Exploring the burden of paediatric acute otitis media with discharge in the UK: a qualitative study.

Background: Acute otitis media with discharge (AOMd) results from a tympanic membrane perforation secondary to a middle ear infection. Currently, the impact of AOMd on children and young people (CYP) and their families is not well understood. There is also a need to explore the experience of healthcare professionals in treating AOMd.

Incidence, antimicrobial prescribing practice, and associated healthcare costs of paediatric otorrhoea in primary care in the UK: a longitudinal population study.

Background: Paediatric otorrhoea (PO) is a symptom-based diagnosis encompassing acute and chronic ear infections that cause otorrhoea in children and young people (CYP).

Aim: To understand the burden of PO on primary care services.

Design And Setting: This was a longitudinal population study in UK primary care.

Novel approach for tracheal resection in Morquio a syndrome with end-stage critical airway obstruction: a UK case series.

Background: Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type IVA is a rare lysosomal storage disorder caused by aberrations of the N-acetyl-galactosamine-6-sulfatase (GALNS) enzyme. MPS IVA is associated with a wide gamut of respiratory and airway disorders that manifest in a continuum of severity. In individuals exhibiting severe phenotypic expression, terminal stages of the disease frequently culminate in life-threatening, critical airway obstruction.

Understanding, experience and attitudes towards artificial intelligence technologies for clinical decision support in hearing health: a mixed-methods survey of healthcare professionals in the UK.

Objectives: Clinician acceptance influences technology adoption, but UK health professionals' attitudes towards artificial intelligence (AI) in hearing healthcare are unclear. This study aimed to address this knowledge gap.

Methods: An online survey, based on the Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys, was distributed to audiologists, ENT specialists and general practitioners.

Paediatric percutaneous bone anchored hearing aid implant failures: Comparing the experience of a tertiary centre with a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis.

Background: Despite the proven audiological benefits of Percutaneous Bone Anchored Hearing Aids (BAHAs) in paediatric patients with conductive or mixed hearing loss, their adoption has been limited due to concerns over implant failure and associated complications. This paper conducts a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the prevalence of implant failure in paediatric populations, combined with a case series from our tertiary referral centre.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search identified 562 articles, from which 34 were included in the review, covering 1599 implants in 1285 patients.

Hearing preservation in paediatric cochlear implantation with the Nucleus Slim Straight Electrode - our experience.

Objective: to evaluate the levels of successful hearing preservation and preservation of functional hearing following cochlear implantation (HPCI) in children using the Cochlear Nucleus® Slim Straight Electrode (SSE).

Design: retrospective case note review of paediatric HPCI cases in our CI centre from 2013 to 2023. Inclusion criteria were attempted hearing preservation surgery, SSE used for implantation, pre-operative hearing thresholds ≤80dBHL at 250 Hz, CI before 18 years of age.

Exploring NICU nurses' views of a novel genetic point-of-care test identifying neonates at risk of antibiotic-induced ototoxicity: A qualitative study.

Aim: To explore the views of neonatal intensive care nursing staff on the deliverability of a novel genetic point-of-care test detecting a genetic variant associated with antibiotic-induced ototoxicity.

Design: An interpretive, descriptive, qualitative interview study.

Methods: Data were collected using semi-structured interviews undertaken between January and November 2020.

Outcome measures for use in trials of paediatric otorrhoea: A systematic review.

Introduction: Paediatric otorrhoea (PO) describes a middle ear infection that results in a perforation of the tympanic membrane and ear discharge, in children and young people (CYP). Prolonged infection may be associated with hearing loss and developmental delay. The current management of paediatric otorrhoea is variable, including non-invasive treatments (conservative, oral antibiotics, topical antibiotics) and surgery, reflecting the lack of a sufficiently strong evidence base.

Enlarged Vestibular Aqueduct and Associated Inner Ear Malformations: Hearing Loss Prognostic Factors and Data Modeling from an International Cohort.

Ackground: There is a need to operationalize existing clinical data to support precision medicine in progressive hearing loss (HL). By utilizing enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) and its associated inner ear abnormalities as an exemplar, we model data from a large international cohort, confirm prognostic factors for HL, and explore the potential to generate a prediction model to optimize current management paradigms.

Methods: An international retrospective cohort study.

Virtual reality in simulation-based emergency skills training: A systematic review with a narrative synthesis.

Objective: An important role is predicted for virtual reality (VR) in the future of medical education. We performed a systematic review of the literature with a narrative synthesis, to examine the current evidence for VR in simulation-based emergency skills training. We broadly define emergency skills as any clinical skill used in the emergency care of patients across all clinical settings.

Mobile audiometry for hearing threshold assessment: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Technological advancements in mobile audiometry (MA) have enabled hearing assessment using tablets and smartphones. This systematic review (PROSPERO ID: CRD42021274761) aimed to identify MA options available to health providers, assess their accuracy in measuring hearing thresholds, and explore factors that might influence their accuracy.

