[Emergence of the integron-positive multi-drug resistant strain of Acinetobacter baumanii in Russian hospitals].

Aim: To detect the integron-positive strains among nosocomial Acinetobacter spp. and to determine their relationship on the genotype level.

Materials And Methods: Amplification by polymerase chain reaction using primers specific to sequences of the class 1 and 2 intergrons on the genomic DNA template followed by restriction fragments length polymorphism analysis as well as RAPD-genotyping of the integron-positive strains were performed.

[The effect of silver sulfadiazine on Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated in burn units].

The genotype structure and silver sulfadiazine (SDS) resistance of a number of Acinetobacter baumanii strains that circulated for a prolonged period of time in burn UCUs were studied. The most resistant strain (SDS MIC 50 mcg/ml) contained a class 1 integron with the gene of sulfonamides resistance (sul1) in its genome. Possible reasons for selection of the multiple resistance among Acinetobacter spp.

[Genetic variety of Acinetobacter baumannii in an intensive care unit for burn patients].

The genetic structure of A. baumannii hospital isolates, formed in the course of 2002 - 2004 in an intensive care unit for burn patients (St. Petersburg) was studied.

[Some unsolved aspects of the parasitism problem].

Various interpretations of the parasitism phenomenon exist. In this work data supporting the ecological understanding of its nature are presented. For parasitic species formed in the process of evolution the host organism has become the habitat (nutrition, multiplication), i.

[Mode of the rational use of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteriophages in therapeutic and epidemic control practice].

Ecological aspects of the circulation of P. aeruginosa and P. aeruginosa bacteriophages under hospital conditions were under study.

[Means for improving the teaching of parasitology in higher medical academic institutions].

In our country's population, the high incidence of parasitoses of various origin is largely due to physicians' poor knowledge of parasitology. Information on major parasitic diseases, provided to students at all higher medical educational establishments, is fragmentary and scarce. For effective preparation of some graduates, the Medical Prevention Faculty, Department of Epidemiology, Saint Petersburg State Medical Academy, has elaborated a model programme for subsequent 3-year postgraduate training both of professionally qualified epidemiologists and parasitologists (1 year for medical postgraduates and 2 years for junior doctors who will specialize in a particular field).

[Epidemiological features of hospital purulent-septic infections in otolaryngological wards].

Prospective epidemiological observation in an otorhinolaryngological hospital has made it possible to distinguish the specific features of pyoseptic nosocomial infections. Such infections, appearing as cross re- and superinfections, are most frequently induced by staphylococci, as well as by Proteus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. High risk groups include patients with purulent otitis and sinusitis, who have contacted infection through instruments in examination and dressing rooms.

[Characteristics of sources and means of spread of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in urology wards].

Patients with purulent septic infections form the main source of infection in urological departments. The spread of infection from these patients occurs mainly by contact in dressing and cystoscopy rooms. The complex of measures, planned in accordance with the results of diagnosis, makes it possible to decrease morbidity rate in the purulent septic infections of the urinary tract.

[Epidemiological characteristics of postoperative wound infections in a trauma center hospital].

The occurrence of cross infections in osteomyelitis patients has been proved by clinical, microbiological, and epidemiological methods. The patients are infected mainly in the dressing room for patients with purulent processes; the working conditions in this dressing room do not preclude the possibility of cross infections.

[Modelling of the epidemic process of suppurative septic infections using a Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteriophage].

The method for modeling the epidemic process of pyoseptic infections with the use of P. aeruginosa bacteriophage is proposed. The application of this method in urological and traumatological wards has made it possible to confirm the role of patients as the sources of infection and the part played by instruments and the hands of the medical personnel in its transfer.

[Current aspects of the short-term prognosis of meningococcal infection morbidity for the sake of epidemiological surveillance].

The short-term prognosis of the epidemic situation requires the establishment of the system of constant surveillance, which takes into account the data on morbidity rates for several years, both total and in various age groups, the data on the morbidity level and its changes, induced by meningococci of the epidemic group, in the IV quarter of the year, the data on the level of carriership among the indicator groups of the population in this period, as well as the data on changes in antibody titers in the sera of donor blood samples taken in summer and in December.

[Characteristics of the sources and routes of spread of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in a trauma department].

In the study of the epidemic process of P. aeruginosa infection in a traumatological hospital the leading role of patients with hospital septic infections as the sources of infection has been epidemiologically proved. Contamination has been shown to occur mostly in the pus dressing room.

[Epidemiological analysis of the morbidity from suppurative-septic infections in a trauma center and orthopedic hospital].

Organizational measures, surgical techniques and surgical activity have proved to affect the morbidity rate of suppurative septic infections. Gram-negative bacilli have been shown to cause suppurative septic infections mostly as the result of superinfection.

[Experience with the work of a department of epidemiology at a school for improving teachers' qualifications].

The peculiarities of the methods of work with groups comprising heads of chairs, readers, assistants at the departament for improvement of qualification were characterized on the basis of summarized 10-year experience. The importance of the exchange of experience in teaching the subject at different institutes of our country was emphasized, as well as the importance of discussions on the most significant theoretical problems of epidemiology.