Systematic All-Hydrocarbon Stapling Analysis for Cecropin A Generates a Potent and Stable Antimicrobial Peptide.

As an evolutionarily conserved family of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), cecropins play an important role in innate immunity. But their inevitable weaknesses, including poor proteolytic stability and unpredictable cytotoxicity, severely hindered their clinical applications. Considering their two-helical structure, all-hydrocarbon stapling was performed on cecropin A, successfully generating 27 (, + 4) stapled derivatives.

Dodecapeptides derived from human cathelicidin with potent activity against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.

The increasing infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) poses a serious threat to global public health. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are alternatives to conventional antibiotics in combating superbugs. However, discovering AMPs with low synthesis costs and strong antibacterial effects against CRAB is challenging.

Design of Electrolyte Using Deep Eutectic Solvents for High-Performance Rechargeable Nickel-Iodine Batteries.

Rechargeable nickel-ion batteries (RNiBs) have attracted significant attention because of their high volumetric density, low cost, environmental friendliness, and easy recyclability. In this study, a rechargeable nickel-iodine battery using a rational design of a deep eutectic solvent (DES) electrolyte based on a conversion reaction mechanism is first demonstrated. The rechargeable Ni-I battery with the DES electrolyte delivered a specific capacity of 201 mAh g with a coulombic efficiency of 82.

Generalization Bounds of Deep Neural Networks With -Mixing Samples.

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have shown an astonishing ability to unlock the complicated relationships among the inputs and their responses. Along with empirical successes, some approximation analysis of DNNs has also been provided to understand their generalization performance. However, the existing analysis depends heavily on the independently identically distribution (i.

Global guideline for the diagnosis and management of candidiasis: an initiative of the ECMM in cooperation with ISHAM and ASM.

Candida species are the predominant cause of fungal infections in patients treated in hospital, contributing substantially to morbidity and mortality. Candidaemia and other forms of invasive candidiasis primarily affect patients who are immunocompromised or critically ill. In contrast, mucocutaneous forms of candidiasis, such as oral thrush and vulvovaginal candidiasis, can occur in otherwise healthy individuals.

Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genomes of (von Linstow, 1892) and Zdzitowiecki, 1984 (Acanthocephala: Polymorphida), and the phylogenetic implications.

Species of the genus (Acanthocephala: Polymorphida) mainly parasitize marine mammals and rarely marine birds, and are of veterinary and medical importance due to causing corynosomiasis in wildlife and humans. However, the current knowledge of the mitochondrial genomes and mitogenomic phylogeny of this group remains very insufficient. In the present study, the complete mitochondrial genomes of (von Linstow, 1892) and Zdzitowiecki, 1984 were sequenced and annotated for the first time.

A tellurium iodide perovskite structure enabling eleven-electron transfer in zinc ion batteries.

The growing potential of low-dimensional metal-halide perovskites as conversion-type cathode materials is limited by electrochemically inert B-site cations, diminishing the battery capacity and energy density. Here, we design a benzyltriethylammonium tellurium iodide perovskite, (BzTEA)TeI, as the cathode material, enabling X- and B-site elements with highly reversible chalcogen- and halogen-related redox reactions, respectively. The engineered perovskite can confine active elements, alleviate the shuttle effect and promote the transfer of Cl on its surface.

Aqueous Alkaline Zinc-Iodine Battery with Two-Electron Transfer.

While many cathode materials have been developed for mild electrolyte-based Zn batteries, the lack of cathode materials hinders the progress of alkaline zinc batteries. Halide iodine, with its copious valence nature and redox possibilities, is considered a promising candidate. However, energetic alkaline iodine redox chemistry is impeded by an alkali-unadapted I element cathode and thermodynamically unstable reaction products.

Urea Chelation of I for High-Voltage Aqueous Zinc-Iodine Batteries.

The multielectron conversion electrochemistry of I/I/I enables high specific capacity and voltage in zinc-iodine batteries. Unfortunately, the I ions are thermodynamically unstable and are highly susceptible to hydrolysis. Current endeavors primarily focus on exploring interhalogen chemistry to activate the I/I couple.

Antibody dynamics for heterologous boosters with aerosolized Ad5-nCoV following inactivated COVID-19 vaccines.

The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored vaccination as a crucial strategy for reducing disease severity and preventing hospitalizations. Heterologous boosters using aerosolized Ad5-nCoV following two doses of inactivated vaccine have demonstrated superior antibody responses. However, the comprehensive dynamics of this antibody boost and the optimal timing for heterologous boosters are still not fully understood.

Iodine/Chlorine Multi-Electron Conversion Realizes High Energy Density Zinc-Iodine Batteries.

Aqueous zinc-iodine (Zn-I) batteries are promising energy storage devices; however, the conventional single-electron reaction potential and energy density of iodine cathode are inadequate for practical applications. Activation of high-valence iodine cathode reactions has evoked a compelling direction to developing high-voltage zinc-iodine batteries. Herein, ethylene glycol (EG) is proposed as a co-solvent in a water-in-deep eutectic solvent (WiDES) electrolyte, enabling significant utilization of two-electron-transfer I/I/I reactions and facilitating an additional reversibility of Cl/Cl redox reaction.

