Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy for Intra-Axial Brain Tumors: Everything the Neuroradiologist Should Know.

Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a minimally invasive cytoreductive treatment option for patients with intracranial tumors. Utilizing real-time MR thermometry, LITT delivers tailored, targeted, and permanent cytotoxic thermal injury to intra-axial pathology. As a minimally invasive and nonionizing treatment option proved to be an effective, less morbid, and more efficient alternative to surgery, the utility of LITT has rapidly expanded.

Effect of Fluorescence Lymph Node Mapping on Improving Diagnostic Values of CT D3 Lymph Node Staging for Right-Sided Colon Cancer.

Background/objectives: This study evaluated the impact of fluorescence lymph node mapping (FLNM) using indocyanine green (ICG) on the diagnostic accuracy of preoperative computed tomography (CT) in right-sided colon cancer.

Methods: A total of 218 patients who underwent laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with D3 lymph node dissection (LND) were analyzed: 86 patients in the FLNM group and 132 in the conventional surgery group. The FLNM technique allowed for enhanced intraoperative visualization of lymph node (LN) and more precise dissection, improving the identification of metastatic LNs.

Bolus exposure as a novel predictor of postoperative symptom resolution after laparoscopic nissen fundoplication: A two-institutional retrospective cohort study.

Background: Even in the absence of definite evidence of pathological acid reflux, antireflux surgery (ARS) can still effectively improve gastroesophageal reflux symptoms. Nonetheless, predicting postoperative reflux symptom improvement has been primarily dependent on acid-based parameters. No objective index reflecting both acid and non-acid reflux was identified to select ARS candidates.

Association Between Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Laryngeal Disorders: Real-World Evidence.

Objective: The association between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and laryngeal disorders remains debatable, although it has been the focus of extensive clinical and laboratory research. We conducted this study to obtain evidence on the association.

Study Design: Population-based cohort study.

Astragalus Polysaccharides and Metformin May Have Synergistic Effects on the Apoptosis and Ferroptosis of Lung Adenocarcinoma A549 Cells.

Astragalus polysaccharides (APSs), the compounds extracted from the common herb Astragalus membranaceus, have been extensively studied for their antitumor properties. In this study, we investigated the effect of APS on lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. The effects of APS and the anti-diabetic drug metformin on apoptosis and ferroptosis were compared.

Tribological properties of real foods using extended Stribeck curves and their relationship with nutritional and rheological parameters.

The tribological properties of 19 commercial food products, grouped into six categories (yogurt, dressings, spreads, porridges, emulsified sauces, and syrups) were investigated in relation to their rheological (dynamic oscillatory shear test) and nutritional properties (fat, carbohydrate, and protein). A tribological system (a glass ball and three polydimethylsiloxane pins) generated the extended Stribeck curve, monitoring friction factors (f) over an extended range of sliding speed (v) (10 to 10 m/s). Tribological parameters (f, v) at four inflection points dividing the frictional regimes (X, breakaway point between the static and kinetic regimes; X-X, boundary; X-X, mixed; X-X, hydrodynamic regimes) and the slope between X and X (s) were subjected to principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering on principal components, using rheological and nutritional parameters as quantitative supplementary variables.

SnoRNA U50A mediates everolimus resistance in breast cancer through mTOR downregulation.

Breast cancer remains the most prevalent cancer in women globally, posing significant challenges in treatment due to the inevitable development of resistance to targeted therapies like everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor. While several mechanisms of resistance have been proposed, the role of snoRNAs in this context remains inadequately explored. Our study unveils a novel connection between snoRNAs and everolimus resistance, focusing on the snoRNA U50A.

2,7-Phloroglucinol-6,6'-bieckol from Ecklonia cava ameliorates nanoplastics-induced premature endothelial senescence and dysfunction.

Nanoplastics (NPs), plastic particles ranging from 1 to 100 nm are ubiquitous environmental pollutants infiltrating ecosystems. Their small size and widespread use in various products raise concerns for human health, particularly their association with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). NPs can enter the human body through multiple routes, causing oxidative stress, and leading to the senescence and dysfunction of endothelial cells (ECs).

AI-driven automatic compression system for colorectal anastomosis.

Although circular staplers offer technical advancements over traditional hand-sewn techniques, their use remains challenging for unskilled users, necessitating substantial time and experience for mastery. In particular, it is challenging to apply a consistent pressure of an appropriate magnitude. We developed an automated circular anastomosis device using artificial intelligence (AI) to solve this problem.

Laser interstitial thermal therapy for first-line treatment of insular glioma.

Objective: Insular gliomas pose a significant surgical challenge due to the complex surrounding functional and vascular anatomy. The authors report their experience using a novel framework for the treatment of insular gliomas with laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) and provide representative case examples emphasizing indications, rationale, and technical pearls.

Methods: A prospectively gathered institutional database was used to identify patients with newly diagnosed insular gliomas who underwent LITT between 2015 and 2023.

Metacarpophalangeal joint reconstruction using a costal osteochondral graft: A case report.

Rationale: The conventional treatment of giant cell tumors is intralesional curettage with local adjuvant therapy. Because hand tumors have a high local recurrence, the primary goal for treating tumors of the hand is to eradicate the lesion.

Patient Concerns: To preserve the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint function as well as avoid further recurrence after surgery.

A Comprehensive Approach to User Delegation and Anonymity within Decentralized Identifiers for IoT.

Decentralized Identifiers have recently expanded into Internet of Things devices and are crucial in securing users' digital identities and data. However, Decentralized Identifiers face challenges in scenarios necessitating authority delegation and anonymity, such as when dealing with legal guardianship for minors, device loss or damage, and specific medical contexts involving patient information. This paper aims to strengthen data sovereignty within the Decentralized Identifier system by implementing a secure authority delegation and anonymity scheme.

