that people living with type 1 and type 2 diabetes are less likely to quit smoking when compared to those without diabetes. Guided by the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills model, this study aimed to identify the needs of individuals living with type 1 and type 2 diabetes to quit smoking.

Effectiveness of intensive stand-alone smoking cessation interventions for individuals with diabetes: A systematic review and intervention component analysis.

Introduction: Tobacco smoking poses a significant threat to the health of individuals living with diabetes. Intensive stand-alone smoking cessation interventions, such as multiple or long (>20 minutes) behavioral support sessions focused solely on smoking cessation, with or without the use of pharmacotherapy, increase abstinence when compared to brief advice or usual care in the general population. However, there is limited evidence so far for recommending the use of such interventions amongst individuals with diabetes.

Helping smokers with diabetes quit: A scoping review of the interventions utilised, and the challenges and barriers to smoking cessation.

Tobacco smoking is recognised as a priority in diabetes management, yet many individuals with diabetes continue to smoke beyond diagnosis. This paper identifies the most promising smoking cessation strategies by reviewing the literature reporting interventions carried out amongst this study population, and the challenges and barriers to smoking cessation. Stand-alone smoking cessation interventions which included pharmacotherapy were found to be more successful in achieving abstinence than interventions which included smoking cessation as part of a broader intervention for improving diabetes management.

Strategies to improve response rates to web surveys: A literature review.

Background: The development of the web survey has led to significant strides in questionnaire survey methodology, including its potential to substantially increase sample sizes at minimal costs. Despite its advantages, web surveys typically achieve lower response rates from participants compared to more conventional survey methods.

Objective: The aim of this review was to evaluate strategies to increase the response rate to web surveys.

Cochrane reviews of educational and self-management interventions to guide nursing practice: A review.

Background: The burden of chronic disease on healthcare services worldwide continues to grow, and the increased development of educational interventions which help patients to better manage their own condition is evident internationally.

Objectives: This paper reports on findings of an updated review of Cochrane systematic reviews of interventions designed to improve patients' knowledge and skills to manage chronic disease, with particular reference to nursing contribution and practice.

Methods: A broad search strategy was used to search the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews to identify reviews of patient education, self-management, and self-care studies.

An online mindfulness intervention to enhance compassion in nursing practice: A feasibility and acceptability study with nursing students.

Background: Compassion is an important component of nursing care, but public enquiries into care failures have noted that it is not always evident. Mindfulness interventions have the potential to support compassion. However, the feasibility of delivering a mindfulness intervention at scale to nursing students has not been established.

The relationship between healthcare workers' attachment styles and patient outcomes: a systematic review.

Purpose: To examine whether attachment styles of healthcare workers influence the quality of their relationships with patients, or impact patients' health outcomes.

Data Source: Literature database searches on the CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, MEDLINE and PsyCinfo, and hand searching of reference lists of the retained articles.

Study Selection: Original empirical studies reporting an analysis of the relationship of interest were selected for review.

Redefining Cut-Points for High Symptom Burden of the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease Classification in 18,577 Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Background: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can be classified into groups A/C or B/D based on symptom intensity. Different threshold values for symptom questionnaires can result in misclassification and, in turn, different treatment recommendations. The primary aim was to find the best fitting cut-points for Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) symptom measures, with an modified Medical Research Council dyspnea grade of 2 or higher as point of reference.

What is the impact of professional nursing on patients' outcomes globally? An overview of research evidence.

Background: Nursing is an integral part of all healthcare services, and has the potential of having a wide and enduring impact on health outcomes for a global ageing population. Over time nurses have developed new roles and assumed greater responsibilities. It is increasingly important to demonstrate the safety and overall impact of nurses' practice through research, to support the case for greater investment and development of nursing services around the world.

Internet-Delivered Self-management Support for Improving Coronary Heart Disease and Self-management-Related Outcomes: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, including mental health comorbidity, which is associated with poor outcomes. Self-management is key, but there is limited access to self-management support. Internet-delivered interventions may increase access.

Best Practices and Innovations for Managing Codeine Misuse and Dependence.

Purpose: Promoting and ensuring safe use of codeine containing medicines remains a public health issue given the rise in reporting of misuse and dependence particularly in countries where available over-the-counter (OTC). The aim of this unique study was to identify best practices in management of opioid abuse and dependence, particularly codeine, and innovations to meet challenges surrounding safe and compliant use, patient awareness-raising, reducing health harms and enhancing successful treatment of dependence.

Methods: A mixed methods approach using three data points was used that included : (1) analysis of data from existing scoping reviews to identify potential areas for innovation (2) interviews with key national stakeholders from public health, pharmaceutical, regulatory, primary care and addiction practice in three distinct regulatory regimes (Ireland, United Kingdom and South Africa); and (3) a circular email request for information on potential innovations to members of the European Medicine's Agency European Network of Centres for Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacovigilance (ENCEPP).

