Deciphering the effects of STN DBS on neuropsychiatric fluctuations in Parkinson's disease.

The impact of subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) on neuropsychiatric fluctuations in Parkinson´s disease (PD) remains unclear. The Neuropsychiatric Fluctuations Scale (NFS) can help to fill this gap, directly measuring fluctuations between the OFF- and ON-medication conditions. The NFS provides NFS-plus (hyperdopaminergic) and NFS-minus (hypodopaminergic) sub-scores.

A molecular pathway for cancer cachexia-induced muscle atrophy revealed at single-nucleus resolution.

Cancer cachexia is a prevalent and often fatal wasting condition that cannot be fully reversed with nutritional interventions. Muscle atrophy is a central component of the syndrome, but the mechanisms whereby cancer leads to skeletal muscle atrophy are not well understood. We performed single-nucleus multi-omics on skeletal muscles from a mouse model of cancer cachexia and profiled the molecular changes in cachexic muscle.

-mutated NSCLC is Dependent on Tumor-secreted GDF15.

Cachexia is a wasting syndrome comprised of adipose, muscle, and weight loss observed in cancer patients. Tumor loss-of-function mutations in , a regulator of the energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase, induce cancer cachexia (CC) in preclinical models and are associated with cancer-related weight loss in NSCLC patients. Here we characterized the relevance of the NSCLC-associated cachexia factor growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) in several patient-derived and genetically engineered -mutant NSCLC cachexia lines.

c-Myc Drives inflammation of the maternal-fetal interface, and neonatal lung remodeling induced by intra-amniotic inflammation.

Intra-amniotic inflammation (IAI) is associated with increased risk of preterm birth and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), but the mechanisms by which IAI leads to preterm birth and BPD are poorly understood, and there are no effective therapies for preterm birth and BPD. The transcription factor c-Myc regulates various biological processes like cell growth, apoptosis, and inflammation. We hypothesized that c-Myc modulates inflammation at the maternal-fetal interface, and neonatal lung remodeling.

An Appraisal of the Oleocanthal-Rich Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO) and Its Potential Anticancer and Neuroprotective Properties.

Dietary consumption of olive oil represents a key pillar of the Mediterranean diet, which has been shown to exert beneficial effects on human health, such as the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases like cancers and neurodegenerative diseases, among others. These health benefits are partly mediated by the high-quality extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), which is produced mostly in Mediterranean countries and is directly made from olives, the fruit of the olive tree ( L.).

Impact of Pretreatment Weight Loss on Radiotherapy Utilization and Clinical Outcomes in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: Cancer cachexia is a syndrome of unintentional weight loss resulting in progressive functional impairment. Knowledge of radiation therapy utilization in patients with cancer cachexia is limited. We evaluated the use of curative and palliative-intent radiation for the management of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with cachexia to determine whether tumor-directed therapy affected cachexia-associated outcomes.

Phenolic, Polysaccharides Composition, and Texture Properties during Ripening and Storage Time of New Table Grape Cultivars in Chile.

The aim of this study is to determine the phenolic and polysaccharidic composition, texture properties, and gene expression of new seedless table grape cultivars Timco™ and Krissy™ and compare them to the traditional table grape variety Crimson Seedless ( L.), during ripening and in commercial postharvest conditions. According to the results, phenolic compounds were present in very different proportions.

Race, Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Factors as Determinants of Cachexia Incidence and Outcomes in a Retrospective Cohort of Patients With Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer.

Purpose: Cachexia is a paraneoplastic syndrome of unintentional adipose and muscle tissue wasting with severe impacts to functionality and quality of life. Although health inequities across minority and socioeconomically disadvantaged groups are known, the role of these factors in cachexia progression is poorly characterized. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between these determinants and cachexia incidence and survival in patients with gastrointestinal tract cancer.

Racial, Ethnic, and Socioeconomic Characteristics Independently Predict for Cachexia Risk and Associated Survival Outcomes in Stage IV NSCLC: A Brief Report.

