ROCK Inhibitor Enhances Resilience Against Metabolic Stress Through Increasing Bioenergetic Capacity in Corneal Endothelial Cells.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y27632 on bioenergetic capacity and resilience of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) under metabolic stress.

Methods: Bovine CECs (BCECs) were treated with Y27632 and subjected to bioenergetic profiling using the Seahorse XFp Analyzer. The effects on adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production through oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis were measured.

Machine Learning and Computed Tomography Radiomics to Predict Disease Progression to Upfront Pembrolizumab Monotherapy in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Pilot Study.

Background/objectives: Pembrolizumab monotherapy is approved in Canada for first-line treatment of advanced NSCLC with PD-L1 ≥ 50% and no EGFR/ALK aberrations. However, approximately 55% of these patients do not respond to pembrolizumab, underscoring the need for the early intervention of non-responders to optimize treatment strategies. Distinguishing the 55% sub-cohort prior to treatment is a real-world dilemma.

Identification of the G(3900) Structure as the P-Wave DD[over ¯]^{*}/D[over ¯]D^{*} Resonance.

The BESIII Collaboration recently performed a precise measurement of the e^{+}e^{-}→DD[over ¯] Born cross sections, and confirmed the G(3900) structure reported by BABAR and Belle with high significance. We identify the G(3900) as the first P-wave DD[over ¯]^{*}/D[over ¯]D^{*} molecular resonance. The experimental and theoretical identification of the P-wave dimeson state holds paramount importance in enhancing our comprehension of the nonperturbative QCD and few-body physics.

Exserolide J ameliorates lipid accumulation by regulating liver X receptor alpha and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha proteins.

Exserolides are isocoumarin derivatives containing lactone moiety. Recently, some isocoumarins have been demonstrated to ameliorate hyperlipidemia, a major factor for inducing cardiovascular diseases. However, the effects and mechanisms of action of exserolides on hyperlipidemia are not known.

Architecture of symbiotic dinoflagellate photosystem I-light-harvesting supercomplex in Symbiodinium.

Symbiodinium are the photosynthetic endosymbionts for corals and play a vital role in supplying their coral hosts with photosynthetic products, forming the nutritional foundation for high-yield coral reef ecosystems. Here, we determine the cryo-electron microscopy structure of Symbiodinium photosystem I (PSI) supercomplex with a PSI core composed of 13 subunits including 2 previously unidentified subunits, PsaT and PsaU, as well as 13 peridinin-Chl a/c-binding light-harvesting antenna proteins (AcpPCIs). The PSI-AcpPCI supercomplex exhibits distinctive structural features compared to their red lineage counterparts, including extended termini of PsaD/E/I/J/L/M/R and AcpPCI-1/3/5/7/8/11 subunits, conformational changes in the surface loops of PsaA and PsaB subunits, facilitating the association between the PSI core and peripheral antennae.

LI-RADS CT and MRI Ancillary Feature Association with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Malignancy: An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis.

Background The independent contribution of each Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) CT or MRI ancillary feature (AF) has not been established. Purpose To evaluate the association of LI-RADS AFs with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and malignancy while adjusting for LI-RADS major features through an individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis. Materials and Methods Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Scopus were searched from January 2014 to January 2022 for studies evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of CT and MRI for HCC using LI-RADS version 2014, 2017, or 2018.

Structures and organizations of PSI-AcpPCI supercomplexes from red tidal and coral symbiotic photosynthetic dinoflagellates.

Marine photosynthetic dinoflagellates are a group of successful phytoplankton that can form red tides in the ocean and also symbiosis with corals. These features are closely related to the photosynthetic properties of dinoflagellates. We report here three structures of photosystem I (PSI)-chlorophylls (Chls) /-peridinin protein complex (PSI-AcpPCI) from two species of dinoflagellates by single-particle cryoelectron microscopy.

Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis of LR-5 in LI-RADS Version 2018 versus Revised LI-RADS for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnosis.

Background A simplification of the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) version 2018 (v2018), revised LI-RADS (rLI-RADS), has been proposed for imaging-based diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Single-site data suggest that rLI-RADS category 5 (rLR-5) improves sensitivity while maintaining positive predictive value (PPV) of the LI-RADS v2018 category 5 (LR-5), which indicates definite HCC. Purpose To compare the diagnostic performance of LI-RADS v2018 and rLI-RADS in a multicenter data set of patients at risk for HCC by performing an individual patient data meta-analysis.

Evolving antibody evasion and receptor affinity of the Omicron BA.2.75 sublineage of SARS-CoV-2.

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.75 has diversified into multiple subvariants with additional spike mutations and several are expanding in prevalence, particularly CH.

Pathogenic Bacteria Are the Primary Determinants Shaping PM-Borne Resistomes in the Municipal Food Waste Treatment System.

Bioaerosol pollution poses a substantial threat to human health during municipal food waste (FW) recycling. However, bioaerosol-borne antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) have received little attention. Herein, 48 metagenomic data were applied to study the prevalence of PM-borne ARGs in and around full-scale food waste treatment plants (FWTPs).

Bioactive Aspergteroids G-J from Soft-Coral-Associated Symbiotic and Epiphytic Fungus EGF7-0-1.

Two new disubstituted maleimides, aspergteroids G-H (-), and two trisubstituted butenolides aspergteroids I-J (-), along with four known analogs, were isolated and structurally identified from the fermentation extract of soft-coral-associated symbiotic and epiphytic fungus EGF7-0-1. The structures of the new compounds were established mainly via spectroscopic data analyses, and their absolute configurations were determined via X-ray diffraction analysis and comparison of the calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism. Myocardial protection assays showed that compounds , , , and possess protective effects against tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP)-induced H9c2 (rat myocardial cells) apoptosis at low concentrations.

