Prevalence and Factors Associated With Patient-Clinician Discordance Among Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis Initiating Advanced Therapy.

Objective: To describe and identify associated factors for patient-clinician discordance of disease assessment at biologic or Janus kinase inhibitor (JAKi) initiation and over 12 months following initiation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from a US RA registry.

Methods: Analyses included CorEvitas RA Registry patients who initiated their first biologic or JAKi on or after February 1, 2015, and had 6- and 12-month follow-up visits. Positive discordance was defined as patient global assessment (visual analog scale [VAS-100]) minus physician's global assessment (VAS-100) equal to 30 points or more.

Economic impact of applying the AASLD-IDSA simplified treatment algorithm on the real-world management of hepatitis C.

The American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) recommended in May 2019 that patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) could be assessed for treatment initiation with a simplified treatment algorithm. This approach uses standard blood and fibrosis tests, rather than genotype testing, to guide the initiation of pan-genotypic direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) or glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) treatment. To compare health care resource utilization (HCRU) and costs for patients who initiated treatment via the simplified vs nonsimplified algorithm (genotype testing).

Remdesivir Versus Standard-of-Care for Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection: An Analysis of 28-Day Mortality.

Background: Remdesivir is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and has been shown to shorten time to recovery and improve clinical outcomes in randomized trials.

Methods: This was the final day 28 comparative analysis of data from a phase 3, randomized, open-label study comparing 2 remdesivir regimens (5 vs 10 days, combined for this analysis [remdesivir cohort]) and a real-world retrospective longitudinal cohort study of patients receiving standard-of-care treatment (nonremdesivir cohort). Eligible patients, aged ≥18 years, had confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), oxygen saturation ≤94% on room air or required supplemental oxygen, with pulmonary infiltrates.

Shifting demographics and comorbidity burden in adult Chinese urban patients with chronic hepatitis B, 2013 and 2016.

Chronic hepatitis B demographics and comorbidity data are limited in China. The China Health Insurance Association claims database from 2013 and 2016 was used to augment the existing data: the proportion of patients aged >45 years increased significantly from 40.3% in 2013 to 49% in 2016 (p < 0.

Characteristics and Healthcare Costs in the Aging Hepatitis B Population of Japan: A Nationwide Real-World Analysis.

Introduction: Advancing age, comorbidity, and financial burden have been observed in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients globally. As Japan is leading the world in aging demographics, similar real-world data are urgently needed for its CHB population to inform all stakeholders.

Methods: This cross-sectional study characterized the demographics, comorbidities, and healthcare costs of a large Japanese real-world adult (≥18 years) CHB patient (ICD-10: B18.

Comorbidities and healthcare costs and resource use of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in the Japan medical data vision database.

Background: This study examined demographics, comorbidities and healthcare resource use (HCRU) and costs among Japanese patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).

Methods: We conducted a repeated cross-sectional analysis of the Medical Data Vision (MDV) claims database, from January 2011 to March 2018. Demographics were described at index date and by calendar year; a "NASH" subpopulation included patients with ≥ 1 claim for NASH at any time.

Hepatocellular carcinoma and other complications of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in Japan: A structured review of published works.

Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Japan. As the treatment of viral hepatitis improves, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are rapidly becoming leading causes of HCC in Japan. This structured review aims to characterize the morbidity and mortality of HCC and other malignant and non-malignant complications among Japanese NAFLD and NASH patients.

Remdesivir for Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Versus a Cohort Receiving Standard of Care.

Background: We compared the efficacy of the antiviral agent, remdesivir, versus standard-of-care treatment in adults with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using data from a phase 3 remdesivir trial and a retrospective cohort of patients with severe COVID-19 treated with standard of care.

Methods: GS-US-540-5773 is an ongoing phase 3, randomized, open-label trial comparing two courses of remdesivir (remdesivir-cohort). GS-US-540-5807 is an ongoing real-world, retrospective cohort study of clinical outcomes in patients receiving standard-of-care treatment (non-remdesivir-cohort).

Increasing comorbidities in a South Korea insured population-based cohort of patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Background: It is controversial whether chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients have more non-liver comorbidities than non-CHB subjects.

Aim: To characterise the demographics, comorbidity and health utilisation of CHB patients in South Korea and compare them to matched controls.

