Acetogenesis to ethanologenesis: facilitating NADH oxidation via reductive acetate uptake.

(Homo)acetogens, including Clostridium spp., represent an enigma in metabolic flexibility and diversity. Eubacterium callanderi KIST612 is an acetogen that produces n-butyrate with carbon monoxide (CO) as the carbon and energy source; however, the production route is unknown.

Prediction of the Interface Behavior of a Steel/CFRP Hybrid Part Manufactured by Stamping.

Carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) is a lightweight material. The automotive industry has focused on producing a steel/CFRP hybrid part to reduce overall weight. After manufacturing, delamination can occur at the interface between the CFRP and steel owing to the hybrid part constituting dissimilar materials.

A Simple Route to the Complexation of Lutein with Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocarriers and Antioxidant Protection Against Blue Light.

Background: The excellent physicochemical properties of graphene-based materials, including graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (rGO), offer significant technological potential as multifunctional nanomaterials in biomedical fields. Lutein is a type of carotenoid that forms human macular pigments in the retina, where it inhibits harmful blue light and contributes to the strengthening of the antioxidant defense of retinal pigment epithelium cells.

Methods: Synthesis of the Lutein-rGO (Lu-rGO) complex was carried out for the optimized concentration.

Association between Aortic Valve Calcification Progression and Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Volume Progression in the PARADIGM Registry.

Background Aortic valve calcification (AVC) is a key feature of aortic stenosis, and patients with aortic stenosis often have coronary -artery disease. Therefore, proving the association between the progression of AVC and coronary atherosclerosis could improve follow-up and treatment strategies. Purpose To explore the association between the progression of AVC and the progression of total and plaque volume composition from a large multicenter registry of serial coronary CT angiographic examinations.

Hormone-related events and periodontitis in women.

Aim: While the short-term effects of hormonal events on gingival inflammation have been well described, long-term effects on the periodontium have received less attention. The aim of this cross-sectional population-based study was to evaluate the association between hormone-related events and periodontitis in a representative sample of the postmenopausal women of South Korea.

Materials And Methods: A total of 10,273 postmenopausal women representative of 6.

Monitoring Glutathione Dynamics and Heterogeneity in Living Stem Cells.

Glutathione (GSH) is a major antioxidant in cells, and plays vital roles in the cellular defense against oxidants and in the regulation of redox signals. In a previous report, we demonstrated that stem cell function is critically affected by heterogeneity and dynamic changes in cellular GSH concentration. Here, we present a detailed protocol for the monitoring of GSH concentration in living stem cells using FreSHtracer, a real-time GSH probe.

Quantification of Coronary Atherosclerosis in the Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease.

Background: Diagnosis of coronary artery disease and management strategies have relied solely on the presence of diameter stenosis ≥50%. We assessed whether direct quantification of plaque burden (PB) and plaque characteristics assessed by coronary computed tomography angiography could provide additional value in terms of predicting rapid plaque progression.

Methods And Results: From a 13-center, 7-country prospective observational registry, 1345 patients (60.

Synthesis of Gallic Acid Analogs as Histamine and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Inhibitors for Treatment of Mast Cell-Mediated Allergic Inflammation.

Gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid), is a natural product found in various foods and herbs that are well known as powerful antioxidants. Our previous report demonstrated that it inhibits mast cell-derived inflammatory allergic reactions by blocking histamine release and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. In this report, various amide analogs of gallic acid have been synthesized by introducing different amines through carbodiimide-mediated amide coupling and Pd/C-catalyzed hydrogenation.

Interaction between metal and graphene: dependence on the layer number of graphene.

The interaction between graphene and metal was investigated by studying the G band splitting in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of single-, bi-, and trilayer graphene. The Ag deposition on graphene induced large enhancement of the Raman signal of graphene, indicating SERS of graphene. In particular, the G band was split into two distinct peaks in the SERS spectrum of graphene.

Leukotactin-1/CCL15-induced chemotaxis signaling through CCR1 in HOS cells.

Leukotactin-1 (Lkn-1)/CCL15 is a recently cloned CC-chemokine that binds to the CCR1 and CCR3. Although Lkn-1 has been known to function as a chemoattractant for neutrophils, monocytes and lymphocytes, its cellular mechanism remains unclear. To understand the mechanism of Lkn-1-induced chemotaxis signaling, we examined the chemotactic activities of human osteogenic sarcoma cells expressing CCR1 in response to Lkn-1 using inhibitors of signaling molecules.

Pharmacokinetics of deguelin, a cancer chemopreventive agent in rats.

Purpose: To study the pharmacokinetics of deguelin, a naturally occurring potential cancer chemopreventive agent, in rats.

Methods: [3H]Deguelin was administered intravenously (i.v.

Effect of byakangelicin, an aldose reductase inhibitor, on galactosemic cataracts, the polyol contents and Na(+), K(+)ATPase activity in sciatic nerves of strepto-zotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Byakangelicin, a main furanocoumarin constituent isolated and characterized as an aldose reductase inhibitor from the roots of Angelica dahurica, was evaluated for usefulness in the treatment of galactosemic cataract and diabetic complications in animal experiments. Cataract formation and galactitol accumulation in the lenses of rats fed a 30% galactose diet were significantly prevented by intragastric (i.g.