The Space From Heart Disease Intervention for People With Cardiovascular Disease and Distress: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Background: Poor self-management of symptoms and psychological distress leads to worse outcomes and excess health service use in cardiovascular disease (CVD). Online-delivered therapy is effective, but generic interventions lack relevance for people with specific long-term conditions, such as cardiovascular disease.

Objective: To develop a comprehensive online CVD-specific intervention to improve both self-management and well-being, and to test acceptability and feasibility.

Nurses' attitudes towards older people and working with older patients: an explanatory model.

Aim: To establish an explanatory model of registered nurses' attitudes towards older people and working with older patients.

Background: Increasing demands for health-care from an ageing population will require a higher proportion of nurses who have positive attitudes towards older people and like working with older patients.

Method: A convenience sample of registered nurses (n = 579; 79.

[Interprofessional education: training for healthcare professionals for teamwork focusing on users].

The theoretical constructs of interprofessional education (IPE) are analyzed based on two reviews of the literature, taking the context of training for healthcare professionals in Brazil into consideration. Three types of training are identified: uniprofessional, multiprofessional and interprofessional, with predominance of the first type. The first occurs among students of the same profession, in isolation; the second occurs among students of two or more professions, in parallel without interaction; and the third involves shared learning, with interaction between students and/or professionals from different fields.

Nurses' self-efficacy and practices relating to weight management of adult patients: a path analysis.

Background: Health professionals play a key role in the prevention and treatment of excess weight and obesity, but many have expressed a lack of confidence in their ability to manage obese patients with their delivery of weight-management care remaining limited. The specific mechanism underlying inadequate practices in professional weight management remains unclear. The primary purpose of this study was to examine a self-efficacy theory-based model in understanding Registered Nurses' (RNs) professional performance relating to weight management.

Alcohol brief intervention in community pharmacies: a feasibility study of outcomes and customer experiences.

Background: Studies indicate that community pharmacy-based alcohol brief intervention (BI) is feasible. However, few studies report significant reductions in post-BI alcohol consumption and customer experience. Cost-effectiveness has not been previously examined.

Physical activity in older people: a systematic review.

Background: Physical activity (PA) in older people is critically important in the prevention of disease, maintenance of independence and improvement of quality of life. Little is known about the physical activity of the older adults or their compliance with current physical activity guidelines.

Methods: A systematic literature search of the published literature was conducted.

Nurses' misperceptions of weight status associated with their body weight, demographics and health status.

Objective: To assess the agreement between self-perceived weight status and BMI status, calculated from self-reported height and weight, in nurses and to evaluate the relationship between weight status misperceptions and personal body weight, demographics and health status.

Design: Cross-sectional questionnaire survey.

Setting: A large university in London, UK.

Nurses' attitudes towards older people: a systematic review.

Background: The population is ageing globally. Older people are more likely to have chronic diseases and disabilities and have contact with health services. Attitudes of healthcare professionals affect the quality of care provided and individual career preferences.

The impact of training and delivering alcohol brief intervention on the knowledge and attitudes of community pharmacists: a before and after study.

Introduction And Aims: Alcohol misuse is the third leading cause of ill health in the UK. Alcohol brief intervention can identify risky drinkers and motivate individuals to take action. Community pharmacists have been identified as having a role in providing brief interventions.

Health professionals' attitudes toward older people and older patients: a systematic review.

Attitudes toward older people and older patients among healthcare professionals are of concern throughout the world, but there are no recent systematic reviews which have examined and compared the attitudes across the various healthcare professionals who provide healthcare to older people. A comprehensive literature search (2000-2011) was undertaken on electronic databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, British Nursing Index, PsycINFO, Chinese Biomedical database, China Medical Academic Conference and China Academic Journal) using a combination of terms. We identified 2179 articles indexed with these terms.

Nurses' vaccination against pandemic H1N1 influenza and their knowledge and other factors.

This study aimed to estimate the vaccination coverage against the pandemic H1N1 influenza in a group of nurses and determine the factors associated with their vaccination behaviours. An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire was distributed to a convenience sample of nurses who were enrolled on continuing professional education courses in a university in London. The survey response rate was 77.

Development and testing of an instrument to assess nurses' knowledge, risk perception, health beliefs and behaviours related to influenza vaccination.

Aims And Objectives: To develop an instrument to measure nurses' knowledge, risk perception and health beliefs towards influenza and influenza vaccination and their vaccination behaviours and evaluate its construct validity and internal consistency reliability.

Background: Although instruments to assess predictors of nurses' vaccination behaviours have been developed, their validity and reliability have not been reported.

Design: Instrument development and initial validity and reliability testing.

A structured protocol of evidence-based conservative care compared with usual care for acute nonspecific low back pain: a randomized clinical trial.

Objective: To compare a protocol of evidence-based conservative care with usual care for acute nonspecific low back pain (LBP) of less than 6 weeks' duration.

Design: Parallel-group randomized trial.

Setting: Three practices in the United Kingdom.