Publications by authors named "I-Tzu Chen"
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates the resistance profiles of integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) in patients from southern Taiwan who experienced failure in antiretroviral therapy (ART), particularly focusing on those previously treated with highly active ART (HAART).
- It analyzes data from patients who failed an INSTI-containing regimen between 2009 and 2022, with genotypic drug resistance tested against established guidelines, revealing insights into mutations associated with treatment failure.
- Among 21 patients who failed INSTI therapy, 40% showed INSTI drug resistance, with specific mutations identified, highlighting the challenges in treating individuals with resistant strains in a treatment-experienced population.
Background: The prevalence of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) after the universal implementation of STRs is unknown in Taiwan.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of TDR in patients with HIV-1 infection, clarify the risk factors for resistance, and compare differences in HIV drug resistance before and after the implementation of STRs in Taiwan.
Methods: Adult patients infected with HIV-1 were enrolled in this study from 2013 to 2021.
Article Synopsis
- This study explored how common resistance to a specific HIV treatment (NNRTI-based single-tablet regimen) is among Taiwanese patients and examined the implications of using doravirine in those who did not respond to this treatment.
- A total of 107 patients were analyzed, revealing that a significant percentage developed resistance to NNRTIs and doravirine, with 62% of those who initially failed treatment and 64% of those who switched therapies showing doravirine resistance.
- The results indicate a high prevalence of drug resistance, particularly among patients with certain mutations (like K65R), which raises concerns about the effectiveness of using doravirine as an alternative treatment.
Introduction: Several vaccine candidates have been developed using different platforms, including nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), viral vectors (replicating and non-replicating), virus-like particles, peptide-based, recombinant proteins, live attenuated, and inactivated virus modalities. Although many of these vaccines are undergoing pre-clinical trials, several large clinical trials investigating the clinical efficacy and safety of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines have produced promising findings.
Areas Covered: In this review, we provide a status update on COVID-19 vaccines currently undergoing clinical trials and discuss issues of concern beyond vaccine efficacy and safety, including dosing regimens, the mixed vaccine strategy, prior severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection, antibody levels, cellular immunity and protection, variants of concern, COVID-19 vaccine distribution, vaccination willingness, herd immunity, immunity passports, and vaccine indications.
Article Synopsis
- Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are a key treatment for HIV-1, and this study investigates their resistance in southern Taiwan, specifically using next-generation sequencing (NGS) to find low-level resistance mutations.
- The research included 224 HIV-1 patients, revealing low prevalence rates for mutations against various drug classes, with 0.9% showing INSTI resistance, primarily the mutations G163K and E138A.
- NGS identified additional INSTI resistance mutations not detected by conventional methods, suggesting that NGS could help clinicians better understand and manage drug resistance in patients starting INSTI therapy.
Background: The use of fixed combination antiretroviral therapy with a low genetic barrier for the treatment of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may affect the local HIV transmitted drug resistance (TDR) pattern. The present study aimed to investigate changes in the prevalence of HIV TDR following the implementation of a fixed regimen of HIV treatment in Taiwan in 2012.
Methods: TDR was measured in antiretroviral treatment-naïve HIV-1-infected individuals who participated in voluntary counseling and testing between 2007 and 2015 in southern Taiwan.
Purpose: Sparse data are available on the prevalence of resistance among HIV-1-infected patients with virological failure to a single-tablet regimen (STR). This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of HIV genotypic drug resistance in HIV-1-infected patients with virological failure to STRs in southern Taiwan.
Patients And Methods: This retrospective study investigated drug resistance in patients with virological failure to STR from January 2016 to September 2017.
The use of antiretroviral therapy has reduced rates of mortality and morbidity in patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome(HIV/AIDS). However, transmission of drug-resistant strains poses a challenge to control the spread of HIV-1. Primary resistance to integrase strand-transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) is rare despite their increased use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study examined the prevalence and risk factors of drug resistance in HIV patients in Taiwan who experienced treatment failure between 2009 and 2014.
- It found that 75.5% of patients exhibited resistance to antiretroviral drugs, with the highest resistance rates in NRTIs (58.6%) and NNRTIs (61.4%).
- Key risk factors for drug resistance included being aged 35 or younger, starting treatment with NNRTI-based regimens, and continuing NNRTI regimens at the time of treatment failure.
Liquid can sustain mechanical tension as its pressure drops below the vapor-liquid coexistence line and becomes less than zero, until it reaches the stability limit-the pressure at which cavitation inevitably occurs. For liquid water, its stability limit is still a subject of debate: the results obtained by researchers using a variety of techniques show discrepancies between the values of the stability limit and its temperature dependence as temperature approaches 0 °C. In this work, we present a study of the stability limit of water by the metastable vapor-liquid equilibrium (MVLE) method with nanoporous silicon membranes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFunctional connectivity calculated using multiple channels of electromagnetic brain signals is often over- or underestimated due to volume conduction or field spread. Considering connectivity measures, coherence is suitable for the detection of rhythmic synchronization, whereas temporal correlation is appropriate for transient synchronization. This paper presents a beamformer-based imaging method, called spatiotemporal imaging of linearly-related source component (SILSC), which is capable of estimating connectivity at the cortical level by extracting the source component with the maximum temporal correlation between the activity of each targeted region and a reference signal.
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