[Mechanism f kidney participation in maintaining osmotic and ion homeostasis in chronic renal failure].

In examination of patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) at glomerular filtration rate below 30 ml/min and blood serum ion concentration within limits of normal values hyperosmia has been found. Under the natural regimen essential differences have been revealed neither in variation limits of renal excretion of ions nor osmotically active substances in CRF patients as compared with healthy controls. Diuresis correlated with renal excretion of osmotically active substances.

[Effect of weightlessness on the mother-fetus system (results of embryological experiment NIH-R1 abroad the "Space Shuttle"].

Female rats were exposed to weightlessness in the mid-deck of US "Space Shuttle" in the period between days 9 to 20 of pregnancy and examined on Earth post flight. No significant structural anomalies threatening the life and normal development were found in newborn rats carried by mothers under the conditions of weightless exposures. Water, Na, K, Ca, Fe and Cu contents in fetal and placental tissues of the flight animals were not changed.

[Effect of short- and long-time space flights on some biochemical and physical-chemical parameters of cosmonauts' blood].

The purpose of the present investigation was to look for original approaches to the analysis of physical-chemical (osmolality, sodium, potassium, and calcium concentrations) and hormonal (cortisol, aldosterone, vasopressin, parathormone, calcitonin) parameters of cosmonauts' serum. To this event, we investigated 35 cosmonauts who had made either short- (up to 8 days) or long-term (up to 366 days) space flights. The dispersion factor of these parameters was found to be a criterion for assessment of the reaction of human regulatory systems to extreme impacts.