Associations of intraoperative end-tidal CO levels with postoperative outcome-secondary analysis of a worldwide observational study.

Background: Patients receiving intraoperative ventilation during general anesthesia often have low end-tidal CO (etCO). We examined the association of intraoperative etCO levels with the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in a conveniently-sized international, prospective study named 'Local ASsessment of Ventilatory management during General Anesthesia for Surgery' (LAS VEGAS).

Methods: Patients at high risk of PPCs were categorized as 'low etCO' or 'normal to high etCO' patients, using a cut-off of 35 mmHg.

Epidemiology, ventilation management and outcomes of COVID-19 ARDS patients versus patients with ARDS due to pneumonia in the Pre-COVID era.

Background: Ventilation management may differ between COVID-19 ARDS (COVID-ARDS) patients and patients with pre-COVID ARDS (CLASSIC-ARDS); it is uncertain whether associations of ventilation management with outcomes for CLASSIC-ARDS also exist in COVID-ARDS.

Methods: Individual patient data analysis of COVID-ARDS and CLASSIC-ARDS patients in six observational studies of ventilation, four in the COVID-19 pandemic and two pre-pandemic. Descriptive statistics were used to compare epidemiology and ventilation characteristics.

Effect of mechanical power on mortality in invasively ventilated ICU patients without the acute respiratory distress syndrome: An analysis of three randomised clinical trials.

Background: The mechanical power of ventilation (MP) has an association with outcome in invasively ventilated patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Whether a similar association exists in invasively ventilated patients without ARDS is less certain.

Objective: To investigate the association of mechanical power with mortality in ICU patients without ARDS.

Effect of Early Treatment with Ivermectin among Patients with Covid-19.

Background: The efficacy of ivermectin in preventing hospitalization or extended observation in an emergency setting among outpatients with acutely symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is unclear.

Methods: We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, adaptive platform trial involving symptomatic SARS-CoV-2-positive adults recruited from 12 public health clinics in Brazil. Patients who had had symptoms of Covid-19 for up to 7 days and had at least one risk factor for disease progression were randomly assigned to receive ivermectin (400 μg per kilogram of body weight) once daily for 3 days or placebo.

Impact of sex on use of low tidal volume ventilation in invasively ventilated ICU patients-A mediation analysis using two observational cohorts.

Background: Studies in patients receiving invasive ventilation show important differences in use of low tidal volume (VT) ventilation (LTVV) between females and males. The aims of this study were to describe temporal changes in VT and to determine what factors drive the sex difference in use of LTVV.

Methods And Findings: This is a posthoc analysis of 2 large longitudinal projects in 59 ICUs in the United States, the 'Medical information Mart for Intensive Care III' (MIMIC III) and the 'eICU Collaborative Research DataBase'.

Dead space estimates may not be independently associated with 28-day mortality in COVID-19 ARDS.

Background: Estimates for dead space ventilation have been shown to be independently associated with an increased risk of mortality in the acute respiratory distress syndrome and small case series of COVID-19-related ARDS.

Methods: Secondary analysis from the PRoVENT-COVID study. The PRoVENT-COVID is a national, multicenter, retrospective observational study done at 22 intensive care units in the Netherlands.

Pulmonary levels of biomarkers for inflammation and lung injury in protective versus conventional one-lung ventilation for oesophagectomy: A randomised clinical trial.

Background: It is uncertain whether protective ventilation reduces ventilation-induced pulmonary inflammation and injury during one-lung ventilation.

Objective: To compare intra-operative protective ventilation with conventional during oesophagectomy with respect to pulmonary levels of biomarkers for inflammation and lung injury.

Design: Randomised clinical trial.

Correction to: Protective ventilation with high versus low positive end-expiratory pressure during one-lung ventilation for thoracic surgery (PROTHOR): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

After publication of the original article [1], the authors have notified us that two of the collaborator first and last names have been inverted in the "PROTHOR Investigators" table.

Potentially modifiable respiratory variables contributing to outcome in ICU patients without ARDS: a secondary analysis of PRoVENT.

Background: The majority of critically ill patients do not suffer from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). To improve the treatment of these patients, we aimed to identify potentially modifiable factors associated with outcome of these patients.

Methods: The PRoVENT was an international, multicenter, prospective cohort study of consecutive patients under invasive mechanical ventilatory support.

Follicle development in cryopreserved bitch ovarian tissue grafted to immunodeficient mouse.

The present study evaluated: (1) in vivo follicular development in canine ovarian tissue after slow freezing and xenotransplantation; and (2) the use of erythropoietin (EPO) as an angiogenic factor to optimise the transplantation procedure. Frozen-thawed ovarian tissue from five bitches was grafted into severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice (n=47) treated with or without EPO (500 IU kg(-1), once daily for 3 days) (Groups A and B, respectively) and analysed after 0, 1, 8 or 16 weeks. Follicle grade, follicle density, follicle morphology and stromal cells density were assessed by histological analysis, whereas vascularisation of the graft was quantified by immunohistochemistry with anti-α-smooth muscle actin antibody.

Participation of the autonomic nervous system in lipolysis induced by intraventricular injection of carbachol in the pigeon.

The possible involvement of central cholinergic neurotransmission in lipomobilization in avian species was investigated by injecting carbachol into the brain lateral ventricle (i.c.v.