Pre-exposure antibody prophylaxis protects macaques from severe influenza.

Influenza virus pandemics and seasonal epidemics have claimed countless lives. Recurrent zoonotic spillovers of influenza viruses with pandemic potential underscore the need for effective countermeasures. In this study, we show that pre-exposure prophylaxis with broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) MEDI8852 is highly effective in protecting cynomolgus macaques from severe disease caused by aerosolized highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus infection.

Incorporating preference uncertainty in best worst scaling.

In this paper, we enhance the Best-Worst Scaling (BWS) method by incorporating participants' preference uncertainty into the conventional BWS, known as case 1. In this context, respondents are tasked with making trade-offs among a set of items of interest. Applying this novel extended BWS method to a sample of Argentinian wine consumers (n = 342), we aim to a) provide a more informative elicitation of consumers' relative preferences for 16 wine attributes; b) identify the level of uncertainty with each of the attributes, exploring differences between the most and least important wine attributes influencing purchasing wine; and c) compare the results of the extended BWS with the standard BWS.

The Mixed Transition-Metal Cyanamide MnCr(NCN).

The ternary transition-metal cyanamide MnCr(NCN) was synthesized by a solid-state metathesis reaction between MnCl, CrCl, and ZnNCN. Powder X-ray diffraction reveals that MnCr(NCN) adopts an orthorhombic [NiAs]-derived structure with symmetry, featuring a hexagonally close-packed array of NCN with metal cations in 3/4 of the octahedral interstitial holes. The question of cation order was addressed via the combinatorial use of X-ray powder diffraction, neutron powder diffraction, electron diffraction, and HAADF-STEM measurements.

Stressors and Support Experienced by Active Duty U.S. Navy Sailors at Sea.

Introduction: High occupational stress is generally associated with poorer mental health and reduced performance in military personnel, whereas access to support resources is associated with positive outcomes. However, little research has examined the unique stressors and supports experienced by sailors on ships while underway at sea. The objectives of this study were to (1) identify sailors' underway stressors and supports and (2) examine how these differ as a function of demographic and operational factors.

Genetic structure of the northern house mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) in a WNV-susceptible area.

Mosquitoes from the Culex pipiens complex are found worldwide and have been the focus of numerous studies due to their role as vectors of human pathogens. We investigated the population genetic structure of Cx. pipiens s.

Increased default mode network activation in depression and social anxiety during upward social comparison.

Social comparisons are a core feature of human life. Theories posit that social comparisons play a critical role in depression and social anxiety triggering negative evaluations about the self, as well as negative emotions. We investigated the neural basis of social comparisons in participants with depression and/or social anxiety (MD-SA, n=56) and healthy controls (n=47) using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

MLTB: Enhancing Transferability and Extensibility of Density Functional Tight-Binding Theory with Many-body Interaction Corrections.

We present a hybrid semiempirical density functional tight-binding (DFTB) model with a machine learning neural network potential as a correction to the repulsive term. This hybrid model, termed machine learning tight-binding (MLTB), employs the standard self-consistent charge (SCC) DFTB formalism as a baseline, enhanced by the HIP-NN potential as an effective many-body correction for short-range pairwise repulsive interactions. The MLTB model demonstrates significantly improved transferability and extensibility compared to the SCC-DFTB and HIP-NN models.

Direct collaboration between hospitals and NGOs, an essential tool to reinforce linkage to care in people living with HIV.

With the aim of improving access and engagement to healthcare in people living with HIV (PLHIV), in 2022 Gregorio Marañón Hospital and the NGO COGAM developed a circuit for recruitment and referral to hospital. Program targeted PLHIV who were neither receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) nor on medical follow-up (FU); but also, individuals at risk who underwent screening tests at the NGO and, if positive, were referred for confirmation. The result was an increase in annual new PLHIV seen in hospital by reaching a population who were, essentially, young men (94% male, median age 30 years), migrants (95%) with recent diagnosis of HIV (median 5 years) and who were recently arrived in Spain (median 5 months).

Low Temperature Atomic Layer Deposition of (00l)-Oriented Elemental Bismuth.

This study presents the first successful demonstration of growing elemental bismuth (Bi) thin films via thermal atomic layer deposition (ALD) using Bi(NMe2)3 as the precursor and Sb(SiMe3)3 as the co-reactant. The films were deposited at a relatively low temperature of 100 °C, with a growth per cycle (GPC) of 0.31-0.

Association between chiropractic spinal manipulation for sciatica and opioid-related adverse events: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Patients receiving chiropractic spinal manipulation (CSM) for spinal pain are less likely to be prescribed opioids, and some evidence suggests that these patients have a lower risk of any type of adverse drug event. We hypothesize that adults receiving CSM for sciatica will have a reduced risk of opioid-related adverse drug events (ORADEs) over a one-year follow-up compared to matched controls not receiving CSM.

Methods: We searched a United States (US) claims-based data resource (Diamond Network, TriNetX, Inc.

Comparative transcriptomic rhythms in the mouse and human prefrontal cortex.

Introduction: Alterations in multiple subregions of the human prefrontal cortex (PFC) have been heavily implicated in psychiatric diseases. Moreover, emerging evidence suggests that circadian rhythms in gene expression are present across the brain, including in the PFC, and that these rhythms are altered in disease. However, investigation into the potential circadian mechanisms underlying these diseases in animal models must contend with the fact that the human PFC is highly evolved and specialized relative to that of rodents.

Early Prognostic Markers for Idiopathic Facial Palsy.

Objectives: To analyze the prognostic value of markers available at the onset of idiopathic facial palsy. To define the evolution of the episode by tracing changes in facial function over time.

