Effect of fluoridated water on invasive NHS dental treatments for adults: the LOTUS retrospective cohort study and economic evaluation.

Background: Most water fluoridation studies were conducted on children before the widespread introduction of fluoride toothpastes. There is a lack of evidence that can be applied to contemporary populations, particularly adolescents and adults.

Objective: To pragmatically assess the clinical and cost effectiveness of water fluoridation for preventing dental treatment and improving oral health in a contemporary population of adults, using a natural experiment design.

A Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial of a Targeted Distributed Toothpaste and Toothbrushing Programme.

Introduction: The aim was to assess the effectiveness of a distributed, targeted toothbrush and toothpaste programme on referrals for tooth extraction under Dental General Anaesthetic (DGA), in children of high-risk families compared to usual care.

Methods: A recruiter and assessor-blinded, clustered parallel randomised control trial (RCT). Families with one or more children aged between 3 and 10 years having undergone a DGA operation for extraction of carious teeth, were approached within hospitals in the North West of England.

Supporting post-pandemic recovery: a qualitative study of the capabilities, opportunities and motivations to deliver oral health behaviour change messages to parents of young children in community settings.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated vulnerabilities and inequalities in children's oral health, and treatment activity virtually ceased during periods of lockdown. Primary care dentistry is still in the post-pandemic recovery phase, and it may be some years before normal service is resumed in NHS dentistry. However, opportunities to support the dental workforce through offering some preventative care in outreach settings may exist.

The CATFISH study: An evaluation of a water fluoridation program in Cumbria, UK.

Objectives: The objective was to assess the effectiveness of a Water Fluoridation program on a contemporary population of children.

Methods: The study used a longitudinal prospective cohort design. In Cumbria, England, two groups of children were recruited and observed over a period of 5-6 years.

Economic evaluation of a water fluoridation scheme in Cumbria, UK.

Objectives: The addition of fluoride to community drinking water supplies has been a long-standing public health intervention to improve dental health. However, the evidence of cost-effectiveness in the UK currently lacks a contemporary focus, being limited to a period with higher incidence of caries. A water fluoridation scheme in West Cumbria, United Kingdom, provided a unique opportunity to study the contemporary impact of water fluoridation.

How effective and cost-effective is water fluoridation for adults and adolescents? The LOTUS 10-year retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To pragmatically assess the clinical and cost-effectiveness of water fluoridation for preventing dental treatment and improving oral health in a contemporary population of adults and adolescents, using a natural experiment design.

Methods: A 10-year retrospective cohort study (2010-2020) using routinely collected NHS dental treatment claims data. Participants were patients aged 12 years and over, attending NHS primary dental care services in England (17.

Effect of Fluoride Release on Enamel Demineralization Adjacent to Orthodontic Brackets.

Introduction And Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the ability of fluoride-releasing adhesives to inhibit enamel demineralization surrounding orthodontic brackets.

Methods: Two groups of 40 sound human premolars were sectioned mesio-distally. The halves were varnished, and orthodontic brackets were bonded with different adhesive materials.

The use of radiographs to assess the impact of the distance between the contact area and the crest of the bone to predict the presence or absence of interdental papilla: an in vivo study.

Introduction Black triangles (interdental papilla) pose an aesthetic problem for both the patient and the clinician. They also can have an impact on phonetics and periodontal health. It is useful to predict the presence of a black triangle to inform the patient of potential aesthetic compromises.

Review of 1.75 million referrals over 34 months identifies the disruptive impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on oral surgery care in England: a service evaluation.

Aims This study aimed to use electronic referral management system (eRMS) oral surgery data across multiple sites in England to evaluate the service over a 34-month period in relation to: 1) pre- and post-pandemic referral rates in oral surgery; 2) examining the data for signs of inequality in obtaining a referral for oral surgery; and 3) considering the impact on service provision for oral surgery in England.Methods Oral surgery referral data were available from an eRMS for areas of England covered by this service for the 34-month period of March 2019 to December 2021 (inclusive), which included 12 months of pre-pandemic data and the first 22 months of the pandemic. The data were from the following regions in England: Central Midlands; Cheshire and Merseyside; East Anglia and Essex; Greater Manchester; Lancashire; Thames Valley; and Yorkshire and the Humber.

Bedtime Routines Intervention for Children (BRIC) project: results from a non-randomised feasibility, proof-of concept study.

Background: Bedtime routines are highly recurrent family activities with implications for children's wellbeing, development and health.

Aims: The objective of this study is to co-develop and test in a feasibility, proof-of-concept study a bedtime routines intervention using text messages aimed at first-time parents with young children.

Methods: Fifty first-time parents with children aged 1-3 years were recruited for this study.

An evaluation of referrer factors for 98,671 referrals made to the West Yorkshire oral surgery managed clinical network over a three-year period.