Introduction: Cancer cachexia, found in more than a third of patients with NSCLC, directly leads to functional and survival detriments. As screening and interventions for cachexia and NSCLC improve, deficits in health care access and quality among patients disadvantaged by racial-ethnic and socioeconomic factors must be addressed.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 957 patients diagnosed with having stage IV NSCLC between 2014 and 2020 in Dallas, Texas.

Tumor loss-of-function mutations in STK11/LKB1 induce cachexia.

Cancer cachexia (CC), a wasting syndrome of muscle and adipose tissue resulting in weight loss, is observed in 50% of patients with solid tumors. Management of CC is limited by the absence of biomarkers and knowledge of molecules that drive its phenotype. To identify such molecules, we injected 54 human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lines into immunodeficient mice, 17 of which produced an unambiguous phenotype of cachexia or non-cachexia.

Metabolite Profiling Reveals the Effect of Cold Storage on Primary Metabolism in Nectarine Varieties with Contrasting Mealiness.

Chilling injury is a physiological disorder caused by cold storage in peaches and nectarines. The main symptom of chilling injury is mealiness/wooliness, described as a lack of juice in fruit flesh. In this work, we studied two nectarine varieties (Andes Nec-2 and Andes Nec-3) with contrasting susceptibility to mealiness after cold storage.

An LTR retrotransposon in the promoter of a gene associated with the regulation of fruit flesh color in Japanese plum.

Japanese plums exhibit wide diversity of fruit coloration. The red to black hues are caused by the accumulation of anthocyanins, while their absence results in yellow, orange or green fruits. In , genes are determinants for anthocyanin accumulation.

A preponderance of gastrointestinal cancer patients transition into cachexia syndrome.

Background: Cancer cachexia is frequently documented by self-reported, single time-point weight histories. This approach lacks the granularity needed to fully elucidate the progression of cachexia syndrome. This study aimed to longitudinally assess body weight changes pre- and post-cancer diagnosis in gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients.

Post-switch Effectiveness of Etanercept Biosimilar Versus Continued Etanercept in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients with Stable Disease: A Prospective Multinational Observational Study.

Introduction: To better inform clinicians about the use of etanercept biosimilar (SB4) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), COMPANION-B, a prospective real-world observational study, evaluated the effectiveness of the voluntary switch from originator (etanercept, ETN) to SB4 in patients with stable RA (low-disease activity/remission).

Methods: The study recruited adult patients (18 years or older) with RA (2010 American College of Rheumatology criteria) prescribed ETN as their first or second biologic for at least 6 months across 14 sites in Canada and five in Australia. Patients had stable disease (Disease Activity Score-28 using erythrocyte sedimentation rate [DAS28-ESR] less than 3.

Primary Tumor Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxydglucose (F-FDG) Is Associated With Cancer-Associated Weight Loss in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) and Portends Worse Survival.

Aim: To investigate the diagnostic potential of and associations between tumor F-FDG uptake on PET imaging and cancer-associated weight loss.

Methods: 774 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with pre-treatment PET evaluated between 2006 and 2014 were identified. Using the international validated definition of cachexia, the presence of clinically significant pretreatment cancer-associated weight loss (WL) was retrospectively determined.

Cytokine-Mediated STAT3 Transcription Supports ATGL/CGI-58-Dependent Adipocyte Lipolysis in Cancer Cachexia.

Adipose tissue inflammation is observed in multiple metabolically-altered states including cancer-associated cachexia and obesity. Although cachexia is a syndrome of adipose loss and obesity is a disease of adipose excess, both pathologies demonstrate increases in circulating levels of IL-6 family cytokines, β-adrenergic signaling, and adipocyte lipolysis. While β-adrenergic-stimulated adipocyte lipolysis is well described, there is limited mechanistic insight into how cancer cachexia-associated inflammatory cytokines contribute to adipocyte lipolysis under pathologic conditions.

Associations of Prior Chronic Use of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and Glucocorticoids With Cachexia Incidence and Survival.

