[Chromophobic carcinoma of the kidney with intracytoplasmic tubules].

The paper describes a rare case of chromophobic carcinoma (eosinophilic variant) of the kidney in a 72-year-old woman with the ultrastructural feature--intracellular tubules along with vesicular structures and mitochondria. Intracellular tubules are also seen during immunohistochemical study of the tumor.

[Molecular genetic study of benign pigmented neoplasms by fluorescence in situ hybridization].

Twenty samples of benign pigmented neoplasms of the skin, including 9 intradermal nevi and 11 complex ones, were investigated. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to detect the copy number of the RREB1 (6p25), MYB (6q23), and CCND1 (11q13) genes. Analysis of the findings revealed no significant changes characteristic of melanoma in the nevi.

[Analysis of point mutations in BRCA1 gene using hybridization on hydrogel microchips].

Germ-line mutations in BRCA1 gene account for a substantial proportion of inherited breast and ovarian cancers. Identification of these mutations allows molecular diagnosis for breast cancer susceptibility. We have developed method for identification of 185delAG, 300T>G, 4153delA, 4158A>G and 5382insC mutations in BRCA1 gene using hybridization with microarray of geL-immobilized oligonucleotides (microchip).

[Expression of E-cadherine as a differential diagnostic fest for lobular infiltrative breast cancers].

An immunomorphological study of 30 breast carcinomas was conducted. In accordance with the histological characteristics they had been previously diagnosed as lobular infiltrative carcinomas (LIC). We have studied E-cadherin cell-cell adhesion molecules and also epithelial markers and basement membranes.

[Range of combined treatment of locally advanced skin cancer].

Due to combined use of surgery, chemo- and radiotherapy, 58.8% of patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma survived for 5 years. More organ-saving operations could be performed as a result of administering cisplatin, bleomycin and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy in conjunction with radiation and subsequent surgery.

[Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in ovarian carcinoma stage III-IV].

Hyperexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is often identified as unfavorable prognosis for different epithelial cancers. The study was concerned with an attempt of establishing a relationship between EGFR expression, on the one hand, and patient's clinico-morphological status, prognosis and efficacy of chemotherapy for stage III-IV serous ovarian carcinoma, on the other. EGFR hyperexpression predominated in advanced aggressive tumors and involved a significantly shorter period preceding tumor progression.

[Infiltrating lobular breast cancer: histological and immunohistochemical characteristics].

Lobular carcinoma ranks second among most frequent tumors of the breast. Metastases to the lymph nodes and distant organs are one of the most important prognostic factors. 60% regional lymph node metastases were morphologically diagnosed during surgical removal of the tumor.

[Rhabdomyosarcoma of the breast in girls].

Cases of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) in 14 year old girls are described. The tumor was very aggressive with early and widespread metastases in regional and other lymph nodes, soft tissues, various parts of the skeleton, bone marrow, lungs. The diagnosis and spread of this tumour was established on the basis of total examination of the girls.

[Formalized macroscopic description and computer analyser of macroscopic image (as illustrated by gastric pathology)].

A computer analyzer is regularly used in the department of pathology in formalized macrodescription of the stomach. Advantages of this method are described.

[Abnormal methylation of several tumor suppressor genes in sporadic breast cancer].

Multiplex methylation-sensitive PCR was employed in studying the methylation of CpG islands in the RB1, p16/CDKN2A, p15/CDKN2B, p14/ARF, CDH1, MGMT, HIC1, and N33 promoter regions in breast carcinoma (105 tumors). Methylation was often observed for the two major suppressor genes involved in cell-cycle control through the Cdk-Rb-E2F signaling pathway, RB1 (18/105, 17%) and p16 (59/105, 56%); both genes were methylated in 13 tumors. Methylation involved p15 in two (2%) tumors; CDH1, in 83 (79%) tumors; MGMT, in eight (8%) tumors, and N33, in nine (9%) tumors.

[Expression of cell adhesion molecules E-cadherin and beta-catenin in infiltrating breast carcinoma].

Distribution of cell-cell adhesion molecules of E-cadherin (EC) and beta-catenin (BC) infiltrating breast carcinoma (BC) and markers of epithelium, basal membrane has been studied by immunofluorescence in 50 infiltrating BC tissue samples including 17 ductal carcinomas, 23 lobular carcinomas and 10 combined carcinomas. Two types of EC-BC structure alterations were found: homogeneity disorder accompanied by appearance of local thickening and gaps or complete lack of these structures. Alterations of type 1 were found in all the analyzed samples of ductal and combined carcinomas and partially in lobular carcinomas, in in situ structures and in invasion components as well.

[The role of tele-thoracoscopic parasternal lympho-dissection in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer].

The outcomes of treatment were studied in 190 patients with breast cancer who had undergone radical mastectomy with telethoracoscopic parasternal lymphodissection. An association of this parameter with the sizes of a primary tumor, with the extent of damage to the axillary lymph collector, with the histological pattern of a tumor, and with the site of a primary focus was analyzed. Radical removal of the parasternal lymphatic chain was proved by scintimammography in the pre- and postoperative periods.

[Desmoplastic malignant melanoma].

A rare case of desmoplastic malignant melanoma which produced many difficulties in diagnosis is reported. Analysis of histological structure of the primary tumor and its metastases as well as signs of melanocytic differentiation found at electron-microscopic level enabled differentiation of this tumor with neoplasms of another histogenesis which is important for treatment and prognosis.