Altered brain function, structure, and developmental trajectory in children born late preterm.

Background: Late preterm birth (34-36 wk gestation) is a common occurrence with potential for altered brain development.

Methods: This observational cohort study compared children at age 6-13 y based on the presence or absence of the historical risk factor of late preterm birth. Children completed a battery of cognitive assessments and underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the brain.