[Selenium metabolism in patients with severe multiple trauma].

Goal Of The Study: To define a relation between the selenium level and the risk of the development of nosocomial pneumonia in patients with severe multiple trauma depending on the trauma severity and the volume of blood loss.

Materials And Methods: We measured serum selenium concentration in 40 patients with severe multiple trauma. The ISS score was used to estimate the trauma severity.

[Impaired gastric acid secretion in patients poisoned by cauterizing liquids].

Intragatric pH-metry made in 80 patients with chemical gastric burn (CGB) in the acute and early postburn periods revealed that in 17% of the victims, gastric acid secretion remains normal, 51.2% of cases showed its increase (hyperacidity) whose maximum rates (100%) are detected in patients with extensive CGB of the third degree and whose minimum rates (20%) were found in those with fourth-grade CGB. Hypoacidicity was diagnosed in 31.

[The endoscopic and morphological diagnostics of gastroesophageal reflux].

The experiences with endoscopic examinations of 140 patients with gastroesophageal reflux followed by the development of reflux-esophagitis (RE) of different degree are presented. The authors describe the complicated and uncomplicated forms of RE. The uncomplicated forms include RE with unimpaired integrity of the epithelium, erosive RE, erosive-ulcerous RE.

[Influence of gastroesophageal reflux on the reparative process in burn of the esophagus].

Experience in endoscopic examination and treatment of 282 patients with isolated and combined chemical burn of the esophagus (CBE) of different severity is presented. Endoscopic treatment, performed in combination with chemotherapy, consisted in irradiation of burn surface with low-energy laser 'Mustang' through the canal of the endoscope. The procedure was performed 3 times a week up to complete epithelization of burn ulcers.

[Modified methods of percutaneous electrogastroenterography].

In 62 normal males and females gastrointestinal (GI) electrical activity was evaluated before and after standard breakfast with the method of epicutaneous electrogastroenterography (EGEG) with the use of AgCl electrodes and original hard- and software "Gastroenterograph" developed by the authors. Spectral analysis (SA) of GI electrical potentials enabled quantification of the electrical activity of the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum and the whole of the small intestine. The stomach and the small intestine were main contributors to the total GI electrical activity during fasting.

[Chyme homeostasis in the gastroduodenal portion of the digestive tract under different nutritional diets].

The concentration of chyme ingredients and volumetric velocity of the chyme transfer from the duodenum to the jejunum were investigated in experiments on normal preoperated dogs with fistulas implanted into the stomach, duodenum and jejunum after feeding different diets throughout the entire process of active digestion. It has been established that as a result of exchange between the medium filling the gastroduodenal part of the alimentary tract and blood, an enteral medium is formed in the duodenum, with the composition of this medium being relatively constant as regards the concentration and constituent ingredients. It has been also shown that the direction of the balanced flows of the nutrients depends on their concentration in the diet and that both immediate exchange of substances between the enteral and internal media, which is effected according to the concentration gradient, and regulatory alterations in the secretion are involved in homeostasis of the enteral medium.

[Effect of homeostasis of chyme composition on absorption of its components in the small intestine during natural digestion].

In dogs, even after essential changes of food ingredients, chyme concentration indices, being formed in duodenum, are steadily kept over a comparatively small range of values in the aftermath of intensive exchange between blood and media filling the lumen of gastroduodenal area. The direction of the balance flow for each substance depends both on the substance initial concentration and the ingredients ratio of food. The homeostating of enteral medium seems to assure the relative stability of the substances balance flow filling up internal medium of the organism.