Silent uterine rupture in an unscarred uterus.

Objective: Uterine rupture is one of the most serious obstetric complications, with an increased risk of maternal and perinatal morbidity, and even mortality.

Case Report: A multiparous woman came to our labor room at 41 weeks of gestation for induction of labor due to being post-term and having a nonreactive nonstress test. She had no history of abdominal or gynecologic surgery.

Optimal quantization by use of an amplitude-weighted probability-density function for diffractive optical elements.

We present a method for determining the optimal quantitized phase levels for phase-only diffractive optical elements by taking into account a modified probability-density function (PDF). This modified PDF was obtained from the PDF of the phase distribution weighted by the incident amplitude distribution. We applied the proposed method to construct a multilevel Fresnel zone plate with a focal length of 8 m and a diameter of 6.