Changes in cytokine levels during acute hyperinsulinemia in offspring of type 2 diabetic subjects.

Objective: To investigate the changes in the levels of cytokines and adhesion molecules in response to acute hyperinsulinemia in the offspring of type 2 diabetic subjects.

Methods: Forty healthy offspring of type 2 diabetic subjects and 19 control offspring of healthy parents were included in the study. Twenty offspring had normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and twenty offspring impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).

Pituitary-adrenal function in patients with acute subarachnoid haemorrhage: a prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) may damage the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal gland (HPA) axis and disturb cortisol metabolism. There are no available data that relates to the response of the HPA axis in the acute phase of SAH. We aimed to characterise the behavior of serum adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), total cortisol, stimulated total cortisol and free cortisol concentrations in acute aneurysmal SAH.

Electrocardiographic alterations during hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in healthy subjects.

Background: We evaluated the arrhythmogenic potential of hypoglycemia by studying electrocardiographic (ECG) changes in response to hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia and associated sympathoadrenal counterregulatory responses in healthy subjects.

Methods: The study population consisted of 18 subjects, aged 30-40 years. Five-minute ECG recordings and blood samplings were performed at baseline and during the euglycemic and hypoglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp studies.

Markers of endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation are associated in the offspring of type 2 diabetic subjects.

The offspring of type 2 diabetic patients are at elevated risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The aim of our study was to characterize the role of various biomarkers of endothelial activation in a cohort of offspring of type 2 diabetic subjects and to assess the association of adhesion molecules with inflammatory markers and metabolic parameters. Cytokine and adhesion molecule levels were measured in 19 healthy subjects and in 129 offspring of patients with type 2 diabetes (109 with normal glucose tolerance and 20 with impaired glucose tolerance).

Changes in inflammatory cytokines are related to impaired glucose tolerance in offspring of type 2 diabetic subjects.

Objective: We sought to determine whether levels of inflammatory markers and different cytokines are abnormal in nondiabetic offspring of type 2 diabetic subjects.

Research Design And Methods: Cytokine levels were measured in 19 healthy control subjects and 129 offspring of patients with type 2 diabetes (109 with normal glucose tolerance [NGT] and 20 with impaired glucose tolerance [IGT]). Insulin sensitivity was determined with the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, insulin secretion with the intravenous glucose tolerance test, and abdominal fat distribution with computed tomography.