Introduction Patients referred from primary dental care to hospital-based specialists in high volumes can contribute to significant NHS service pressures. Surprisingly, little is understood about what contributes to referral factors.Aims To gain new insight into the referral factors from primary dental care by interrogating the tri-speciality West Yorkshire managed clinical network (MCN) referral pathway data for a 36-month period (2016-2019).

Unlocking the potential of NHS primary care dental datasets.

Introduction Maximising the use of routinely collected health data for research is a key part of the UK Government's Industrial Strategy. Rich data are generated by NHS primary care dental services, but the extent of their use in research is unknown.Aims To profile the utility of the post-2006 NHS dental datasets for research, map how they have been used to date and develop recommendations to maximise their utility.

Up to 7% of referrals to oral and maxillofacial surgery are related to medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws: how much is really out there?

Introduction: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) is generally described as rare; therefore, firm incidence data are challenging to ascertain.

Aim: Using two sites in Northwest England, ascertain the number of referrals to oral and maxillofacial surgery involving: Suspected MRONJ. Patients at risk of MRONJ requiring a dentoalveolar procedure.

Assessing the reliability of automatic sentiment analysis tools on rating the sentiment of reviews of NHS dental practices in England.

Background: Online reviews may act as a rich source of data to assess the quality of dental practices. Assessing the content and sentiment of reviews on a large scale is time consuming and expensive. Automation of the process of assigning sentiment to big data samples of reviews may allow for reviews to be used as Patient Reported Experience Measures for primary care dentistry.

Dental extractions in primary care for patients at risk of MRONJ.

Aims This study aims to understand the experiences of general dental practitioners (GDPs) performing dental extractions for patients at risk of developing medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) and to identify the key features of the patients who are referred to secondary care for their extractions.Materials and methods A mixed-method study consisting of quantitative analysis of anonymised electronic referrals and thematic analysis of in-depth telephone interviews with GDPs.Results In total, 122 electronic referrals for patients at risk of MRONJ were identified.

Bedtime Routine Characteristics and Activities in Families with Young Children in the North of England.

Bedtime routines have been shown to have significant associations with health, wellbeing and development outcomes for children and parents. Despite the importance of bedtime routines, most research has been carried out in the United States, with little information on bedtime routine characteristics and activities for families in other countries such as the United Kingdom and England in particular. Additionally, little is known about the possible effects of weekends vs.

Bedtime Oral Hygiene Behaviours, Dietary Habits and Children's Dental Health.

Oral hygiene behaviours as well as dietary habits before bed can affect children's dental health resulting in higher prevalence of dental disease. Dental disease can affect children's health, development and even school performance. If left untreated, dental disease can progress and it can lead to extractions under general anaesthetic causing further distress for children and families.

Defining and measuring bedtime routines in families with young children-A DELPHI process for reaching wider consensus.

Introduction: Bedtime routines are one of the most common family activities. They affect children' wellbeing, development and health. Despite their importance, there is limited evidence and agreement on what constitutes an optimal bedtime routine.

Perceived Barriers and Facilitators for Bedtime Routines in Families with Young Children.

Objectives: Bedtime routines are a highly recurrent family activity with important health, social and behavioural implications. This study examined perceived barriers to, and facilitators of, formulating, establishing, and maintaining optimal bedtime routines in families with young children.

Design: Participants completed a semi-structured interview based on the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF).

An Interactive Text Message Survey as a Novel Assessment for Bedtime Routines in Public Health Research: Observational Study.

Background: Traditional research approaches, especially questionnaires and paper-based assessments, limit in-depth understanding of the fluid dynamic processes associated with child well-being and development. This includes bedtime routine activities such as toothbrushing and reading a book before bed. The increase in innovative digital technologies alongside greater use and familiarity among the public creates unique opportunities to use these technical developments in research.

Increasing questionnaire response: evidence from a nested RCT within a longitudinal birth cohort study.

Background: High response rates are essential when questionnaires are used within research, as representativeness can affect the validity of studies and the ability to generalise the findings to a wider population. The study aimed to measure the response rate to questionnaires from a large longitudinal epidemiological study and sought to determine if any changes made throughout data collection had a positive impact on the response to questionnaires and addressed any imbalance in response rates by participants' levels of deprivation.

Methods: Data were taken from a prospective, comparative study, designed to examine the effects of the reintroduction of water fluoridation on children's oral health over a five-year period.

Bedtime Routines Intervention for Children (BRIC) using an automated text messaging system for behaviour change: study protocol for an early phase study.

Background: This work concerns the activities in the last hour before bed for young children born to first-time parents, so called bedtime routines (BTR). These activities include amongst others tooth brushing, reading a book, having a bath and avoiding food and drinks before bed. Having a set bedtime at a suitable hour is also very important.