Dynamic dentin: A quantitative microscopic assessment of age and spatial changes to matrix architecture, peritubular dentin, and collagens types I and III.

To investigate age and site-related changes to human dentin collagen, sound human teeth collected from donors aged 13-29 (young) and 50-74 (aged) years (n = 9/group) were cut to shallow and deep sites. Dentin collagen orientation and fibril bundling was investigated using the Picrosirius Red (PSR) stain observed under cross-polarized light microscopy (Pol), and collagen distribution was investigated using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM). Collagen types III to I distribution in peritubular dentin (PTD) was revealed using Herovici stain and brightfield microscopy.

Coronal dentin differs between young and mature adult humans: A systematic review.

Objective: This systematic review examines the effect of age on changes to coronal dentin properties.

Design: Pubmed, Cinhal, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane Database were searched for publications up to 31 December 2021. All studies were uploaded and reviewed using Covidence software.

Effect of dentine site on resin and cement adaptation tested using X-ray and electron microscopy to evaluate bond durability and adhesive interfaces.

Glass ionomer (GI) cements and self-etch (SE) or universal adhesives after etching (ER) adapt variably with dentine. Dentine characteristics vary with depth (deep/shallow), location (central/peripheral), and microscopic site (intertubular/peritubular). To directly compare adhesion to dentine, non-destructive imaging and testing are required.

Does dentine mineral change with anatomical location, microscopic site and patient age?

Objective: To determine the effect of patient age (young or mature), anatomical location (shallow/deep and central/peripheral) and microscopic site (intertubular/peritubular) on dentine mineral density, distribution and composition.

Methods: Extracted posterior teeth from young (aged 19-20 years, N = 4) and mature (aged 54-77 years, N = 4) subjects were prepared to shallow and deep slices. The dentine surface elemental composition was investigated in a SEM using Backscattered Electron (BSE) micrographs, Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy, and Integrated Mineral Analysis.

Acid Resistance of Glass Ionomer Cement Restorative Materials.

In view of the need for aesthetics, restorations of teeth will typically be completed using tooth colored restorative materials. With the advent of biomimetic restorative materials, such as glass ionomer cements (GIC), much greater emphasis is now being placed on how well such materials can resist the challenge of acids that are present in foods and drinks, or gastric contents that are regurgitated. This laboratory study compared the dissolution and behavior of five GIC materials (GC Fuji VII, GC Fuji Bulk, GC Fuji IX Fast, Fuji IX Extra and GC Equia Forte Fil) when exposed to three acids (citric acid, phosphoric acid and lactic acid), versus ultrapure deionized water, which was used as a control.

Recharge pattern of contemporary glass ionomer restoratives.

Background: As glass ionomers have the ability to reload fluoride from outside sources, the aim was to compare the recharge pattern of six glass ionomer cements after exposure to fluoride.

Materials And Methods: Fuji VII, Fuji IX, Riva Pink, Riva Bleach, Ketac Fil and Fuji IX Extra were investigated. The fluoride-containing materials used were tooth paste and mouth wash (Colgate).

Effect of air abrasion and thermocycling on resin adaptation and shear bond strength to dentin for an etch-and-rinse and self-etch resin adhesive.

This study examined the effect of air abrasion and thermocycling on the adaptation and shear bond strength, of composite resin bonded to dentin using etch-and-rinse and self-etch resin adhesives. Confocal microscopy showed both adhesives closely adapted to dentin and a significantly (p<0.001) greater number of resin tags were observed for the etch-and-rinse adhesive.

Laser activation of endodontic irrigants with improved conical laser fiber tips for removing smear layer in the apical third of the root canal.

With a tube etching process, conical-ended optical fibers for middle infrared lasers that have lateral emissions can be produced, a feature of benefit for delivering laser energy onto the root canal walls. This study examined the ability of these improved laser tips when Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG lasers were used in root canals in which thick smear layers had been created intentionally to provide a challenge for the laser system. Smear layer was assessed from scanning electron microscopy images with an objective digital method.

Diagnosis and management of the worn dentition: conservative restorative options.

A technique is presented for the use of a transparent polyvinyl siloxane template constructed from a diagnostic wax-up to rapidly reproduce the anatomical structure with direct restorative materials in the mouth. This technique is beneficial for a number of geriatric patients who would be unable to undertake long and complex dental treatment sessions and provides an alternative for those unable to meet the immediate costs of multiple indirect restorations. Consideration of increases in vertical dimension to create space for the new restorations and reconstruction utilizing a combination of direct and indirect procedures provides control and predictability over the final restorative result.

Diagnosis and management of the worn dentition: risk management and pre-restorative strategies for the oral and dental environment.

The incidence of tooth wear or non-carious tooth surface loss (NCTSL) is increasing and oral rehabilitation of patients with tooth tissue loss requires strategies that address all the factors relevant to the aetiology and pathogenesis of the disease. The multifactorial nature of the disease and the variability in its clinical presentation provides treatment challenges for the clinician. Management of tooth wear must be more than just restoration.

Introducing the pressure-sensing palatograph--the next frontier in electropalatography.

Primary Objective: To extend the capabilities of current electropalatography (EPG) systems by developing a pressure-sensing EPG system. An initial trial of a prototype pressure-sensing palate will be presented.

Research Design: The processes involved in designing the pressure sensors are outlined, with Hall effect transistors being selected.

Depth of cure and surface microhardness of composite resin cured with blue LED curing lights.

Objectives: This study examined the depth of cure and surface microhardness of Filtek Z250 composite resin (3M-Espe) (shades B1, A3, and C4) when cured with three commercially available light emitting diode (LED) curing lights [E-light (GC), Elipar Freelight (3M-ESPE), 475H (RF Lab Systems)], compared with a high intensity quartz tungsten halogen (HQTH) light (Kerr Demetron Optilux 501) and a conventional quartz tungsten halogen (QTH) lamp (Sirona S1 dental unit).

Methods: The effects of light source and resin shade were evaluated as independent variables. Depth of cure after 40 s of exposure was determined using the ISO 4049:2000 method, and Vickers hardness determined at 1.