Measurement of the mass dependence of the transverse momentum of lepton pairs in Drell-Yan production in proton-proton collisions at .

The double differential cross sections of the Drell-Yan lepton pair (, dielectron or dimuon) production are measured as functions of the invariant mass , transverse momentum , and . The observable, derived from angular measurements of the leptons and highly correlated with , is used to probe the low- region in a complementary way. Dilepton masses up to 1 are investigated.

Skilful nowcasting of extreme precipitation with NowcastNet.

Extreme precipitation is a considerable contributor to meteorological disasters and there is a great need to mitigate its socioeconomic effects through skilful nowcasting that has high resolution, long lead times and local details. Current methods are subject to blur, dissipation, intensity or location errors, with physics-based numerical methods struggling to capture pivotal chaotic dynamics such as convective initiation and data-driven learning methods failing to obey intrinsic physical laws such as advective conservation. We present NowcastNet, a nonlinear nowcasting model for extreme precipitation that unifies physical-evolution schemes and conditional-learning methods into a neural-network framework with end-to-end forecast error optimization.

Isolation and identification of 3,4-seco-labdane diterpenoids from Callicarpa nudiflora and investigation of their cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells.

Twenty-one previously undescribed compounds, including nineteen 3,4-seco-labdanes (nudiflopenes P-W, Y, A-J), one 3,4-seco-pimarane (nudiflopene X), and one labdane (nudiflopene Z), along with nine known compounds (one 3,4-seco-pimarane and eight 3,4-seco-labdanes) were isolated from the leaves of Callicarpa nudiflora Hook. Et Arn. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Prediction of Disease Progression to Upfront Pembrolizumab Monotherapy in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer with High PD-L1 Expression Using Baseline CT Disease Quantification and Smoking Pack Years.

Health Canada approved pembrolizumab in the first-line setting for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer with PD-L1 ≥ 50% and no EGFR/ALK aberration. The keynote 024 trial showed 55% of such patients progress with pembrolizumab monotherapy. We propose that the combination of baseline CT and clinical factors can help identify those patients who may progress.

A combined network pharmacology and molecular biology approach to investigate the potential mechanisms of G-M6 on ovarian cancer.

Ginsenoside 3β,12β,21α,22β-Hydroxy-24-norolean-12-ene (G-M6), a phase I metabolite of anti-tumor medication 20(R)-25-methoxyl-dammarane-3β,12β,20-triol (AD-1), beats the parent drug in anti-ovarian cancer efficacy. The mechanism of action for ovarian cancer, however, is uncertain. Using network pharmacology, human ovarian cancer cells and nude mouse ovarian cancer xenotransplantation model, the anti-ovarian cancer mechanism of G-M6 was preliminarily explored in this study.

Removal of Fe(III)/Al(III)/Mg(II) by phosphonic group functionalized resin in wet-process phosphoric acid: Mechanism and intrinsic selectivity.

The removal of iron ions (Fe(III)), aluminum ions (Al(III)), and magnesium ions (Mg(II)) in phosphoric acid (HPO) solution is vital for the production of HPO and supply of phosphate fertilizer. However, the mechanism and intrinsic selectivity for removal of Fe(III), Al(III), and Mg(II) from wet-process phosphoric acid (WPA) by phosphonic group (-POH) functionalized MTS9500 are still unclear. In this work, the removal mechanisms were determined via combined analysis of FT-IR, XPS, molecular dynamics (MD), and quantum chemistry (QC) simulations based on density functional theory (DFT).

Nivolumab with or without ipilimumab in pediatric patients with high-grade CNS malignancies: Safety, efficacy, biomarker, and pharmacokinetics-CheckMate 908.

Background: Therapeutic options are limited in pediatric CNS malignancies. CheckMate 908 (NCT03130959) is an open-label, sequential-arm, phase 1b/2 study investigating nivolumab (NIVO) and NIVO + ipilimumab (IPI) in pediatric patients with high-grade CNS malignancies.

Methods: Patients (N = 166) in 5 cohorts received NIVO 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks (Q2W) or NIVO 3 mg/kg + IPI 1 mg/kg every 3 weeks (4 doses) followed by NIVO 3 mg/kg Q2W.

Sparsity of the electron repulsion integral tensor using different localized virtual orbital representations in local second-order Møller-Plesset theory.

Utilizing localized orbitals, local correlation theory can reduce the unphysically high system-size scaling of post-Hartree-Fock (post-HF) methods to linear scaling in insulating molecules. The sparsity of the four-index electron repulsion integral (ERI) tensor is central to achieving this reduction. For second-order Møller-Plesset theory (MP2), one of the simplest post-HF methods, only the (ia|jb) ERIs are needed, coupling occupied orbitals i, j and virtuals a, b.

Characteristics of lactic acid bacteria, microbial community and fermentation dynamics of native grass silage prepared in Inner Mongolian Plateau.

Introduction: To prepare high-quality silage, we studied the chemical composition, silage fermentation, characterization, and identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) associated with the silage fermentation of native grass on the Inner Mongolian Plateau.

Methods: LAB were isolated from fresh native grass and their silage, and silages were prepared using a small-scale fermentation system with 2-3 cm length in plastic bags.

Results: The dominant species of native grasses used were , , , and , which contained 47.

Optimized Antimicrobial Peptide Jelleine-I Derivative Br-J-I Inhibits Fusobacterium Nucleatum to Suppress Colorectal Cancer Progression.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health burden worldwide due to its high morbidity, mortality, and complex etiology. (), a Gram-negative anaerobe found in 30% of CRC patients, promotes CRC carcinogenesis, metastasis, and chemoresistance. Effective antimicrobial treatment is an unmet need for the rising CRC burden.