[Surface cytoarchitectonics of maternal and fetal erythrocytes in normal and complicated course of pregnancy and labor].

Red cell surface architectonics and ultrastructure were studied in pregnant women, their fetuses, and newborns in normal and complicated pregnancy. The results were correlated to dopplerometric blood stream parameters of uterine artery and fetal umbilical artery. The most grave changes in red cell structure were detected in women with medium-severe and grave OPH gestosis: the share of red cell discoid forms was reduced by 21%, that of nontransitional forms ("shrunk ball"-shaped cells, spherocytes, degeneratively changed cells) increased by 17%.

[Synthesis of cell membrane "signal" ATP in human erythrocyte membranes stimulated by insulin as criteria of the efficacy of therapeutic plasmapheresis].

Insulin-stimulated synthesis of plasma membraneous "signal" ATP (psATP) from ADP and P(i) in oxidation coupled with that of NADH was detected in a preparation of plasma membranes from human erythrocytes; psATP was formed at concentrations of 10(-8)-10(-9) M. Effect of medicinal plasmapheresis on ability of erythrocyte membranes to produce psATP was studied. The rate of psATP biosynthesis was estimated in healthy volunteers and in patients with various diseases: nonspecific aortic arteritis, bronchial asthma, peritonitis, myasthenia before and after plasmapheresis.

[Results of hematological examinations of crew members of the space vehicles EO-2, EO-3 and EO-4].

The authors' opinion that adaptation inhibition of erythron functioning under weightlessness produces an unfavourable effect on the optimal physical state of a cosmonaut and his working capacity in the post-flight period has been confirmed by the analysis of certain hematological parameters studied in cosmonauts. The data obtained have necessitated investigation of threshold values of erythron functioning under weightlessness, and creation of artificial gravitation on board the piloted space ship to normalize erythropoiesis. Investigation of these problems of space hematology would be helpful in validation of the limits of human's long-term stay under weightlessness, and in the pre- and post-flight period management.

[Surface architectonics and erythrocyte deformability in patients with terminal stage of chronic kidney failure].

Red cell deformability was examined in donors and patients with chronic renal insufficiency; the red cell surface architectonics before and after filtration was under study. The red cell ability to deformation was found reduced in the patients, the level of nontransitional prehemolytic forms of red cells increased, and the count of discoid cells reduced. These data permit assessing the red cell ability to deformation.