Design And Setting: A systematic search of online databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Evidence Search and Dynamed was conducted on 13th December 2021, and repeated on 30th October 2022, using appropriate Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms.

Risk factors associated with the development of chronic suppurative otitis media in children: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is defined as persistent discharge through a tympanic membrane perforation for greater than 2 weeks. It is associated with a significant disease burden, including hearing loss, and reducing its incidence could significantly improve short- and long-term health. We aimed to identify risk factors associated with the development of CSOM in children.

Protocol for the Paediatric Otorrhoea Study (POSt): a multi-methods study to understand the burden of paediatric otorrhoea in the UK.

Introduction: Paediatric otorrhoea (PO) refers to the leakage of fluid through a perforation in the ear drum, resulting from an infection of the middle ear of a child or young person (CYP). PO frequently results in hearing loss which may lead to developmental delay, restricted communication and reduced educational attainment.Epidemiological information for PO is largely derived from low-income countries.

Children using a unilateral cochlear implant and contralateral hearing aid: bimodal hearing outcomes when one ear is outside the UK (NICE 2009) audiological criteria for cochlear implantation - a single site case-control study.

Introduction: In the new revised National Institute for Health & Care Excellence (NICE, TA566, 2019) guidelines for cochlear implantation (CI) have clearly stipulated that the hearing loss must be bilateral. Prior to this revision, children and young people (CYP) with asymmetrical thresholds have been considered for unilateral CI when one ear was in audiological criteria. Children with asymmetrical hearing loss represent an important cohort of potential CI candidates, who will continue to be prevented from benefiting from CI unless evidence is produced to support implantation and maximise subsequent benefit.

Tracheal Resection for Critical Airway Obstruction in Morquio A Syndrome.

Introduction: The primary cause of death in Morquio A syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) IVA) is airway obstruction, brought about by an inexorable and pathognomonic multilevel airway tortuosity, buckling, and obstruction. The relative pathophysiological contributions of an inherent cartilage processing defect versus a mismatch in longitudinal growth between the trachea and the thoracic cage are currently a subject of debate. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) and multidisciplinary management continue to improve life expectancy for Morquio A patients by slowing many of the multisystem pathological consequences of the disease but are not as effective at reversing established pathology.

Can MRI biomarkers for hearing loss in enlarged vestibular aqueduct be measured reproducibly?

Objective: Morphological features of an enlarged endolymphatic duct (ED) and sac (ES) are imaging biomarkers for genotype and hearing loss phenotype. We determine which biomarkers can be measured in a reproducible manner, facilitating further clinical prediction studies in enlarged vestibular aqueduct hearing loss.

Methods: A rater reproducibility study.

'Real-life' benefit of hearing preservation cochlear implantation in the paediatric population: a single-site case-control study.

Introduction: Cochlear implantation with hearing preservation (HPCI) has allowed a cochlear implant (CI) electrode to be implanted while trying to preserve residual acoustic low-frequency hearing. The concept arises from the importance of this low-frequency information and the limitations of a CI in several auditory domains. The combination of electrical hearing with either preserved acoustic hearing or amplified 'natural' hearing has the potential to address these issues and enable children with HPCI to closely follow normal auditory development.

Column-based cortical depth analysis of the diffusion anisotropy and radiality in submillimeter whole-brain diffusion tensor imaging of the human cortical gray matter in vivo.

High-resolution diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can noninvasively probe the microstructure of cortical gray matter in vivo. In this study, 0.9-mm isotropic whole-brain DTI data were acquired in healthy subjects with an efficient multi-band multi-shot echo-planar imaging sequence.

Listening effort and downstream effects due to hearing loss in children and young people: an online quantitative questionnaire-based observational study.

Introduction: The clinical application of listening effort (LE) is challenging due to the lack of consensus regarding measuring the concept. Correlational analysis between different measuring instruments shows conditional and weak relationships, indicating they capture different dimensions of LE. Current research has suggested possible links between LE and downstream consequences such as fatigue, stress and confidence.

Exploring the Correlations Between Measures of Listening Effort in Adults and Children: A Systematic Review with Narrative Synthesis.

Listening effort (LE) describes the cognitive resources needed to process an auditory message. Our understanding of this notion remains in its infancy, hindering our ability to appreciate how it impacts individuals with hearing impairment effectively. Despite the myriad of proposed measurement tools, a validated method remains elusive.

Minimally Traumatic Cochlear Implant Surgery: Expert Opinion in 2010 and 2020.

This study aimed to discover expert opinion on the surgical techniques and materials most likely to achieve maximum postoperative residual hearing preservation in cochlear implant (CI) surgery and to determine how these opinions have changed since 2010. A previously published questionnaire used in a study published in 2010 was adapted and expanded. The questionnaire was distributed to an international group of experienced CI surgeons.