Halogen-Bonded Hole-Transport Material Enhances Open-Circuit Voltage of Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

Interfacial properties of a hole-transport material (HTM) and a perovskite layer are of high importance, which can influence the interfacial charge transfer dynamics as well as the growth of perovskite bulk crystals particularly in inverted structure. The halogen bonding (XB) has been recognized as a powerful functional group to be integrated with new small molecule HTMs. Herein, a carbazole-based halo (iodine)-functional HTM (O1), is synthesized for the first time, demonstrating a high hole mobility and suitable energy levels that align well with those of perovskites.

Merging semi-crystallization and multispecies iodine intercalation at photo-redox interfaces for dual high-value synthesis.

The artificial photocatalytic synthesis based on graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) for HO production is evolving rapidly. However, the simultaneous production of high-value products at electron and hole sites remains a great challenge. Here, we use transformable potassium iodide to obtain semi-crystalline g-CN integrated with the I/I redox shuttle mediators for efficient generation of HO and benzaldehyde.

The genomic basis of childhood T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) is a high-risk tumour that has eluded comprehensive genomic characterization, which is partly due to the high frequency of noncoding genomic alterations that result in oncogene deregulation. Here we report an integrated analysis of genome and transcriptome sequencing of tumour and remission samples from more than 1,300 uniformly treated children with T-ALL, coupled with epigenomic and single-cell analyses of malignant and normal T cell precursors. This approach identified 15 subtypes with distinct genomic drivers, gene expression patterns, developmental states and outcomes.

Reference genome sequence and population genomic analysis of peas provide insights into the genetic basis of Mendelian and other agronomic traits.

Peas are essential for human nutrition and played a crucial role in the discovery of Mendelian laws of inheritance. In this study, we assembled the genome of the elite vegetable pea cultivar 'Zhewan No. 1' at the chromosome level and analyzed resequencing data from 314 accessions, creating a comprehensive map of genetic variation in peas.

The first-in-human preclinical evaluation of the new probe [123I]I-PSMA-7 for real-time intraoperative targeted biopsy and SPECT/CT imaging in prostate cancer.

Purpose: PSMA/PET has been increasingly used to detect PCa, and PSMA/PET-guided biopsy has shown promising results. However, it cannot be confirmed immediately whether the tissues are the targeted area. In this study, we aimed to develop a novel probe, [I]I-PSMA-7.

Bidentate Coordination Structure Facilitates High-Voltage and High-Utilization Aqueous Zn-I Batteries.

The aqueous zinc-iodine battery is a promising energy storage device, but the conventional two-electron reaction potential and energy density of the iodine cathode are far from meeting practical application requirements. Given that iodine is rich in redox reactions, activating the high-valence iodine cathode reaction has become a promising research direction for developing high-voltage zinc-iodine batteries. In this work, by designing a multifunctional electrolyte additive trimethylamine hydrochloride (TAH), a stable high-valence iodine cathode in four-electron-transfer I/I/I reactions with a high theoretical specific capacity is achieved through a unique amine group, Cl bidentate coordination structure of (TA)ICl.

Circumventing bottlenecks in HO photosynthesis over carbon nitride with iodine redox chemistry and electric field effects.

Artificial photosynthesis using carbon nitride (g-CN) holds a great promise for sustainable and cost-effective HO production, but the high carrier recombination rate impedes its efficiency. To tackle this challenge, we propose an innovative method involving multispecies iodine mediators (I/I) intercalation through a pre-photo-oxidation process using potassium iodide (suspected deteriorated "KI") within the g-CN framework. Moreover, we introduce an external electric field by incorporating cationic methyl viologen ions to establish an auxiliary electron transfer channel.

Enlightenment of robotic gastrectomy from 527 patients with gastric cancer in the minimally invasive era: 5 years of optimizing surgical performance in a high-volume center - a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Learning curves have been used in the field of robotic gastrectomy (RG). However, it should be noted that the previous study did not comprehensively investigate all changes related to the learning curve. This study aims to establish a learning curve for radical RG and evaluate its effect on the short-term outcomes of patients with gastric cancer.

Bulk Photovoltaic Effect Induced by Non-Covalent Interactions in Bilayered Hybrid Perovskite for Efficient Passive X-Ray Detection.

Hydrogen bonding as a multifunctional tool has always influenced the structure of hybrid perovskites. Compared with the research on hydrogen bonding, the study of halogen-halogen interactions on the structure and properties of hybrid perovskites is still in its early stages. Herein, a polar bilayered hybrid perovskite (IEA)FAPbI (IEA is 2-iodoethyl-1-ammonium, FA is formamidinium) with iodine-substituted spacer is successfully constructed by changing the configuration of interlayer cations and regulating non-covalent interactions at the organic-inorganic interface, which shows a shorter interlayer spacing and higher density (ρ = 3.

Halide Exchange in Perovskites Enables Bromine/Iodine Hybrid Cathodes for Highly Durable Zinc Ion Batteries.

With the increasing need for reliable storage systems, the conversion-type chemistry typified by bromine cathodes attracts considerable attention due to sizeable theoretical capacity, cost efficiency, and high redox potential. However, the severe loss of active species during operation remains a problem, leading researchers to resort to concentrated halide-containing electrolytes. Here, profiting from the intrinsic halide exchange in perovskite lattices, a novel low-dimensional halide hybrid perovskite cathode, TmdpPb[IBr], which serves not only as a halogen reservoir for reversible three-electron conversions but also as an effective halogen absorbent by surface Pb dangling bonds, C─H…Br hydrogen bonds, and Pb─I…Br halogen bonds, is proposed.