[Relationship of retinal vascular caliber with age and cardiometabolic diseases in the population over 50 years of age].

Unlabelled: In an aging society, age-dependent diseases with high mortality, including cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), occupy a special place. There is only limited population-based data on the relationship between cardiometabolic diseases and target-organ damage, including ocular microvasculature.

Purpose: To explore the associations between the caliber of retinal vessels and cardiometabolic diseases in a population sample of men and women from middle-aged to elderly (Novosibirsk).

[Age-related characteristics of retinal vessels in aging (literature review).].

The changes of retinal vascular caliber and microvascular topography reflect the cumulative response to ageing, the influence of cardiovascular risk factors, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction. With objective to perform a systematic review of the studies which evaluate retinal vessels in ageing, we conducted the search of published reports (2003-2020). The review provided the evidence of narrowing of the caliber of retinal arterioles and venules in ageing; inverse relationship has been found in ethnically heterogeneous populations in a wide age range from 4th to 9th decade.

[Prevalence of ophthalmic diseases in the population older than 50 years].

Unlabelled: The ageing of population is accompanied by an increase in the frequency of chronic diseases, including ophthalmic. The progression of ophthalmologic disturbances has population specificity and its analysis in Russian population is relevant.

Purpose: To study the prevalence and age- and gender-related gradient of ophthalmic diseases (cataract, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic and hypertensive retinopathy) in the Russian population older than 50 years.

[Comparison of "home treatment" with traditional inpatient treatment in a mental hospital in rural southern Germany].

Objective: To investigate the clinical effectiveness of "Home Treatment" (HT) in comparison to the usual inpatient treatment in patients with acute psychiatric illness.

Methods: In a prospective observational study we compared 60 of our HT patients to 18 patients receiving inpatient treatment as usual (TAU) with regard to psychopathological symptoms (PANSS, HAM-D 21), global functioning (GAF), symptom severity (HoNOS-D) and sociodemographic parameters at admission and discharge.

Results: HT was a feasible alternative in patients with several different psychiatric diagnoses and appeared to be similar to TAU in view of clinical effectiveness.

[Quality of the bristle-end rounding in ten brands of children's toothbrushes].

Animal and clinical studies have shown that sharp, unpolished toothbrush bristles may injure gingival tissue, and their contribution to cervical abrasion is widely discussed. The aim of the present study was to compare the end-roundness and smoothness of the bristle tips of ten commercially available children's toothbrushes (Elmex Lernzahnbürste, Aronal Oko Dent Kinder, Signal Kids, Dr. Best Milchzahn, Dr.