Background: Cachexia is an inflammatory and metabolic syndrome of unintentional weight loss through depletion of muscle and adipose tissue. There is limited knowledge of how chronic use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and glucocorticoids affect cachexia development. The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between prior long-term use of NSAIDs or glucocorticoids with cachexia incidence and post-diagnosis weight loss progression in a retrospective cancer patient cohort.

The influence of tumour fluorodeoxyglucose avidity and cachexia development on patient survival in oesophageal or gastroesophageal junction cancer.

Background And Aims: Cancer cachexia is manifested by loss in muscle, adipose, weight, and appetite. PET F-FDG uptake identifies tumor metabolic and inflammatory changes, potentially associated with cachexia development. We examined if primary gastroesophageal tumor F-FDG uptake correlates with cachexia development and survival in cancer patients.

The Effect of Curcumin on Idiopathic Parkinson Disease: A Clinical and Skin Biopsy Study.

There are currently no standardized therapies for Parkinson disease (PD). Curcumin shows anti-amyloidogenic properties in vitro and may be a promising treatment for PD. We evaluated the effects of curcumin supplementation on clinical scales and misfolded, phosphorylated α-synuclein (p-syn) accumulation in skin biopsies in 19 PD patients who received curcumin supplementation for 12 months and 14 PD patients to treated with curcumin.

Association of maternal Body Mass Index and parity on induced labor stages.

Background: Obesity is a widespread pandemic and obstetric care must adapt to meet the needs of obese pregnant women. Little is known about the impact of Body Mass Index (BMI) on the induction of labor (IOL). Therefore, our objective was to evaluate if the duration of the first and second stages of IOL is affected by maternal BMI in nulliparous and multiparous women.

An Upgraded, Highly Saturated Linkage Map of Japanese Plum ( Lindl.), and Identification of a New Major Locus Controlling the Flavan-3-ol Composition in Fruits.

Japanese plum fruits are rich in phenolic compounds, such as anthocyanins and flavan-3-ols, whose contents vary significantly among cultivars. Catechin (C) and epicatechin (EC) are flavan-3-ol monomers described in the fruits of this species and are associated with bitterness, astringency, antioxidant capacity, and susceptibility to enzymatic mesocarp browning. In this study, we aimed to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with the content of flavan-3-ol in Japanese plum fruits.

The appropriate counseling on prenatal screening test for foreign women in Emilia-Romagna.

Objective: The increase in the migratory phenomenon entails the need to adapt obstetric care to the population which includes foreign pregnant women. In this context, it emerged a little adherence to the prenatal screening test among foreign women compared to Italian women, which is assumed to be attributable to an inadequate counseling. This study aims to evaluate midwife's perception of the  counseling effectiveness in foreign women for the combined test and subsequently assess its adequacy through an external evaluation.

Presence of Skin α-Synuclein Deposits Discriminates Parkinson's Disease from Progressive Supranuclear Palsy and Corticobasal Syndrome.

Background: Previous studies reported skin phosphorylated α-synuclein (p-syn) deposits in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients but not in patients with parkinsonism due to tauopathies, although data on the latter are limited.

Objective: We aimed to assess the presence of skin p-syn deposits in patients with clinical diagnosis of parkinsonism usually due to tauopathy and PD.

Methods: We consecutively recruited 26 patients, 18 fulfilling clinical diagnostic criteria of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and 8 of corticobasal syndrome (CBS), 26 patients with PD, and 26 healthy controls (HC).

Ultrasound pretreatment application in dehydration: its influence on the microstructure, antioxidant activity and carotenoid retention of biofortified Beauregard sweet potato ( Lam).

This work aimed to evaluate the effects of ultrasound pretreatment on the microstructure, antioxidant activity, and carotenoid retention of biofortified Beauregard sweet potato (BBSP). The pretreatment was carried out in an ultrasonic bath at 30 °C for 10 min, and it was evaluated in terms of water loss and solid gain. The drying process was performed at two different temperatures (50 and 70 °C).