[Labyrinthine and extralabyrinthine mechanisms of the development of motion sickness in weightlessness].

This paper describes an important problem of aerospace medicine, i. e. space motion sickness.

[Dynamics of the venous circulation in the cosmonauts of the 2d "Saliut-4" expedition].

During the first month of the orbital flight the cosmonauts showed an increase in the blood pressure and filling in the jugular veins whereas during the second month they exhibited a decrease in these parameters below the preflight level. Throughout the mission the pressure in the pulmonary artery remained slightly increased. The time of contractions of the right heart changed.

[Sonic booms--new environmental factor (bases for standardization)].

The paper discusses physical, psychophysiological and social aspects of a new type of sound effects--sonic shocks of supersonic vehicles. An up-to-date approach to the standardization of environmental effects should include a study of human physiological responses, comparison of the results of psychophysiological scaling with the available standards and prediction based on sociological questionnaires. This kind of standardization is illustrated.