Methods: Using the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service (HIRA) 2007-2016 database, adult patients with claims for CHB analysed.

Hepatitis C virus cure with direct acting antivirals: Clinical, economic, societal and patient value for China.

About 10 million people in China are infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV), with the seroprevalence of anti-HCV in the general population estimated at 0.6%. Delaying effective treatment of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is associated with liver disease progression, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver-related mortality.

Cost-Utility of a Two-Dose Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Programme Added to Cervical Cancer Screening Compared with Cervical Cancer Screening Alone in Korea.

Background: Cervical cancer is caused by the human papillomavirus and is a leading cause of cancer death among young Korean women. Current screening programmes could benefit from the addition of HPV vaccination into their schedule to help reduce disease burden. Two-dose vaccination schedules targeting HPV types 16 and 18, which are responsible for most cervical cancer cases, have recently been approved.

Comparative Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Two Different Two-Dose Human Papillomavirus Vaccines in Malaysia.

Purpose: To comparatively evaluate the results of a 2-dose human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programme with the AS04-adjuvanted HPV16/18 vaccine (AS04-HPV-16/18v) or HPV-6/11/16/18 vaccine (4vHPVv), in addition to cervical cancer (CC) screening, in Malaysia. Methods: A lifetime Markov model replicating the natural history of HPV in 13-year-old girls was adapted to Malaysia to assess the impact of vaccination on pre-cancerous lesions, genital warts and CC cases, CC deaths, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and costs from the perspective of the Malaysian Ministry of Health. Vaccine effectiveness was based on efficacy and HPV type distribution.

Cost-effectiveness of two-dose human papillomavirus vaccination in Singapore.

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the tenth most common cancer and the eighth most frequent cause of death among women in Singapore. As human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the necessary cause of cervical cancer, the risk of cervical cancer can be substantially reduced through vaccination. This study was conducted to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of two-dose HPV vaccination as part of a national vaccination programme for 12-year-old girls in Singapore, from the perspective of the healthcare payer.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of AS04-adjuvanted human papillomavirus 16/18 vaccine compared with human papillomavirus 6/11/16/18 vaccine in the Philippines, with the new 2-dose schedule.

Cervical cancer (CC) is the second leading cause of cancer death among Filipino women. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination protects against CC. Two vaccines (AS04-HPV-16/18 and 4vHPV) are approved in the Philippines; they were originally developed for a 3-dose (3D) administration and have recently been approved in a 2-dose schedule (2D).

Managing the double burden: pregnancy and labor-intensive time use in rural China, Mexico, and Tanzania.

Labor-intensive work is often a way of life for women living in rural areas of developing countries. The physical exertion involved in such work may result in poor health outcomes for mothers and infants when continued through pregnancy. Using longitudinal data from China, Mexico, and Tanzania, we examine the relationship between pregnancy and four time-use outcomes, measured as hours spent in the past week on: (1) housework, (2) caregiving, (3) agricultural work, and (4) self-employment or nonagricultural work outside the home.

Child welfare agency ties to providers and schools and substance abuse treatment use by adolescents.

Policy makers and advocates are increasingly encouraging child-serving organizations to work together. This study examined how child welfare agency ties with substance abuse treatment providers and schools correlated with substance abuse treatment for adolescents receiving child protective services. A sample of adolescents with substance use risk was extracted from a national survey of families engaged with child welfare.

Trends in behavioral health care service provision by community health centers, 1998-2007.

Objective: The federal government boosted support for community health centers in medically underserved areas in 2002-2007. This investigation compared trends in behavioral health services provided by community health centers nationwide during the first several years of that initiative with immediately prior trends.

Methods: Data were extracted from the Health Resources and Services Administration's Uniform Data System on community health centers for 1998-2007 (2007, N=1,067).

Factors Associated With Use of ASAM Criteria and Service Provision in a National Sample of Outpatient Substance Abuse Treatment Units.

Standardized patient placement criteria such as those developed by the American Society of Addiction Medicine are increasingly common in substance abuse treatment, but it is unclear what factors are associated with their use or with treatment units' provision of related services. This study examined these issues in the context of a national survey of outpatient substance abuse treatment units. Regressions using 2005 data revealed that both public and private managed care were associated with a greater likelihood of using American Society of Addiction Medicine criteria to develop client treatment plans.