Preoperative validation of edema-corrected tractography in neurosurgical practice: translating surgeon insights into novel software implementation.

Background: Peritumoral edema alters diffusion anisotropy, resulting in false negatives in tractography reconstructions negatively impacting surgical decision-making. With supratotal resections tied to survival benefit in glioma patients, advanced diffusion modeling is critical to visualize fibers within the peritumoral zone to prevent eloquent fiber transection thereafter. A preoperative assessment paradigm is therefore warranted to systematically evaluate multi-subject tractograms along clinically meaningful parameters.

Laser interstitial thermal therapy for deep-seated perivascular brain tumors is not associated with distal ischemia.

Purpose: Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a minimally invasive cytoreductive treatment option for brain tumors with a risk of vascular injury from catheter placement or thermal energy. This may be of concern with deep-seated tumors that have surrounding end-artery perforators and critical microvasculature. The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of distal ischemia following LITT for deep-seated perivascular brain tumors.

Autologous cell immunotherapy (IGV-001) with IGF-1R antisense oligonucleotide in newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients.

Standard-of-care first-line therapy for patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma (ndGBM) is maximal safe surgical resection, then concurrent radiotherapy and temozolomide, followed by maintenance temozolomide. IGV-001, the first product of the Goldspire™ platform, is a first-in-class autologous immunotherapeutic product that combines personalized whole tumor-derived cells with an antisense oligonucleotide (IMV-001) in implantable biodiffusion chambers, with the intent to induce a tumor-specific immune response in patients with ndGBM. Here, we describe the design and rationale of a randomized, double-blind, phase IIb trial evaluating IGV-001 compared with placebo, both followed by standard-of-care treatment in patients with ndGBM.

Morphological studies of fly puparia (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in the soil from a Joseon Dynasty grave in Korea.

Archaeoentomological investigations were conducted on soil contents from a grave belonging to the Joseon Dynasty as part of the Urban Environment Maintenance Project (UEMP) in Cheongjin 12-16 dong (districts), Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea, from December 01, 2008 to February 19, 2011. A total of 28 insect puparia with hard shells of the common green bottle fly Lucilia sericata were identified in the soil. Evidence suggested that the corpse was placed outside for some days instead of being buried immediately after death.

Trans-Umbilical Lymphadenectomy Using an Articulating Bipolar Vessel-Sealing Device (TULAB) during Robotic Surgery for Gastric Cancer: Enhancing the Surgeon's Eye for Reduced-Port Robotic Gastrectomy.

Background: Docking the scope and instruments through a multi-channel trocar has enabled reduced-port robotic distal gastrectomy (RRDG) for gastric cancer. To facilitate lymphadenectomy over the anatomical hindrances during RRDG, we recently introduced the Vessel Sealer Extend (VSE) (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA, USA), a bipolar vessel-sealing device (BVSD) with an articulating jaw.

Methods: From May 2020 to August 2023, we performed RRDG to treat T1 gastric cancer.

Multi-Functional Polymer Nanoparticles with Enhanced Adipocyte Uptake and Adipocytolytic Efficacy.

Multi-functional polymer nanoparticles have been widely utilized to improve cellular uptake and enhance therapeutic efficacy. In this study, it is hypothesized that the cellular uptake of poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG) nanoparticles loaded with calcium carbonate minerals into adipocytes can be improved by covalent modification with nona-arginine (R ) peptide. It is further hypothesized that the internalization mechanism of R -modified PLG nanoparticles by adipocytes may be contingent on the concentration of R peptide present in the nanoparticles.

Clinical Effectiveness of Fluorescence Lymph Node Mapping Using ICG for Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy: A Prospective Case-Control Study.

Background: The distinction between D3 lymph nodes and actual lymphatic pathways in primary tumors can be difficult during surgery, making it challenging to confirm the completeness of D3 lymph node dissection. Fluorescence lymph node mapping (FLNM) is a promising method for lymph node visualization.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess whether FLNM enhances the effectiveness of D3 lymph node dissection in patients with right-sided colon cancer.

Prevalence of chigger mites and Orientia tsutsugamushi strains in northern regions of Gangwon-do, Korea.

The present study aimed to survey the prevalence of chigger mites and Orientia tsutsugamushi (O. tsutsugamushi) infection in the northern regions of Gangwon-do, Korea. From early February to early June 2015, a total of 17,050 chiggers were collected from striped field mice, Apodemus agrarius, in Cheorwon-gun, Hwacheon-gun, Yanggu-gun, and Goseong-gun, which are well-known endemic areas of scrub typhus in Korea.

Chemical Tools to Image the Activity of PAR-Cleaving Proteases.

Protease-activated receptors (PARs) comprise a family of four G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that have broad functions in health and disease. Unlike most GPCRs, PARs are uniquely activated by proteolytic cleavage of their extracellular N termini. To fully understand PAR activation and function in vivo, it is critical to also study the proteases that activate them.

The Safe Values of Quantitative Perfusion Parameters of ICG Angiography Based on Tissue Oxygenation of Hyperspectral Imaging for Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Safe values for quantitative perfusion parameters of indocyanine green (ICG) angiography have not been fully defined, and interpretation remains at the surgeon's discretion. This prospective observational study aimed to establish the safe values for the quantitative perfusion parameters by comparing tissue oxygenation levels from HSI images in laparoscopic colorectal surgery.

Methods: ICG angiography was performed using a laparoscopic near-infrared (NIR) camera system with ICG diluted in 10 mL of distilled water.