Placental Transport of Amino Acids in Rats with Methionine-Induced Hyperhomocysteinemia.

Maternal hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is a risk factor for intrauterine growth restriction presumably caused by a decrease in the placental transport of nutrients. We investigated the effect of experimental HHcy induced by daily methionine administration to pregnant rats on the free amino acid levels in the maternal and fetal blood, as well as on morphological and biochemical parameters associated with the amino acid transport through the placenta. HHcy caused an increase in the levels of most free amino acids in the maternal blood on gestational day 20, while the levels of some amino acids in the fetal blood were decreased.

Evaluation of folliculogenesis and oxidative stress parameters in type 1 diabetes mellitus women with different glycemic profiles.

Background: Despite enormous advances in diabetes treatment, women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) still experience delayed menarche, menstrual irregularities, fewer pregnancies, and a higher rate of stillbirths compared to women without the disease. Due to the fact that type 1 DM occurs at a young age, the preservation of reproductive health is one of the most important goals of treatment.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between different glycemic profiles and changes in the pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance and ovarian follicular apparatus in reproductive-age patients with type 1 DM.

Epigenetic Mechanisms Involved in the Effects of Maternal Hyperhomocysteinemia on the Functional State of Placenta and Nervous System Plasticity in the Offspring.

According to modern view, susceptibility to diseases, specifically to cognitive and neuropsychiatric disorders, can form during embryonic development. Adverse factors affecting mother during the pregnancy increase the risk of developing pathologies. Despite the association between elevated maternal blood homocysteine (Hcy) and fetal brain impairments, as well as cognitive deficits in the offspring, the role of brain plasticity in the development of these pathologies remains poorly studied.

Imbalance of Angiogenic and Growth Factors in Placenta in Maternal Hyperhomocysteinemia.

Numerous studies have shown that various adverse factors of different nature and action mechanisms have similar negative influence on placental angiogenesis, resulting in insufficiency of placental blood supply. One of the risk factors for pregnancy complications with placental etiology is an increased level of homocysteine in the blood of pregnant women. However, the effect of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) on the development of the placenta and, in particular, on the formation of its vascular network is at present poorly understood.

Maternal Hyperhomocysteinemia Disturbs the Mechanisms of Embryonic Brain Development and Its Maturation in Early Postnatal Ontogenesis.

Maternal hyperhomocysteinemia causes the disruption of placental blood flow and can lead to serious disturbances in the formation of the offspring's brain. In the present study, the effects of prenatal hyperhomocysteinemia (PHHC) on the neuronal migration, neural tissue maturation, and the expression of signaling molecules in the rat fetal brain were described. Maternal hyperhomocysteinemia was induced in female rats by per os administration of 0.