Dressing Apraxia as Initial Manifestation of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease.

Background: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare prion disease characterized by rapidly progressive dementia.

Case Report: A 76-year-old woman exhibited pronounced signs and symptoms of dressing apraxia for about seven weeks before the disease progressed and probable CJD was diagnosed supported by imaging and CSF findings.

Discussion: Dressing apraxia as the initial manifestation of CJD has been sparsely reported.

Neuro-Ophthalmology at the Bedside: A Clinical Guide.

Neuro-ophthalmological signs and symptoms are common in the emergency department but are a frequent source of diagnostic uncertainties. However, neuro-ophthalmological signs often allow a precise neuro-topographical localization of the clinical problem. A practical concept is presented how to perform a neuro-ophthalmological examination at the bedside and to interpret key findings under the aspect of emergency medicine with limited resources.

[Cranial nerve palsies: ganglioside autoantibodies indicating an immunoneuropathy].

Background: Cranial neuropathies are not infrequent and need a broad differential diagnostic approach. Etiologically autoimmune processes have to be considered.

Method: In five patients with cranial neuropathy (in two cases lesion of the abducens nerve, in one case bilateral facial palsy, in one case abducens, facial and bilateral vestibular lesion, in one case bilateral glossopharyngeal lesion) IgG and IgM autoantibodies directed against most relevant gangliosides were quantitatively analyzed (Bühlmann Laboratories AG, Schönenbuch, Switzerland).