Methods: This is an observational prospective study on patients with facial palsy consulting in the first 24 hs.

Comparative Population Genetics of Two Alvinocaridid Shrimp Species in Chemosynthetic Ecosystems of the Western Pacific.

Deep-sea shrimps from the family Alvinocarididae are prominent inhabitants of chemosynthesis-based habitats worldwide. However, their genetic diversity and population connectivity remain poorly understood due to limited sampling. To fill these knowledge gaps, we compared the population genetics of two vent- and seep-dwelling alvinocaridid species with overlapped geographic ranges between the South China Sea and the Manus Basin.

How to: share and reuse data - challenges and solutions from PrIMAVeRa project.

Background: Data sharing accelerates scientific progress and improves evidence quality. Even though journals and funding institutions require investigators to share data, only a small part of studies made their data publicly available upon publication. The procedures necessary to share retrospective data for re-use in secondary data analysis projects can be cumbersome.

Environmental impact of peat alternatives in growing media for European mushroom production.

Button mushrooms are an important protein source with a production of >48 million metric tonnes in 2021. Several life cycle assessments (LCAs) have been employed in assessing mushroom cultivation. This paper assessed potential impacts of relevant alternatives (sphagnum moss, grass fibres, spent casing and bark) to peat as casing materials for mushroom production across Europe by using LCA using a cradle to farm gate approach.

Intramural hematomas and astrocytic infiltration precede perivascular inflammation in a rat model of repetitive low-level blast injury.

In modern war theaters, exposures to blast overpressures are one of the most common causes of brain injury. These pervasive events result in acute and chronic cerebrovascular degenerative processes. Using a rat model of blast-induced mild traumatic brain injury, we identified intramural periarterial hematomas as early primary acute lesions induced by blast exposures.

ATG-3 limits Orsay virus infection in through regulation of collagen pathways.

Autophagy is an essential cellular process which functions to maintain homeostasis in response to stressors such as starvation or infection. Here, we report that a subset of autophagy factors including ATG-3 play an antiviral role in Orsay virus infection of . Orsay virus infection does not modulate autophagic flux, and re-feeding after starvation limits Orsay virus infection and blocks autophagic flux, suggesting that the role of ATG-3 in Orsay virus susceptibility is independent of its role in maintaining autophagic flux.

Spatial Profiling Reveals Equivalence-Derived Molecular Signatures of Brain Mimicry and Adaptation in Breast Cancer Brain Metastases.

Brain metastases (BrMets), common for advanced-stage breast cancer patients, are associated with poor median survival and accompanied by severe neurologic decline. Halting the progression of breast cancer brain metastases (BCBMs) may require modulation of the tumor microenvironment (TME), yet little is known about the impact of the primary breast TME on brain tropism, or how, once there, metastatic breast cancer cells coexist with brain-resident cells (e.g.

The PST repeat region of MDC1 is a tunable multivalent chromatin tethering domain.

DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) are widely considered the most cytotoxic DNA lesions occurring in cells because they physically disrupt the connectivity of the DNA double helix. Homologous recombination (HR) is a high-fidelity DSB repair pathway that copies the sequence spanning the DNA break from a homologous template, most commonly the sister chromatid. How both DNA ends, and the sister chromatid are held in close proximity during HR is unknown.

Dynamics of HDL-Cholesterol Following a Post-Myocardial Infarction Cardiac Rehabilitation Program.

Background: Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation programs (CRP) are recommended for patients following acute coronary syndrome to potentially improve high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and prognosis. However, not all patients reach target HDL-C levels. Here we analyze the dynamics and predictors of HDL-C increase during CRP in patients following ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction or occlusion myocardial infarction.

Decoding user experience in exergames: A systematic scoping review of assessment methods.

Exergames, which blend physical activity with digital gaming, are increasingly recognized for their potential to boost user engagement in exercise. The user perception of these games plays a critical role in sustaining this engagement. Therefore, understanding and effectively assessing user experience (UX) in exergames is crucial to maximizing their appeal and effectiveness.

Benchmarking antimicrobial use to antimicrobial resistance: a comparative study of two hospitals using current National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) metrics.

Objective: We aimed to determine whether benchmarking antimicrobial use (AU) to antimicrobial resistance (AR) using select AU/AR ratios is more informative than AU metrics in isolation.

Design: We retrospectively measured AU (antimicrobial therapy days per 1,000 days present) and AU/AR ratios (specific antimicrobial therapy days per corresponding AR event) in two hospitals during 2020 through 2022. We then had antimicrobial stewardship committee members evaluate each AU and corresponding AU/AR value and indicate whether they believed it represented potential overuse, appropriate use, or potential underuse of the antimicrobials, or whether they could not provide an assessment.

Synthesis and Characterization of a Non-planar Cyclophenylene on Au(111).

We report the surface-assisted synthesis of a non-planar cyclophenylene derivative containing four meta- and two para- connected phenylene moieties on Au(111), via hierarchical Ullmann coupling of a 1,10-dibrominated angular [3]phenylene and subsequent C-C bond cleavage at the four-membered rings. Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM/STS) were used for the characterization of its chemical structure and electronic properties. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations support the experimental observations.

TFII-I/GTF2I regulates globin gene expression and stress response in erythroid cells.

Transcription factor TFII-I/GTF2I is ubiquitously expressed and has been shown to play a role in the differentiation of hematopoietic cells and in the response to various cellular stressors. We previously demonstrated that TFII-I acts as a repressor of adult β-globin gene transcription and positively regulates expression of stress response proteins, including ATF3. Here we analyzed the function of TFII-I in TF-1 cells during erythroid differentiation and in response to cellular stress, including unfolded protein response, hypoxia, and oxidative stress.