Gastric perforation secondary to incarcerated para-esophageal hiatal hernia in a French bulldog.

A 6-month-old, intact female, French bulldog was presented to the Emergency Department for evaluation of vomiting and diarrhea over the preceding week which had not responded to supportive medical therapy. Imaging studies identified an incarcerated para-esophageal hernia with peritoneal effusion and gas consistent with gastrointestinal perforation. Following stabilization, the dog underwent an exploratory laparotomy which confirmed an incarcerated hiatal hernia and gastric perforation.

Clinical review of high-flow nasal oxygen therapy in human and veterinary patients.

Oxygen therapy is the first-line treatment for hypoxemic acute respiratory failure. In veterinary medicine this has traditionally been provided mask, low-flow nasal oxygen cannulas, oxygen cages and invasive positive pressure ventilation. Traditional non-invasive modalities are limited by the maximum flow rate and fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO) that can be delivered, variability in oxygen delivery and patient compliance.

Successful medical management of perinephric abscess and urosepsis following urethral obstruction in a cat.

Objective: To describe the clinical presentation and medical management of a cat with perinephric abscessation and urosepsis following urethral obstruction and catheterization.

Case Summary: A 2-year-old intact male domestic shorthaired cat presented to an emergency and referral center for lethargy, vomiting, and hematuria. Severe azotemia and hyperkalemia were observed on a serum biochemistry panel.

Traumatic Pulmonary Pseudocysts in a Young Dog Following Non-penetrating Blunt Thoracic Trauma.

Traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts following non-penetrating blunt thoracic trauma is a well-described phenomenon in the human literature, while in veterinary medicine, this disease process is rarely reported and poorly described in the current literature available. This case report describes a 1.5-year-old male castrated Labrador retriever with findings of pulmonary cysts following a road traffic accident.

Hypertriglyceridemia and transient corneal lipidosis in a cat following intravenous lipid therapy for permethrin toxicosis.

An 8-year-old male neutered domestic shorthair cat developed corneal lipidosis and marked hypertriglyceridemia approximately 36 hours after intravenous lipid therapy (IVLT) for the treatment of permethrin toxicosis. The cat's ocular changes resolved approximately 72 hours after IVLT without treatment. This study reports a rare complication of IVLT.

Evaluation of oxygen administration with a high-flow nasal cannula to clinically normal dogs.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and efficacy of oxygen administration by use of a high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in sedated clinically normal dogs. ANIMALS 6 healthy adult dogs undergoing routine dental prophylaxis. PROCEDURES Dogs were sedated with butorphanol tartrate and dexmedetomidine.

Dexmedetomidine to control signs associated with lisdexamfetamine dimesylate toxidrome in a cat.

A 5-month-old intact female domestic shorthaired cat had mydriasis, agitation, and increased locomotion after ingestion of lisdexamfetamine, 10.3 mg/kg body weight (BW). Despite treatment with IV fluids, IV acepromazine, oral cyproheptadine and intravenous lipid emulsion the patient's clinical signs worsened.

Retrospective evaluation of the effect of high flow oxygen therapy delivered by nasal cannula on PaO2 in dogs with moderate-to-severe hypoxemia.

Objective: To describe the effects of high flow oxygen therapy (HFOT) in canine patients failing traditional oxygen therapy (TOT).

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: Private referral practice.

Acute kidney injury in severe sepsis: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment recommendations.

Objective: To review the unique pathophysiology of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and highlight the relevant aspects of the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury that may apply to veterinary patients.

Data Sources: Electronic search of MEDLINE database.

Human Data Synthesis: Sepsis-induced AKI is diagnosed in up to 47% of human ICU patients and is seen as a major public health concern associated with increased mortality and increased progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD).

The role of antimicrobials in the treatment of sepsis and critical illness-related bacterial infections: examination of the evidence.

Objective: To appraise the evidence behind the Surviving Sepsis Campaign Guidelines on antimicrobial therapy in sepsis and evaluate relevant literature in small animal veterinary critical care.

Data Source: Electronic searches using MEDLINE and EMBASE databases.

Human Data Synthesis: Current recommendations are to administer appropriate antimicrobials within 1 hour of a diagnosis of severe sepsis or septic shock.

Impact of appropriate empirical antimicrobial therapy on outcome of dogs with septic peritonitis.

Objective: To determine whether appropriate empirical antimicrobial therapy influenced survival in dogs with septic peritonitis.

Design: Retrospective case series (2003-2011).

Setting: University teaching hospital.

Evaluation of acute congestive heart failure in dogs and cats: 145 cases (2007-2008).

Objective: To characterize the clinical presentation, management, and in-hospital outcomes of dogs and cats diagnosed with acute congestive heart failure (CHF).

Design: Retrospective study of animals seen between January 2007 and May 2008.

Setting: Emergency service at a university teaching hospital.

Clinical investigation of a point-of-care blood ammonia analyzer.

Background: Hyperammonemia has frequently been implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy. Blood ammonia determination requires minimal delay between sampling and analysis for accurate results.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the PocketChem BA, a new point-of-care (POC) blood ammonia analyzer for clinical use by determining machine precision, linearity, repeatability, and accuracy.